Rachel Ong
Singapore
“Chairman, many PwDs and employers remain unaware of available support for inclusive employment and daily living. A recent Singapore Management University (SMU) survey found that eight in 10 PwDs had never heard of employability training programmes and fewer than half of employers were aware of workplace grants and hiring incentives.”
“Chairman, today, very few counsellors are trained in Singapore Sign Language. Thus, deaf clients often rely on interpreters from an already small community. This often limits privacy and discourage self and help-seeking. One deaf individual received counselling only after a long search.”
“Chairman, the misuse of AI, particularly through sexually exploitative deepfake content, is creating new risks. Children and vulnerable persons, including persons with disabilities, may face impersonation, coercion and greater difficulty reporting harm.”
“Chairman, during an MRT disruption last year, a deaf commuter shared that she felt confused and afraid when passengers began to leave the train as there were no visual or sign language updates explaining what was happening.”
“Chairman, I support the Government's strong investment in AI skills for Singaporeans. Expanding the TeSA programme to help non-tech workers gain practical AI capabilities sends an important signal, that AI is no longer a niche skill, but a foundational one.”
“Chairman, unattended cooking remains one of the leading causes of residential fires in Singapore, according to the Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF). Many of these incidents involve our seniors, where distraction, medical conditions, or reduced mobility quickly turn an everyday activity into a serious safety risk.”
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“Chairman, today, very few counsellors are trained in Singapore Sign Language. Thus, deaf clients often rely on interpreters from an already small community. This often limits privacy and discourage self and help-seeking. One deaf individual received counselling only after a long search. In countries, such as Canada, sign-language counselling is provided as a standard service. May I ask the Minister: how can we expand the pool of Singapore Sign Language trained counsellors and integrate sign language competent support into mainstream mental health services? Will MSF review funding and support schemes to ensure Singapore Sign Language interpretation is systematically available across counselling, social support centres and crisis response services, so deaf Singaporeans can access help confidentially and equitably?”
“Chairman, many PwDs and employers remain unaware of available support for inclusive employment and daily living. A recent Singapore Management University (SMU) survey found that eight in 10 PwDs had never heard of employability training programmes and fewer than half of employers were aware of workplace grants and hiring incentives. While portals, such as the SG Enabling Guide, provides useful resources, information is spread across multiple platforms, making it difficult for PwDs and caregivers to navigate support. May I ask MSF, how will communication on employment, living and community support for PwDs be improved so individuals and employers are better informed? Will the Government consider a single, centralised portal that brings together training, employment, housing, social activities and financial assistance, so PwDs and caregivers can more easily access support? Improving Employment of PwDs”
“Chairman, the misuse of AI, particularly through sexually exploitative deepfake content, is creating new risks. Children and vulnerable persons, including persons with disabilities, may face impersonation, coercion and greater difficulty reporting harm. May I ask the Minister: what safeguards are in place to protect families, especially children and vulnerable persons, from harmful uses of AI? How is MSF working with other Government agencies to strengthen digital literacy among parents and caregivers? Are there specialised support services for victims of AI-enabled exploitation, particularly children and persons with disabilities? Strengthening Support for All”
“Chairman, during an MRT disruption last year, a deaf commuter shared that she felt confused and afraid when passengers began to leave the train as there were no visual or sign language updates explaining what was happening. While initiatives such as the Sign Language Virtual Assistant SiLViA at Chinatown MRT station are encouraging, such support is not yet available across the network. Could the Government update whether visual and sign language communication tools will be expanded so that disruption and emergency announcements are accessible to deaf commuters across our public transport system? Express Trains and Shortening Commutes”
“Chairman, I support the Government's strong investment in AI skills for Singaporeans. Expanding the TeSA programme to help non-tech workers gain practical AI capabilities sends an important signal, that AI is no longer a niche skill, but a foundational one. As we build these capabilities, we must ensure that inclusion keeps pace, especially for persons with disabilities, so that new divides are not created. Training providers supported under the national AI initiatives should incorporate reasonable accommodations; such as screen-reader compatible materials, captioning or sign language interpretation where needed and accessible training venues. Could the Minister clarify what requirements are in place to ensure such accommodations are consistently provided? Future-ready Youths”
“I would like to ask the Second Minister for Home Affairs if there are sufficient measures at this point to ensure the safety of our residents in high-rise buildings during a fire, especially the elderly and the mobility challenged.”
“Chairman, unattended cooking remains one of the leading causes of residential fires in Singapore, according to the Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF). Many of these incidents involve our seniors, where distraction, medical conditions, or reduced mobility quickly turn an everyday activity into a serious safety risk. As Singapore becomes a super-aged society, preventing such incidents must form part of how we support seniors to be safe at home while giving a greater sense of peace of mind to their families and caregivers. Technology offers practical opportunities for prevention. In Japan, stoves are commonly equipped with built-in safety sensors that detect overheating and automatically shut off the gas before a fire can occur. In South Korea, smart stove monitoring devices can alert users when appliances are left unattended and automatically cut off power to prevent accidents. Such technology enables solutions, including —”
“First, how does MINDEF envision the role of the wider population evolving within Singapore's defence ecosystem over the longer term, particularly as demographics change and fewer citizens may have direct experience of NS? Second, beyond preparedness exercises and participation schemes, how is MINDEF working across the Government and society to ensure that, in a national crisis, Singapore can mobilise quickly with public trust, cohesion and shared resolve already in place? Third, as the nature of conflict evolves beyond conventional warfare to include hybrid, informational and societal dimensions, how is MINDEF strengthening Singapore's overall whole-of-nation resilience framework so that our defence posture remains credible not only militarily, but also socially and psychologically? SAF Volunteer Corps”
“Chairman, recent conflicts overseas remind us that national defence is not carried by the military alone. In Ukraine, ordinary citizens have played important roles, countering misinformation, supporting one another and sustaining national morale even under prolonged crisis. These experiences underscore an enduring lesson – resilience ultimately rests on the preparedness and resolve of the whole society. Military capability remains essential. But behind every capable armed force is a population that understands the risks it faces and is prepared to respond collectively when crisis happen. In Singapore, building such preparedness begins with awareness. Many Singaporeans have grown up in peace and stability, and as a result, security threats can sometimes feel distant or abstract. Strengthening national resilience therefore requires continued efforts to deepen public understanding of why defence matters and how every segment of society has a role to play. MINDEF and the SAF have laid strong foundations. Total Defence education in schools and NS remain central pillars of our defence system. For many Singaporeans, NS is where responsibility, teamwork and commitment to country become tangible realities. At the same time, opportunities exist to broaden engagement across society. Women, who make up half our population, may wish to contribute beyond supporting family members in service. Likewise, young people, new citizens and others may be keen but uncertain about how they can meaningfully participate in strengthening national resilience. In this regard, I would like to ask three clarifications.”
“May I ask the Minister whether MFA is exploring similar consular-sharing partnerships with like-minded countries, so that Singaporeans may continue to receive timely on-the-ground assistance even in places where we do not have a resident diplomatic presence?”
“Chairman, as more Singaporeans study, work and travel abroad, many may not realise that wherever our citizens go, Singapore quietly maintains a constant watch over their safety. At the heart of this effort is MFA's 24-hour Consular Response Centre, staffed around the clock to assist Singaporeans facing emergencies anywhere in the world; whether arising from accidents, natural disasters, civil unrest or unforeseen crises. Even in the middle of the night, when a Singaporean encounters distress thousands of kilometres away, there is always a duty officer in Singapore ready to respond, coordinating assistance with MFA's overseas Missions, liaising with local authorities and supporting both the individual abroad and their families back home. This commitment was demonstrated during the recent floods in Hat Yai, where hundreds of Singaporeans were affected and more than 800 were safely assisted to return home through coordinated evacuation efforts. I would like to commend the strong and often unseen work of the MFA officers and our overseas Missions, whose dedication provide reassurance to Singaporeans far beyond our shores. While the 24-hour hotline provides vital coordination and guidance, situations on the ground may sometimes require physical, in-person assistance, particularly in countries where Singapore does not maintain a resident embassy or consulate. Some countries address this through consular-sharing arrangements. For example, Australia and Canada provide reciprocal assistance to each other's citizens in locations where one country may not have a diplomatic presence, allowing travellers to access basic emergency to help locally.”
“Beyond consensus statements, what practical mechanisms can ASEAN act collectively when its unity is tested? Second, as economic integration becomes increasingly digital, what concrete outcomes or milestones can we expect under Singapore's chairmanship for the ASEAN Digital Economy Framework Agreement? In particular, how is Singapore supporting efforts to narrow digital capability gaps among member states so that integration benefits the region as a whole? Singapore-ASEAN and EU”
“Chairman, in 2027, ASEAN will mark its 60th anniversary. Over six decades, the region has moved from uncertainty to one that is more stable, connected and economically vibrant. For Singapore, ASEAN remains central to our security and continued relevance in the world. This milestone comes at a particularly consequential moment as Singapore assumes the ASEAN chairmanship amid growing global tensions. Major powers are competing more sharply and supply chains are reconfiguring. In such an environment, ASEAN's unity becomes even more critical. When Southeast Asia is drawn into major-power rivalry, smaller states will have less strategic space to act independently. Our shared interest must therefore be to keep ASEAN open, inclusive and cohesive, able to engage all partners while preserving its collective autonomy. At the same time, ASEAN must move with greater urgency on economic integration. Initiatives such as the ASEAN Digital Economy Framework Agreement and the ASEAN Power Grid are not abstract long-term ambitions but practical pathways to strengthen regional resilience, connectivity and competitiveness. Greater alignment of digital rules and payment can enable our small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to operate more seamlessly across borders while regional energy cooperation can support our shared climate transition. Singapore as Chair is well placed to advance meaningful progress in these areas. In this regard, I seek two clarifications from the Minister. First, as ASEAN navigates a more contested geopolitical environment, how does Singapore intend to use its chairmanship to strengthen ASEAN cohesion and strategic autonomy so that the region remains united and not pulled apart by major-power competition?”
“Mr Chairman, I previously asked about private insurance rejections affecting persons with disabilities, mental health conditions including autism. The Government’s reply was that this data is not tracked and that beyond MediShield Life, access to coverage depends on insurers’ own assessments. I recognise that insurance works by assessing risk and insurers must be able to price their policies accordingly. As we move towards a more inclusive society, families also need assurance that access to protection is fair. In 2024, MAS and the Life Insurance Association issued guidance on fair underwriting and clearer communication of exclusions. This is a positive step, but guidelines alone do not always change people’s experiences. Families still report exclusions, higher premiums or rejection when adults with developmental conditions apply for life or critical illness insurance. Some are asked for assessments such as IQ or language reports and often, they do not receive clear explanations based on the data. Without better information, it is difficult to know whether these families are being fairly treated. I have three questions. First, will the Government work with MAS and insurers to track anonymised data on disability-related rejections and exclusions, so we have a clearer picture of what is happening? Second, when exclusions or higher premiums are applied, will MAS require insurers, if challenged, to show that these decisions are backed by evidence and linked to real risk, as is already required in places like the UK, Australia and parts of the European Union? Third, will there be an independent and accessible channel for families who believe decisions are unfair? At present, they are mostly told to appeal directly to the insurer, which often feels insufficient.”
“I thank our Government and public officers, and recognise that every policy decision must be balanced against fiscal realities. May our Smart Nation be strong and kind for every generation. With this, I support Budget 2026. [Applause.]”
“The person on screen looked like her husband and the voice was identical too. But in fact, her real husband was at home at the time. Hence, all seniors must remember – for any call asking for money, you must pause and confirm the caller’s identity first. Use the code word to verify. Only then can you truly protect yourself. If the caller claims to be a Singapore Government official or Police officer, you can dial 1799 ScamShield anti-scam hotline to verify. Second, if you suspect or have already encountered a scam, please immediately notify your family or bank. The earlier you seek help, the greater the chance of reducing losses. Third, actively participate in anti-scam courses. According to a 2021 Ministry of Home Affairs survey, 45% of victims have been scammed again. Therefore, learning is the most important line of defense. Currently, many communities organise anti-scam talks. For example, Telok Blangah Community Centre will hold another anti-scam education activity on 7 March. Because scam tactics constantly evolve, only by learning together and reminding each other can we better protect ourselves. Finally, I would also like to say a few words to the children of our seniors. Even smart, well-educated people can be deceived. Scammers do not choose their targets. When parents encounter scams, they often blame themselves and are more frightened than we imagine. Please give them more understanding, comfort and support and help them emerge from the shadow. (In English): Mr Speaker, across many cultures, how a society treats its seniors reflects its moral strength. Singapore has made meaningful progress, building firm foundations through Healthier SG, Age Well SG and the tireless work of everyone on the ground.”
“Banks and agencies can adopt protocols, including private consultations, multilingual guidance and staff trained to respond with empathy. Third, a mandatory scam resilience workshop for victims, to equip seniors and families with practical tools, confidence and safeguards before they are approached again. Mr Speaker, in Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): [Please refer to Vernacular Speech.] Mr Speaker, I would like to say a few heartfelt words to our senior residents. Many Singaporeans have encountered scams before. If you have been deceived, please do not blame yourself too much. This is really not your fault. Scam tactics are becoming increasingly sophisticated nowadays and anyone could have a momentary lapse. What is important is not to put yourself down because of one experience. Be more self-forgiving and carry on living courageously. According to the Singapore Police Force’s data, scam cases in 2024 reached a new high. Among these, senior citizens suffered the most losses. What is even more heartbreaking is that many seniors dare not speak up after being scammed because they feel ashamed and are afraid of being blamed. As a result, they experience long-term anxiety, difficulty sleeping and even begin to doubt their own judgement. Facing such situations, I would like to offer some advice to all our seniors. First, do not be afraid but remain vigilant. You can agree on a simple "code word" with your family beforehand. This way, when you receive calls or video calls, you can confirm whether the other party is indeed your family member. Current scam tactics are very sophisticated. They can even imitate the look and voice. One lady received a video call from her "husband". The caller said his phone was lost and needed her to transfer money immediately.”
“When seniors feel unsure on the digital front, some withdraw, others avoid transactions and many feel embarrassed to ask for help. As one resident shared, "英语不会, 电脑不懂"; or "I do not know English, nor am I IT-savvy." When seniors feel unsafe in the digital space, these consequences are not only stressful; they can be dangerous. And this brings me to my fourth point: scams. From financial loss to trauma, scams affect people of all ages. But for our seniors, the consequences can be life-altering. Singapore recorded 51,501 scam cases in 2024 with $1.1 billion lost. Seniors may be fewer in number, but they often suffer the highest losses and the deepest emotional turmoil. For someone in their 70s and 80s, money represents years of effort and strength they can no longer earn back. The loss therefore cuts far deeper than the dollar value. Many do not tell their children. There is shame and fear of being scolded. Some suffer sleeplessness, anxiety and a loss of confidence in their own judgement. One senior in his 80s shared with me that after recognising the scam tactics and refusing a second request for money, he feared retaliation and stopped going out alone. Repeat victimisation is also not uncommon. In a Home Team survey shared in 2021, 45% of scam victims were targeted again. And I know this to be true. Some scam tactics are advancing quickly, with AI-enabled deepfakes far harder to detect. I suggest three areas where our response to victim support can be strengthened. First, faster and more coordinated support. Automatic referral pathways to ensure victims are quickly linked to counselling, guidance and family support. Second, more humane system responses.”
“To ease this burden, I propose two practical steps. First, expand the role of neighbourhood GPs under Healthier SG to handle hospital-directed routine tests and follow-ups closer to home. Second, provide broader transport subsidies for seniors with frequent medical visits. Next, digital anxiety. Singapore's Smart Nation push has brought many benefits. But for some seniors, it has also brought digital anxiety. Among seniors-only households, smartphone ownership is near 90%, but access does not equate confidence. A simple SMS that says: "Reply 1", "Click this link" can be confusing. A hospital appointment message can trigger days of worry, especially when it is to reschedule. Seniors often leave the hospital with a printed appointment slip they rely on. When an SMS later arrives with a new date, certainty disappears. For those who depend on escorts or family to arrange transport, this anxiety is compounded. Then, there is what I call the "two-minute OTP race". For a senior, it means searching for their glasses, unlocking their phone, switching screens and trying to read an English message within a time limit. For the institution, it is one notification. For our seniors, it can feel like emotional roller-coaster. Digitalisation must therefore include human fallbacks and senior-friendly design. I suggest to: include a direct phone line to a real person in automated messages; keep government apps simple, with clear mother-tongue options; offer guided "safe update" sessions so seniors can navigate their devices confidently. And for seniors with mobility challenges, I urge MOH and our healthcare institutions to proactively assess transport needs when appointments are rescheduled.”
“In Singapore, Health Promotion Board's Nutri-Grade has shown how clear labels can guide healthier choices. Could we build on this success with a similar approach for senior-friendly foods, signalling both nutritional value and eating comfort? Our food innovation ecosystem can support this through grants, pilots and partnerships with industry and community providers. Because when seniors maintain their health, they maintain their independence, confidence and dignity. The second area that requires attention is rising cost pressures. Cost pressures for seniors are often less visible. One overlooked area is oral health, which directly affects nutrition and overall health. Many seniors assume tooth loss is simply part of ageing. Some quietly share, "I don't go to the dentist because I cannot afford it". With subsidies, full dentures can cost between $500 and $800 and require multiple visits. For seniors with limited finances and mobility challenges, this is a deterrent. I therefore ask the Government to review dental subsidies, particularly denture-related costs and to consider introducing one fully subsidised annual dental check-up for seniors aged 65 and above, on CHAS Blue or Orange. Such a measure would strengthen preventive care, while giving us a clearer national picture of our seniors' oral health needs. Transport is another burden. While Agency for Integrated Care's Medical Escort and Transport subsidies help some, many mildly frail seniors fall outside eligibility. They may be able to walk, but could be unsafe in crowded transport. Taxi fares of $20 to $40 per trip quickly adds up. About one-third of seniors live alone or with another senior; which means managing healthcare, from appointments to follow-ups, can be stressful, costly and physically demanding.”
“Affordable foods, such as eggs, tofu, beans and simple fish dishes are already part of everyday meals. Yet nutrition gaps among seniors often arise not from the lack of food, but from practical barriers; difficulty chewing, fatigue from cooking, eating alone, or uncertainty about what foods truly support strength. Strong Seniors SG would therefore focus on making protein intake easier, more familiar and part of the daily routines. This can be advanced through three practical pathways: where seniors eat; how seniors eat; and what seniors eat. First, where seniors eat. We can partner hawkers, food courts and Active Ageing Centres to make protein-rich meals more visible and accessible. Stalls to highlight affordable protein options or label balanced set meals, including softer choices for those with chewing difficulties. When the healthier option is easier to spot, it becomes easier to choose. Second, how seniors eat. Eating is social. Seniors eat more and eat better when they eat together. Some Active Ageing Centres already run communal meals and we can build on this. In the UK, general practitioners (GPs) go beyond medication by recommending communal dining and social activities as preventive care. We can adopt the same approach in Singapore, with GPs and polyclinics referring seniors to community meal initiatives that provide both nutrition and social connection. Third, what seniors eat. Countries like Japan and South Korea are investing in senior-friendly food innovation, including texture-adapted, high-protein meals. South Korea goes further by setting a national senior-friendly food standard, with clear nutrition and texture benchmarks. Certified foods are labelled by texture levels allowing seniors to buy ready-to-eat meals from supermarkets.”
“Mr Speaker, I thank Prime Minister Lawrence Wong for his Budget Statement and for the continued emphasis on honouring our people and results. Today, I speak in defence of our seniors. Many carry with them daily realities and pressures very quietly. I will highlight four areas that require our attention: nutrition vulnerability; rising cost pressures; digital anxiety; and the fast evolving threat of scams. First, nutrition vulnerability. In a food-secure city like ours, it is worrying that we are seeing signs of rising malnutrition among seniors. A National Healthcare Group Health Study found that the proportion of hospital patients aged 65 and above, are at risk of malnutrition rose from three in 10 in 2022 to four in 10 by 2025, with two-thirds still at risk, at discharge. This shows the issue is not marginal but persistent. Doctors at the National University Hospital also highlight that malnutrition is closely linked to falls and poorer recovery. Many do not see food as part of healthcare. When eating becomes painful, tiring and lonely, nutrition suffers, not from ignorance, but from circumstance. Some stop walking to hawker centres and rely instead on biscuits and instant noodles. Others shift to softer but less nutritious foods because of untreated oral health issues or chewing difficulties. Over time, protein intake drops, strength declines and frailty rises. If we are serious about healthy ageing, nutrition policy must address access and the daily realities of how our seniors eat. My first proposal is a national movement, which I will refer to, for now, as Strong Seniors SG, with a simple goal: helping seniors stay strong through better nutrition, especially adequate protein intake. Protein should not feel like a luxury.”
“I see them caring for their families, honouring parents, loving siblings and convinced that family is worth fighting for. I see young people brave enough to stand up for their friends and rooted in healthy relationships. I see youths who embrace education as a privilege, ending each day with purpose. I see young people celebrating the success of others and enjoying wholesome fun in music, sports and nature, without coarse joking or degrading remarks. I see them whole in school, home and community, skilled and committed to lifelong learning. I see them recognising that they are part of Singapore's future, thriving in their talents, bold and creative in attempting new things. I see our young friends resilient and brave in uncertainty, building ideas, products and services that help our communities flourish. Above all, I see youths who know that blessing the less fortunate is a privilege, and who treat resources and knowledge as a trust, to be used generously in the service of others. Mr Deputy Speaker, to preserve, defend and protect our youths is to secure Singapore's future. Our strength lies not in Reserves or capabilities alone, but in young Singaporeans who are tough-minded, yet tender-hearted. Let us act wisely and decisively, for our youths to lead our Singapore into a stronger future. Mr Deputy Speaker, I support the Motion.”
“Youths with disabilities face sharper struggles and are two to three times more likely than their peers to experience mental health difficulties. Many retreat online in search of connection, only to encounter comparison, stress, addiction and deeper insecurity. This leaves them carrying a double stigma: disability and mental health. Gaps also remain in professional understanding. Often, depression in youths with disabilities is dismissed as part of the disability. Autistic youths, for example, may have genuine mental health conditions wrongly attributed solely to autism. When this happens, mental health needs go untreated and may worsen over time. The reality is stark. These youths fight two battles: disability, and the disbelief that their sadness deserves help. The caregivers, too, shoulder immense caregiving responsibilities and stress. This constant strain directly affects their ward's well-being, deepening the mental health challenges they face. Having ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2013, Singapore must now ensure that our National Mental Health and Well-Being Strategy is fully disability-inclusive through the Enabling Masterplan. I was especially encouraged at this year's 60th National Day Parade, witnessing how intentional the entire parade was, including persons with disabilities and with the sign language thoughtfully woven throughout the programme. This marks the true progress of a nation, one that leaves no one behind. Mr Deputy Speaker, I have spoken on four battlelines where protection must be strengthened. Let me close with the fifth front: my vision for our youths in Singapore. Mr Deputy Speaker, when I look at our youths, I see courage and compassion.”
“Just as Healthier SG takes a preventive approach to physical health, we need a national programme that prepares youths for the mental and emotional impact of digital life, in ways that resonate with them. When asked about school programmes on responsible social media, a 16-year-old replied, "What your friends say is more effective than what the school says." We must change how we engage. Australia's Mental Health First Aid often described as "CPR for Emotional Emergencies". It equips ordinary people, including youths, to recognise distress and offer immediate support until professional help is available. Singapore could adapt such an approach and enhance peer support. To protect our youths, I urge one decisive response: legislation to delay social media access until at least age 16. This requires robust age verification, strict time limits and phone-free zones among other measures we must explore. Policy may not change the human heart, but it can draw firm boundaries, reinforce social norms and give parents the authority to say, "not yet". Mr Deputy Speaker, as we strengthen support for all youths, we must be especially mindful of those who carry sharper and double burdens, our youths with disabilities. I first met this autistic boy when he was 16 and I was in my 20s, which is about 100 years ago. Over the past 25 years, I have been very blessed by this friendship. He has taught me what kindness is, what compassion looks like and what it means to have a childlike faith that never grows jaded. Through him, I learnt to see persons with disabilities with new eyes. My hope is that you, too, will have the privilege to get to know persons with disabilities, not the "hi-and-bye" kind of knowing, but the kind where you share meals, walk alongside them and do life together.”
“Social psychology shows that even witnessing online bullying can cause guilt, anxiety, fear and difficulty in forming a healthy sense of self. Our children live with this daily, even when they are not the direct targets. In this digital world, families remain the first line of defence. Conversations, clear limits and healthier alternatives matter, even amid work pressures. A child told his parents, "I wish I was your phone," reflecting the longing for their time and attention. It speaks volumes about the need for adults to model well and lead at home. There are encouraging examples. In Portland, a mother who refused to give her 10-year-old a smartphone revived a household landline. Within months, 15-20 families followed. What seemed old-fashioned turned liberating. Children greeted parents before calling friends, memorised numbers and listened attentively instead of scrolling while talking. It reminded me of my growing-up years, when picking up the phone meant looking forward to an engaging conversation where you can see the smiles and the frowns of the person across the line, and the pause as a friend thought to respond before they spoke. A 14-year-old girl shared her gratitude for her mom who restricted her use of social media, having witnessed the constant comparison that left many of her peers anxious. We must not miss this point. Youths turn to social media for connection, entertainment or relief from school and life pressures. That is why our approach to responsible use cannot be separated from supporting their mental health. Ironically, many youths turn to, as medicine, social media, often deepens the very struggle they try to escape.”
“Given the dynamics of school bullying, peer involvement is not optional. It is essential to the restorative journey. Singapore should review our anti-bullying programmes to glean lessons from such models and adopt a more holistic approach. One that not only addresses bullies but supports victims and reshapes school culture to protect and defend every child. Mr Deputy Speaker, if bullying exposes the vulnerabilities of school life, social media magnifies them. Social media today is not just a distraction, it has become a powerful force – shaping identity, relationships and the mental and physical well-being of our young. It influences how they see themselves and how they connect with others, and how they measure their own worth. An IMH survey in September 2024 revealed that one in three youths aged 15 to 35 experience severe, or extremely severe, depression, anxiety or stress. Among the key drivers are excessive social media use, body image concerns and cyberbullying. Where a child once found refuge at home, bullying now follows them into their bedrooms through their phones. The home, once a sanctuary, has become another battlefield. This is why I continue to urge delaying social media exposure until at least age 16. Around the world, governments are moving. France now recommends a ban on social media under 15, and other EU countries are exploring similar steps. Could the Government update us on its study of Australia's approach? A teen once told CNA that social media feels like "drugs under the disguise of harmless entertainment". If vapes harm physically, unregulated social media harms mentally and emotionally. Anonymous comments and unrealistic portrayals of life shape how our youths see themselves and others.”
“They work tirelessly and often go beyond the classroom to support our students. Rather, it shows that prevention cannot rest on teachers alone. Parents and peers must also be equipped, so they know how to respond and whether the student is the bully or the victim. Several youths have shared that they hold back from reporting bullying, not because they do not care, but because they fear being labelled a "snitch" or a "busybody". This silence allows harm to continue. A larger mindset shift is needed amongst students themselves, to see speaking up not as a betrayal, but as courage for standing for what is right. I would like to ask: first, will there be standardised training for students, parents and teachers on prevention and intervention? Second, can students report incidents safely and anonymously? If so, how? Third, are definitions of bullying versus mischief clear and when must cases be escalated to parents or MOE? The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO's) review shows that the most successful countries do not stop at passing clear laws prohibiting all forms of harm. They pair those laws with comprehensive interventions: age-appropriate equipping of students; training for every adult in the school environment – teachers, cleaners and canteen staff; strong support systems for victims and active engagement with parents. Finland's KiVa programme is a strong example. It mobilises pro-social classmates to stand with victims and empowers bystanders to intervene. Closer to home, upper primary students have shared that hearing peers talk about resolved bullying cases is especially powerful. It shows that they are not alone, that help is possible and that change can happen.”
“On social media, it is marketed as stylish and modern, while Singapore’s ban can seem, to them, as odd as our chewing gum prohibition. In the words of a 16-year-old, "Social media’s voice is way louder than the school’s.” Meanwhile, predators continue to adapt. In the UK, youths are already moving from vapes to nicotine pouches and snus. Alarmingly, some websites even advertise direct delivery to Singapore, in open defiance of our laws. As at 3.00 pm today, I am happy to read that the Health Science Authority and the Infocomm Development Agency have since blocked the said website. I had raised a PQ this past Monday. As guardians of our young, we must stay one step ready and ahead of this battle. Mr Deputy Speaker, many youths vape not only out of curiosity, but to cope with stress, boredom, relational and family conflict, or academic pressures. If we punish behaviours but ignore distress, we fail our children. That is why the battle against vaping cannot be separated from the broader fight for mental health, which I will return to later in my speech. Mr Deputy Speaker, if vaping reflects one form of pressure, another that cuts even deeper into the lives of our young is bullying, whether in the classroom or online. Bullying in schools, both physical and online, compounds the stresses our youths already face. Some victims may not even recognise they are being bullied, blaming themselves as "not enough". I thank Education Minister Desmond Lee and his team for spearheading efforts to review MOE's approach to tackling bullying in schools. It is worth noting from the National Institute of Education's survey that many students confide first in parents or friends, rather than teachers. This is not a reflection of our teachers' commitment.”
“At the same time, some youth workers have shared that uncertainty remains on whether they will be penalised if they step forward post-1 September, especially for probationers who cannot risk being marked for another offence. If those guiding our youths have questions, it will naturally be more difficult for our youths themselves to come forward with confidence. While swift enforcement is both necessary and commendable, we must also engage stakeholders working with youths, so that implementation is smooth and effective. If our intent is restorative, which I believe it is, then our public communications must clearly reflect this. I have also heard of secondary school students who were involved in selling vapes to classmates before 1 September. Can the Government clarify whether those who voluntarily surrender stock, not just the users, would also be supported if they step forward? Deterrence alone is not sufficient. In July this year, I was notified that a primary school boy in Dover was approached by an older youth to buy vapes, a shock to parents. National figures reinforce these fears. Students caught vaping jumped from 800 in 2022 to more than 3,100 each year between 2022 and 2024. Despite concerns raised in Parliament since 2021, the problem has worsened. Education and enforcement were attempted, yet numbers rose, and drug-laced Kpods slipped through. Before the ban, TikTok videos of youths vaping to music and dance went viral. Vaping became a flex, a social badge. It was normalised online, which partly explains its explosion in popularity. Our Internet-savvy youths also find overseas articles and even AI chat responses, portraying vaping as a “safer” alternative to cigarettes.”
“Mr Deputy Speaker, every youth matters. I have had the joy of serving in youth work for 25 years. For much of that time, I thought I understood our young friends. But I no longer think so. The gap of understanding has widened and I do not like it. Their world is far more complex, shaped by pressures and influences my generation never had to face. I do not have children of my own, though I have many godchildren who I love very much, including some entrusted to me in their parents’ wills, which means, if anything happens to their parents, the children come to me. Their young lives remind me constantly of the responsibility we share for the next generation. The fight for the health of our youths is not for the fainthearted. Singapore’s Total Defence prepares us for attacks by air, land, sea, cyber and even threats to our social cohesion. Yet, one dangerous enemy is often overlooked – the battle for our youths’ minds and hearts. If we fail to recognise this war, we cannot win it. Today, I will speak on five fronts that demand our urgent attention. First, vaping deterrence, an alarming trend among our youths. Mr Deputy Speaker, I thank the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Home Affairs and partner agencies for their tireless efforts to clamp down on Kpods and vapes. I also thank Minister Ong Ye Kung and Senior Minister of State Assoc Prof Faishal Ibrahim for addressing our recent Parliamentary Questions (PQs) and for the enhanced penalties announced on 1 September. I also appreciate the balanced approach that allows those who step forward to seek help to do so without fear of punishment.”
“An inclusive society ensures that every individual, regardless of ability, has the opportunity to contribute meaningfully. Employment is more than just an earning. It is about dignity, independence and social integration. Yet many persons with disabilities in Singapore continue to face significant barriers to securing jobs. The Enabling Masterplan sets an ambitious and necessary target – a 40% employment rate for PwDs by 2030, for which I am very, very grateful. Achieving this requires more than goodwill. It demands concrete action to remove barriers, equip individuals and foster inclusive workplace cultures. This is more than a social issue. It is also an economic imperative. Unlocking our workforce's full potential drives growth for businesses, strengthens communities and fuels national progress. With just five years remaining, what is MSF's strategy to accelerate inclusive employment and ensure that opportunities for PwDs are not just available, but actively created to meet this goal?”
“Chairman, AI is rapidly transforming industries, reshaping jobs and redefining essential skills. DBS Group's recent announcement to cut 4,000 jobs over the next three years highlights AI's growing impact. This shift is not limited to large enterprises. SMEs must also adapt to stay competitive. AI proficiency should be a universal workforce asset, not a specialised skill limited to a few. Education institutions are stepping up, with initiatives like Ngee Ann Polytechnic's Gen AI courses, equipping professionals with practical AI skills. Yet, SME adoption of such training remains uncertain. As AI reshapes the job landscape, how is the Government ensuring that businesses and the workers, especially in SMEs and vulnerable roles are prepared? What initiatives are in place to help the Workforce develop AI skills for productivity gains and how will workers in these sectors be supported through this transition?”
“As companies enforce return-to-office measures, many caregivers, especially single adults supporting elderly parents and parents of children with severe disabilities, face growing uncertainty. For them, flexible work is not a convenience but a necessity for balancing caregiving and financial stability. Single caregivers form the backbone of informal caregiving, often juggling full-time jobs at the cost of career progression and retirement security. Some are even forced to leave the workforce entirely. Since my 2022 speech on supporting single caregivers, we have seen progress. HDB now prioritises singles buying flats near elderly parents, and businesses must process flexible work requests, for which we are very grateful. Yet, these policies fall short of guaranteeing approvals, leaving caregivers in limbo. Likewise, for parents of children with severe disabilities, flexible work is essential, not a preference. Without firm policies, many risk losing employment. How will the Government ensure that caregivers, especially singles supporting elderly parents and parents of children with disabilities, can remain in the workforce while meeting their caregiving responsibilities despite return-to-office mandates? Updates on Tripartite Guidelines on Flexible Work Arrangement Requests”
“Chairman, burnout is a growing concern in Singapore, with 61% of workers experiencing it and 73% feeling stress weekly, according to recent studies. SMEs face even greater challenges, often lacking the resources to support employees' mental well-being. While larger firms can afford to provide mental health support and initiatives, SMEs struggle without dedicated infrastructure, leaving workers very vulnerable. I am grateful that the Government has introduced initiatives like the Total Workplace Safety and Health programme, offering free consultations, as well as HPB's integrated workplace mental health solution, which equips workplaces with wellness tools. Yet with burnout widespread, especially in SMEs, more targeted support is needed. How will the Government enhance mental health resources for SMEs that lack the capacity to manage these challenges effectively? Collective Workplace Safety/Health Performance”
“Chairman, MOM's November 2024 report highlights a decline in Singapore's residents' dependency ratio from 6.0 in 2014 to 3.5 in 2024, underscoring the growing financial strain on our workforce, especially in our senior care. Including non-resident workers raises the ratio to 5.2, easing some pressure, which I am very grateful for. While foreign talent is vital to our economy, it must contribute meaningfully through skills transfer or job creation for locals. Global hubs with regional hubs here not only attract skilled talent, but also generate local jobs and knowledge sharing opportunities. How can we continue attracting talent who will strengthen our workforce through upscaling and job creation? How do we ensure Singapore's workforce remains competitive in AI, green tech and advanced manufacturing? What steps can we better prepare our locals for future skills? Cross Deployment of Foreign Workers”
“Excessive social media use amongst adolescents has been linked to an increased risk of anxiety and depression. In Singapore, a study by the Institute of Mental Health (IMH) found that youths who spend more time – more than three hours daily – on social media are more likely to experience symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Addressing this issue requires a multifaceted approach involving families, schools and sustained interventions. One possible initiative is a disconnect to connect week, where students take a break from social media and engage in meaningful offline activities. While a short break may not change habits, it does encourage reflection on digital consumption and the wisdom to step away from online pressures. Given these concerns, what steps will the MOE take to promote youth mental health in schools, particularly regarding excessive social media use? Will it consider implementing a disconnect to connect week to support students' well-being? New Model of Assessment in Education”
“Chairman, Singapore has long engaged both international and local architects for major projects. Some key examples: Jewel at Changi Airport, Marina Bay Sands and South Beach Development. Countries, like China and Korea, initially collaborated with international firms but have since transitioned to having local architects spearhead significant developments. Given Singapore's strong global reputation in urban planning, taking a similar approach could further strengthen the local architectural and design sectors. Does the Government plan to entrust future major public projects solely to local firms, providing them greater opportunities to showcase their capabilities? Additionally, are there initiatives to uplift Singapore's architectural and building design industry? If so, what do these plans entail? Support for Heritage Businesses”
“— would it consider new funding to help innovative private enterprises scale and contribute to sustainability goals?”
“Many grants for Singapore's sustainability, sustainable food sector, such as NEA's Closing the Resource Loop Funding Initiative and SFA's Singapore Food Story, appear to prioritise public agencies and Institutes of Higher Learning. From a broader perspective, the application criteria and evaluation processes can make it challenging for private enterprises to access funding, especially at the critical stage of commercialisation. For instance, requiring a principal investigator's H-index and citation count may not be suitable for startups and private enterprises, which often avoid publishing research due to commercial sensitivities. Additionally, private enterprises are often required to partner public sector performers, leading to complex licensing negotiation that can hinder technology adoption and commercialisation. To fully harness Singapore's innovative potential, could the Government refine grants to better support local startups and SMEs at higher technology readiness levels, easing access to funding by reducing complexities or removing the requirement for public sector partners? If current grants primarily serve Institutes of Higher Learning and public agencies —”
“Chairman, in an era where social media influences how we consume news, foreign policy is no longer confined to the realm of diplomats; it is actively debated in homes, classrooms and online forums. Yet, global issues are becoming increasingly polarised, from the ongoing Israel-Palestine conflict to climate policies and shifting geopolitical alliances. Misinformation spreads quickly and public opinion can be shaped in moments. Many Singaporeans seek a clearer understanding of how our foreign policy decisions are made and a platform to voice their views. If we fail to engage proactively in the digital space, we risk allowing narratives that are inaccurate or misaligned with Singapore's best interests. Ultimately, foreign policy is about safeguarding our nation in an unpredictable world. With social media playing an even larger role in shaping public perception, how is MFA harnessing digital platforms to engage Singaporeans on foreign policy issues?”
“Chairman, while ASEAN's economy grew by an estimated 4.5% in 2024, we are confronted with pressing challenges that demand immediate attention. Three key trends in the region are particularly concerning. First, the growing economic disparity among ASEAN nations threatens our regional integration efforts. While countries like Singapore and Malaysia advance in manufacturing and digital services, nations, such as Myanmar and Laos, require increased support in infrastructure and digital connectivity. Second, the region faces increased pressure from global supply chain disruptions. The recent Red Sea shipping crisis, which caused freight costs to surge by up to five times, has severely impacted our export dependent economies. Third, despite ASEAN's commitment to digital transformation, a 2023 survey of 750 SMEs across ASEAN-5 found that three in four SMEs remain in the early stages of digitalisation. Given these challenges, I would like to ask: how can Singapore collaborate with fellow ASEAN member states and external partners to strengthen economic integration in the region? ASEAN's Centrality and Relevance”
“Chairman, Singapore stands at a pivotal moment in our foreign relations, particularly in balancing our ties with the US and China. As a small nation reliant on global stability, we must carefully navigate the intensifying competition between these two major powers. Our relationship with the US remains robust. In 2024, we renewed a long-standing agreement that grants US military access to our facilities, further cementing our security partnership. Economically, the US is also our largest foreign investor, with over US$600 billion invested in Singapore in 2023. At the same time, our ties with China are deepening and continue to grow. In 2023, the China-Singapore Free Trade Agreement was updated, enhancing cooperation in critical areas such as the digital economy and green technology. Singapore is also China's largest foreign investor and plays a pivotal role in the Belt and Road Initiative. However, challenges persist. The intensifying US-China rivalry over technologies like semi-conductors and artificial intelligence (AI) is creating significant uncertainty for businesses here. Companies in Singapore are grappling with the complexities of navigating regulations and trade restrictions from both sides. Geopolitical concerns are also rising. China's actions in the South China Sea and its economic practices have sparked apprehension among some Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. At the same time, despite initiatives like the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework, uncertainties persist regarding the US' long-term commitment to the region. Given the increasingly complex global landscape, how can Singapore continue to strengthen our bilateral relations with both the US and China, while safeguarding our independence and advancing our national interests?”
“Chairman, the Advisory Council on Community Relations in Defence (ACCORD) has long served as a vital bridge between Singapore’s defence sector and the broader community. It plays a critical role in garnering public support for our defence efforts, building trust and fostering understanding across various societal segments. Through ACCORD, we have seen active engagement with diverse groups, including ethnic communities, businesses and grassroots organisations. These efforts have not only heightened public awareness of our national defence needs but also encouraged active participation in Total Defence, ensuring every Singaporean understands their role in safeguarding our nation. Given the evolving security landscape, I would like to request an update from the Ministry of Defence on ACCORD, their initiatives and activities over the past year. How has ACCORD further strengthened its outreach and engagement with the community? Leveraging MINDEF and SAF Museums”
“Chairman, Total Defence is a shared responsibility. As we see in conflicts around the world, a nation’s strength and ability to defend itself rely on the collective power of its people. Our youths play a critical role in ensuring a secure and resilient future. Investing in youth participation in Total Defence is an investment in national stability. When young people take ownership of national resilience, they inspire others and foster a culture of preparedness that endures for generations. With this in mind, I would like to ask how MINDEF is fostering and enabling discussions on Total Defence, particularly with our youths? Round-up of Total Defence 2024”
“In the face of shifting global power dynamics and emerging security challenges, it is crucial for Singapore to continuously adapt and strengthen these relationships to preserve regional peace and security and safeguard the well-being of our citizens. In this context, I would like to request an update from MINDEF on the current state of Singapore's defence relations with key partners, particularly in strengthening cooperation and building strategic partnerships. How are we advancing our defence diplomacy efforts to address regional security challenges, especially in counter-terrorism and information sharing? What measures are being taken to further deepen these partnerships for Singapore's long-term security? Cooperation with Neighbours and ASEAN”
“Chairman, given the rapid geopolitical shifts and growing security challenges, maintaining strong defence relations is vital for national security, stability and peace. For small nations like Singapore, our security and prosperity are closely tied to navigating international complexities through defence diplomacy. Our approach to defence relations is based on the understanding that no country can tackle transnational threats, such as terrorism, cyberattacks or climate change, alone. In counter-terrorism, Singapore has closely collaborated with regional partners to share intelligence and expertise against the growing terrorism threat. Through initiatives, like the Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Terrorism (REACT), member countries exchange information, track terror group movements and disrupt terrorist plots. This collaboration has been vital in countering threats from groups, like ISIS, whose activities extend into Southeast Asia. Singapore's involvement has helped prevent attacks in the region and ensured our citizens' safety. Beyond counter-terrorism, Singapore has built strong defence ties with countries, like the US and Australia, to address emerging security challenges. Our cooperation with US includes joint operations and intelligence sharing to counter transnational threats, such as cyberattacks and weapon proliferation. Similarly, our partnership with Australia supports collaborative initiatives in humanitarian relief and peacekeeping. We have consistently worked to build a broad network of defence partnerships with like-minded countries to address these issues collectively. These partnerships strengthen Singapore's position as a reliable international partner, advance our interests and ensure our voices are heard globally.”
“By investing in the well-being of both seniors and their caregivers, we foster a community where dignity, compassion and mutual care are at the heart of our shared future. Mr Speaker, the challenges our seniors face in mental health are unique and complex, requiring solutions that are as individualised as their journeys. Our approach must be comprehensive and empathetic, starting with prevention through workplace support for those nearing retirement and continue with the community initiatives like the “Ibasho” model, empowering seniors to remain active and engaged members of society. For those in immediate need, we will strengthen our efforts through destigmatising, trauma-informed counselling and greater professional support. And just as importantly, we must prioritise and support the caregivers who are essential to the well-being of our seniors. Our seniors have built this nation with decades of hard work and sacrifice. Now, it is our turn to care for them, ensuring they deserve the mental health support they need. Let us build a Singapore where our seniors are not only respected but cherished, and where we provide them with the care, dignity and support that reflect the immense value they have brought to our society. The time to care for them is now, let us honour their legacy by ensuring they can age with the security and compassion they deserve. With this, Mr Speaker, I fully support Budget 2025, “Onward Together for a Better Tomorrow”. 6.23 pm”
“Seniors often feel "stupid" for falling victim to scams, compounding the emotional pain of losing their life savings. Fifth, deepening support for seniors and caregivers. To address the mental health and caregiving challenges facing seniors and their caregivers, we must take a holistic approach. First, training counsellors to effectively address grief and loss issues in the elderly is essential, recognising the unique emotional toll of ageing and the varied ways seniors process these emotions. Equally important is equipping caregivers with the skills to identify and manage mental health symptoms in seniors, especially those with high dependency needs, such as dementia. Caregivers often bear immense emotional and financial burdens, and we must provide more support. Many caregivers, particularly those who are the sole, unmarried children of the seniors, sacrifice their career and personal savings, often leading to financial insecurity in their own later years. I propose the Government to consider solutions like dedicated caregiver savings schemes, leveraging CPF contributions and providing financial assistance to families in need, as I raised in Parliament in 2022. Encouraging families to provide care over hiring foreign domestic workers should be supported through policy. Additionally, we must expand training and respite services for caregivers, ensuring affordable, accessible programmes and support. These services should also extend to foreign domestic workers, who play a critical role in dementia care and face high stress and burnout. Recent reports of elder abuse remind us that our workers need mental health support and training to care for vulnerable seniors.”
“Similarly, by positioning mental health as an essential part of overall well-being, we can break the stigma and promote proactive measures. To shift the narrative, we need culturally sensitive, language-specific and community- driven initiatives. We must meet seniors where they are, physically and emotionally, creating an environment where seeking help is seen as a strength and not a weakness. The question is, who should lead this change and what should the model be? This also calls for a community partnership model, one that involves religious organisations. Temples, mosques and churches are trusted spaces for many of our seniors. Training paracounsellors within these communities can provide support, and when religious leaders share their personal stories about mental health challenges, it not only humanises the issue but also encourages the congregants to seek help without fear of judgement. I encourage the Government to collaborate more closely with religious organisations in reaching out to our seniors. Fourth, addressing scam-induced psychological distress. This emotional toll of scams is often underestimated, leaving many seniors ashamed to seek help or confide in their families, resulting in isolation and distress. To address this, I propose empowering the Community Centre Teams as points of contact for seniors to report scams, offering a more approachable alternative to contacting the Police. Additionally, Police and community centers should partner with mental health professionals to provide trauma-informed counselling, helping victims regain confidence and dignity. Most importantly, we must educate families to respond with empathy, not blame, through public campaigns that emphasise support.”