Rahayu Mahzam
Singapore
“We engage the insurance providers quite regularly, but we are very mindful about where we intervene, especially because they need to be competitive and there is a commercial dimension to it, which we feel that we should respect. So, how we intervene is via the conditions that are put in place vis-a-vis the consumers.”
“So, that is not something they can worry about. There is already the S+3M framework that is already in place, so we know that MediShield Life is one, they have their MediSave and if all else fails, there is MediFund.”
“Should there be disputes over specific claims, policyholders can take it to the Financial Industry Disputes Resolution Centre (FIDReC), an independent and impartial institution that assists with insurance-related disputes.”
“It is just a symptom, so the underlying cost pressures still need to be addressed. The description that we had put earlier in the past is that it is a knot that we need to untangle; and that is something we are doing with a multi-pronged, with engagements with different parties and stakeholders.”
“I appreciate the Member's feedback. As I said earlier, this is something that we will continue to consider. But we do also have to appreciate that the information that we get is live, in terms of waiting times and all that.”
“But I do take the point and we are actually reviewing to see what is a meaningful way to put out this information so that the public can understand, so that we can all track properly whether the good health outcomes are a result of the efforts that we are making. I will take the feedback back and we will continue to review this.”
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“Would the Ministry consider providing support for those who wish to do so, perhaps through the proper curation of Continuing Professional Development courses? Legal Paraprofessionals in Singapore”
“Like other industries, the legal sector also has to transform in this changing economy. There is new technology available that could increase productivity and developing areas of law which firms could venture into to grow their business. I would like to ask about the efforts being done to help small and medium law practices to leverage technology to remain relevant, build internal capabilities and access regional opportunities. At the Singapore Academy of Law Annual Lecture last year, the Chief Justice commented that the profession’s response to legal technology has been lukewarm. He highlighted a 2017 study by the Law Society which found that only 9% of small and medium-sized law practices used technology-enabled productivity tools. There is, indeed, hesitation on the part of the small and medium firms because, unlike bigger firms, they cannot afford to dedicate resources and time to this effort in the midst of continuous and ongoing legal work. I appreciate the efforts with TechStart and the Future Law Innovation Programme (FLIP). However, perhaps the support could be enhanced with the provision of customised consultancy services to study work processes in that specific law firm so as to make a business case for adopting legal technology and appropriate proposals on the transition process which would address the firm’s unique needs. I also appreciate the Lawyers Go Global programme that could help law firms internationalise. In this regard, are there specific efforts to ensure lawyers and law firms can venture into new areas of law? Many small and medium firms may only be doing family law and general litigation in the domestic market. If they wish to access regional opportunities, they may need to develop new practice areas.”
“Having legal troubles is often an unexpected event, which many typically do not financially prepare for and litigation often is physically, emotionally and financially draining. So, when there is a need to commence action or defend a case in Court, it is common to hear of situations where the individual is financially stretched and has difficulties financing legal costs. The inability to finance one’s litigation could possibly result in the inability to pursue justice in a case. The Legal Aid Bureau, the Criminal Legal Aid Scheme and the legal clinics help to provide assistance to those who may not be able to afford to pay for legal advice or representation. I also welcome the amendment to the Legal Aid and Advice Act last year which sought to enhance the process and provision of legal aid to ensure access to justice. It is always a calibration, but I would like to ask if there are other efforts which could be put in place to ensure that persons of limited means continue to have access to legal aid. On this note, I would like to repeat the proposal I made before in this House to encourage and incentivise low bono efforts by lawyers. We have many lawyers already doing pro bono work, but this often comes at a cost to the lawyers' earnings. A law practice is also a business and would have overheads and operational costs, just like any other professional service. Bearing this in mind and considering the need to close some gaps, we may, therefore, want to cast our sights on a more sustainable solution which could be a win-win solution for all. I would, therefore, like to ask if MinLaw would consider developing a framework to support low bono efforts by lawyers to augment existing legal aid schemes? Legal Aid”
“The efforts taken in SG Secure to create awareness in the community and equip people with skills to respond to crises like terror attacks are commendable. The awareness on the ground of the importance of preparedness has been enhanced over the past few years. There is still some room though to develop the actual preparedness, for example, by encouraging more people in the community to go through training for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and on the use of automated external defibrillators. This could be coupled with efforts to build racial and religious understanding amongst the different communities in Singapore. At the international platform, we hear about the strength of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) waning. However, there are still instances of self-radicalisation occurring all around the world and, in particular, in Singapore. We, therefore, need to continue being vigilant and continue to "exercise those muscles" so that we remain prepared. The efforts in creating awareness and preparedness must continue as we learn lessons from incidents abroad and reflect on the instances of self-radicalisation in Singapore. Could MHA provide an update on the efforts carried out so far and the plans for SGSecure moving forward, as well as MHA's efforts in combating self-radicalisation?”
“Sir, in Malay please. (In Malay): [Please refer to Vernacular Speech.] Earlier this year, I had the opportunity to join Senior Parliamentary Secretary Amrin Amin in one of the outreach events for the Dadah Itu Haram campaign at the coffee shops within Bukit Batok as well as Changi Village. We joined several other volunteers, including representatives from the Singapore Muslim Women's Association (PPIS), to walk the ground and convey the anti-drug message to the shopowners and their customers. Such efforts are a good platform to get to know the community and obtain feedback. Through the session with Mr Amrin Amin, I found that, generally, many people are aware of this campaign and our community’s efforts to combat drugs. I realise that a lot of time and effort have been spent on this campaign and it appears to be successful. Although there is now a deeper understanding of the importance of staying away from drugs and numerous efforts to help drug abusers rehabilitate, there is still some concern about the number of Malay/Muslim abusers compared to other communities. Drugs do not only affect the abuser, but also the drug abuser’s family and children. The effort to combat drug abuse in our community must continue. Therefore, I would like to ask for further details about the Dadah Itu Haram campaign. What was achieved over the course of the campaign? Has there been any effort to measure its effectiveness? Are there other plans to enhance public education about these anti-drug efforts so that we can see a reduction in the number of drug abusers or a decline in the drug problem within our community? Rehabilitation for Low-income Hardcore Addicts”
“I sat on the Select Committee on Deliberate Online Falsehoods last year, and one issue that came up quite strongly was the use of online falsehoods to stoke communal and religious differences and cause disharmony. Of particular concern to me is the "slow drip" effect, as some falsehoods may play on existing "slow burn" issues, such as simmering communal tensions, to create more serious crises in the long run. We have seen social media being used to spread inflammatory messages that could cause tension among different communities and to share hate speeches. These conversations are then carried into the real world and can affect the way we interact with one another. The online space is also used to spread practices which may not be compatible with our local context. Sometime back, news broke about several foreign preachers being banned from preaching in Singapore for this reason. Foreign preachers, like Mufti Menk and Dr Zakir Naik, are popular online and their reach extends beyond physical space. 4.15 pm In light of the evolving online space and the importance of protecting social cohesion in Singapore, are there plans to further develop legislation or create other controls to safeguard our religious harmony? Segregationist Practices”
“The Smart Nation effort is a commendable one. It is necessary to keep up with the changing global developments and ensure that our citizens can benefit from updated technology, so that we can all enjoy a better quality of life. Smart technology can also be used to make society more inclusive. For example, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) is now trialing a new mobile app that makes it easier for people with special needs to travel. Still, some have expressed concern that we may be changing too fast and that there are vulnerable groups in our community who may not be able to keep up with the change. Some are concerned that the elderly may not be digitally savvy and will have difficulties adjusting to the changes. Others are concerned that low-income families may have limited access to new devices or even the Internet. We need to ensure that these groups are not left out and can, in fact, benefit from the Smart Nation initiatives. Could the Ministry give an update on the efforts taken so far and elaborate on how the Smart Nation can benefit the vulnerable groups mentioned above?”
“Someone shared a story with me once. A man came home and saw his helper at the playground with his children. They were having so much fun and he was jealous. It had been a long day at work and, at that moment, he felt like he was working so hard so that he could pay his domestic helper to have the life that he wants. It was a fleeting thought, but it reflected on how much he wished he could spend more time with his children. We all have aspirations and we want a better life for our families. We also have much to contribute to the economy and a meaningful job gives us a sense of purpose and drive. However, many of us also yearn for a work-life balance so we can spend time with our families. Employers play an important role in supporting Singaporeans in managing their work-life balance, including providing flexible work arrangements (FWAs) or supporting working fathers in playing more active roles at home. How will the Government encourage employers to play their part? I note there are schemes, such as the Enhanced Work-Life Grant. Have the measures been effective and what more could be done to encourage employers to foster a more family-friendly workplace culture? Supporting Working Parents”
“This combination of three important agencies within our community – the Council for the Development of the Singapore Malay/Muslim Community (MENDAKI), the Islamic Religious Council of Singapore (MUIS) and the People’s Association Malay Activity Executive Committees Council (MESRA) – with the support of other Government agencies, local Malay/Muslim bodies, professionals, academics, entrepreneurs and other individuals, it is hoped to produce efforts that can assist and support more members of our community so that they can progress further. I am aware that much is being done. I hope that more information can be shared so that we know more about the M3 efforts and the type of community involvement that is required. (In English): Singaporeans are intelligent and discerning people. Having one Budget with some perks will not necessarily sway people at elections. At the end of the day, the Government will be judged on how it has performed throughout the term and whether it has taken the effort to make life better for Singaporeans. The people want a Government that is responsible, cares, works hard and is transparent. These are reasonable expectations. However, nation-building and making lives better for Singaporeans require a collective effort. For us to breathe life into the various policies and schemes, we all need to take ownership. We can give constructive feedback to improve policies and their implementation. We can take action to close the gaps and be the change we want to see. I thank the Minister for Finance for the Budget Statement and for charting the plan for the nation. I hope for a whole-of-Government, whole-of-community approach in its implementation so as achieve the best for Singaporeans. Mr Deputy Speaker, I stand in support of the Budget.”
“While women here have access to education and jobs and we have representation of women in many key positions in leadership, there is still much that we can do. For example, there is some way to go to close the wage gap between men and women, to support women who return to the workforce after having children or when they transit from their caregiving roles by reducing structural barriers and to empower women to take up leadership positions. In doing all these, beyond setting numerical goals, it is important to get the whole community, men and women, on board to change cultural mindsets and progress together. Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, allow me to say a few words in Malay. (In Malay): [Please refer to Vernacular Speech.] We have witnessed many changes globally over the past few years. These changes will transform world economies and have an impact on our way of life. The Government is aware of this and has to transform our economy so that we can stay resilient and be able to compete globally and, at the same time, prepare to help our people during this challenging period of transformation. This year's Budget builds on past efforts in order to prepare our country and Singaporeans for the future. Singaporeans count on a Government that is sincere and cares for the people's well-being. This is undoubtedly the responsibility of any government. However, developing the nation and helping Singaporeans are a collective responsibility. Therefore, it is important that we all come together and work hand-in-hand in efforts that can be beneficial to society. Last year, the Minister in-charge of Muslim Affairs Mr Masagos Zulkifli charted a plan for the Malay/Muslim community in Singapore through M3.”
“Coco and her volunteers collected plastic cookie bottles from the public, washed them and donated them to various beneficiaries for reuse. The beneficiaries included bakers, eco-enzyme makers, gardeners, handicraft makers and zero-waste stores. In December 2018, this effort diverted 563 containers from going to waste. I would also like to mention Siti Noor Mastura, the winner of The Straits Times Singaporean of the Year 2018. In 2013, she started a non-profit group Back2Basic which delivers free groceries to beneficiaries, such as home-bound elderly. Noor is also a co-founder of Interfaith Youth Circle, which seeks to promote a better understanding of the role that faith can play in an increasingly divided world. Do you see the common thread in the stories I have shared? These community heroes are all women. That is not to say that there are no male heroes, but I would like to take this opportunity to celebrate the efforts made by our women activists and volunteers. There are many out there. They have defied traditional expectations and made great strides to change society’s preconceived notions and habits. We should continue to support them in this journey. I am particularly heartened by the announcement of the CPF top-up of up to S$1,000 for Singaporeans aged 50 to 64 who have less than S$60,000 retirement savings in their CPF accounts. This would greatly benefit many older women who were primarily caregivers who left the workforce early and hence do not have much by way of CPF savings. They worked hard to support the dreams of their children and sharing the Bicentennial Bonus with them is a meaningful way to recognise their contributions. On this note, I would like to touch on the status of women in Singapore.”
“It is common knowledge that there are many examples of everyday heroes who also contribute towards our growth as a community of care and contribution. I would like to share a few stories. One of these heroes is Magdalene Ong, the mother of 14-year-old Chalmers. Chalmers was diagnosed with mild to moderate autism when he was 18 months old. Magdalene was relentless in sending Chalmers for therapies and treatments, with the desire to find out his interests and gifts so that she could support him. Chalmers turned out to be a talented artist. Empowered by this experience, she felt the need to do something for special needs children from underprivileged families. She started organising sessions for many families with special needs children to expose them to art, music and sports. I was introduced to Magdalene by one of my residents, Anita, who told me that the group needed a space. I was more than happy to offer a room at the Bukit Batok East Community Club. The best part of the story is that the group has since formed a choir called the Singapore Special Voices. Since last year, they have been going to places like Alexandra Hospital and Bright Hill Evergreen Home for Dementia to spread cheer to patients and the elderly. Magdalene believes that the children can give back to society in their own way and is taking the effort to make that path for them. Another example of someone who has stepped up is Coco Oan Jia Xuan. Coco is a young environmentalist who is a resident of Bukit Batok East. In 2016, she started Project bECOme which aims to reduce single-use waste by engaging with businesses, organisations and members of the public. One of the programmes under this project is the CNY Container Donation Drive.”
“Often, it is a calibration, and it is sometimes hard to say if the help given is sufficient. Over time, after implementation, upon assessment of whether the support given has achieved its desired outcomes, and upon review of changing circumstances, there may be a need to adjust policies and schemes. It is imperative to ensure that the implementation of the various policies and schemes translates into effective solutions for people and there is always room for improvements. I am, therefore, glad to see the willingness of the Government to make the appropriate changes when necessary. On this point, I laud the announcements on CHAS. I had on previous occasions in this House asked for a review of CHAS. Many Members and I have highlighted the challenges faced by the elderly and the concern about recurring healthcare costs. CHAS was one scheme which could alleviate some of these issues. I am happy to note that there will be enhanced subsidies that would benefit more people. For the Budget to completely achieve its desired outcomes, everyone needs to play a part. This sense of responsibility and ownership is necessary if Singapore is to survive. The community needs to come together and do its part. We have many schemes and programmes in place, but there will always be gaps and those who fall through the cracks. The community plays an important role to complete the support network and close the gaps. There are many examples of people who have stepped up and took ownership by being the change that they want to see. Minister Heng Swee Keat spoke about the SG Cares movement, and I am happy to hear that there will be efforts to continue building on this movement.”
“Mr Deputy Speaker, over the past few years, the world has seen many shifts and changes which fundamentally affect our economies and way of life. It became clear that it could not be business as usual for Singapore and there was a need for the Government to chart out a transformation plan for our economy and our people. This came amidst addressing all the daily challenges of Singaporeans, like increasing cost of living, an ageing population, healthcare costs, concern over social inequality and struggles of the sandwich class. The daily struggles are real, and support needed to be given. But there was also a real need to nudge our people and our businesses to evolve so as to be prepared for the changing times and ensure a sustainable economy for the nation. This year's Budget has built on the past efforts to transform the economy and support Singaporeans through the changes. In a quick sensing exercise by the feedback unit Reaching Everyone for Active Citizenry @ Home (REACH) after the Budget announcement, several people gave feedback that this year's Budget is a compassionate one which makes provisions for those in need. There are clearly different views on the Budget, but the general sense was that it was generous in many ways, leading many to ask if it is an Election Budget. I believe that this Budget is a comprehensive one, which seeks to address current concerns that have been raised by Singaporeans but yet stay on track with the economic transformation which Singapore needs to undergo. The approach taken by the Government in giving social support has always been a targeted one, seeking to focus attention where support is really needed and to provide a solution that is sustainable.”
“I am confident that with the combined efforts of the Government and Singaporeans, a comprehensive social support network can be created. (In English): I think there are many good policies in place to help support ageing with purpose and dignity and in providing support for caregivers. It is time though that we take a whole-of-Singapore, a whole-of-community approach to help ensure the implementation of such policies addresses the needs of those they are meant for and that the gaps are plugged. I stand in support of the two Motions.”
“She could not work as she was caring for her mother fulltime. She failed to note that selling her flat would make her lose her priority. Her mother subsequently passed away and now she is hoping to stay in the same area as her sisters live there, too. The chances of this happening are now much lower. This may be a situation where some discretion could be exercised. I appreciate that agencies do exercise discretion at times and accede to requests in various circumstances, and I hope that this approach is maintained and enhanced. Mr Speaker, in Malay, please. (In Malay): [Please refer to Vernacular Speech.] Today, we are debating two Motions that call for a whole-of-Singapore effort to ensure that Singaporeans are able to age with purpose and dignity, and also to ensure support for caregivers is strengthened. When we speak of caregivers, it is important to ensure that any assistance rendered should also include caregivers to children and disabled adults. A host of challenges will certainly begin to occur when one reaches his or her golden years. We have seen the advent of issues related to employment, housing, medical costs as well as caregiving. The Government is aware of this situation and has already taken steps by implementing certain schemes like the WorkPro Job Redesign Grant, Special Employment Credit and CHAS that can help overcome several aspects of the challenges faced by seniors. At the same time, assistance is also available to provide some kind of support to caregivers, like FDW levy concessions and the Work-Life Grant. However, in order to ensure the effectiveness of all available schemes, we must constantly review the assistance rendered and continue to work with all stakeholders, for instance, employers, in order to keep on enhancing the support provided.”
“At this juncture, I would like to add that although the focus of this Motion is on the needs of the caregivers of the elderly, I hope that attention is also given to caregivers with children with special needs or persons with disabilities. As a parent of a child with special needs, I can empathise with the challenges. These challenges are compounded in certain circumstances. For example, I have several residents who have more than one child with special needs. I know one parent who has three children with special needs. She is a single mother and needs to work to sustain the family. She has two helpers out of necessity. She is not wealthy but appears to be managing well. But sometimes, things get challenging. One time, there was a change of helper and the new one was not able to handle her disabled children. It was tough for her to manage work and the household during that period. It is not easy to come up with a complete solution to support caregivers. But one aspect we could look at is how we can work with employers to encourage FWAs in the office. I appreciate that there are existing grants available but, perhaps, a more targeted push could be made to increase the adoption of the grant. I would also ask for greater flexibility and compassion in assessing eligibility for various schemes. There are, understandably, criteria and rules in place to regulate the assessment. However, there may be situations where we need to exercise more discretion. Recently, a resident sought assistance to be eligible for the Senior Priority Scheme in her application for a 2-room flexi flat. She was eligible initially but had subsequently sold her flat as she was caring for her elderly mother and needed to liquidate some of her assets to pay for their expenses.”
“I would have to though reflect the sentiments on the ground of the concerns regarding the regular medical costs that elderly residents have to incur. The CHAS cards are very precious and meaningful for the seniors, and the scheme goes a long way in helping them with their expenses, especially for those who have to seek regular medical treatment. I would, therefore, request that some adjustments be made, for example, to raise the income ceiling, so that more elderly residents could qualify for CHAS, or to increase the subsidies available within the scheme. Mr Speaker, I would like to touch on another challenge in relation to ageing, that is, caregiving. I fully support the call to the Government and the community to continue strengthening the support for caregivers. In this regard, I would like to highlight the struggles of the sandwich class, who have to take care of both their elderly parents and their young children. Often, in these families, the husband and wife are working and they rely on FDWs and childcare services. I acknowledge and welcome the support for these families, like the working mother subsidies and relief and the FDW levy concessions. The daily routine can already be rather draining, especially if the elderly need regular medical attention. It gets more challenging when what I call the “expected unexpected event” takes place, such as when a child falls sick, the helper decides to go home, or a sudden project needs to be attended to at work. At times, all that can go wrong can go wrong at the same time. And this can happen fairly regularly.”
“Once, my grassroots leader told me that he overheard two elderly ladies talking after an event. One of them was looking for a toilet and the other one said, "See, I told you to wear a diaper. My children bought me a few packs and I am using them. It’s so convenient". It is clearly a personal choice. On one hand, I was amused and heartened by the lady's candour and outlook on life. She did not let her situation get in the way of her being active. The point is that though there are some physical challenges when one gets older, challenges that robs you of your dignity, enthusiasm and interest in participating in activities. It is thus important that we continue to ensure that our living environment is made suitable to alleviate some of these challenges. The proposal is, therefore, for the agencies to continue to look at the design of common spaces and take into account the challenges of the ageing population. For example, the agencies could ensure that there are more toilets and benches in parks near senior fitness corners or other common spaces so that we can improve the living environment for the elderly and encourage them to keep active. I move to my third point on healthcare costs. I would like to specifically touch on the Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS). In a previous speech earlier last year, I had shared about the frequent appeals I have seen for an upgrade to the blue CHAS card and called for a review of this scheme. I am happy that at the National Day Rally last year, the Prime Minister announced that the scheme would be extended to all Singaporeans with chronic ailments, regardless of their income. This is, indeed, a welcome move. I appreciate that much funds have been poured into this scheme.”
“To ensure that Singaporeans, now and in the future, are able to age with purpose and dignity, I believe we should look at ensuring that there would be options for different living arrangements. One option is group homes or retirement homes with AL facilities, something mentioned by my colleague, Ms Joan Pereira, earlier. I believe this is where we can take a whole-of-community approach and encourage developers from the private sector to step up. I note that there was an attempt at this model with one of the developments at Jalan Jurong Kechil, which is in my estate. The development was slated to be a potential retirement village. The idea was noble but, now that it is developed, many have questioned whether it is just a typical condominium as there were no real guidelines on who the units were sold to. We may want to revisit and refine this model. The Ministry of National Development (MND) or HDB and MOH could support these efforts by revising guidelines to enable and promote the setting up of group homes or retirement homes with AL facilities in the private sector. This could mean creating a new strata title category and legislation which could ringfence non-seniors from purchasing such properties and deal with the conversion or transfer of ownership upon demise of the owners. On a related point, MND or HDB and MOH may want to consider doing a trial of the group homes for frail seniors in the public housing estates. This could mean, as Ms Joan Pereira mentioned, converting several HDB units to form a group home with AL facilities. This may be one way where the seniors could stay within familiar areas and be close to their families. The other aspect of the living environment is the design of common spaces.”
“I believe though that, as a community, we can and must continue to work towards combating any discrimination against older workers and create an even more conducive job market for them. There is a need to continue to support and encourage employers to see the benefits of employing older workers and guide them towards redesigning jobs and creating work arrangements that could be a win-win for all. There may be a need for a little handholding and a deeper understanding of the demands of the specific sectors. I, therefore, propose a sector-based approach with consultancy services where employers can be guided towards redesigning or creating suitable jobs for seniors that would benefit the business and the industry. The Government could work with unions, grassroots leaders or other industry stakeholders to create support platforms that would help push and further encourage the adoption of existing grants and schemes so that more seniors can be employed. These platforms could also incorporate opportunities for open discussions with older workers about the needs of the industry or sector so that we could also work towards shifting mindsets of older workers and manage their expectations. I believe that with a little more effort and support, we can change the current job landscape for our older workers. The second point I would like to touch on is the living environment for the elderly. In this regard, it is noted that the approach taken with the Kampung Admiralty development is very commendable. Moving forward, we would also have to consider the fact that the elderly group is quite diverse and may have different needs and preferences, depending on their family make-up and their financial situation.”
“I would like to share some perspectives on three areas relating to ageing – employment, living environment and healthcare costs. Firstly, in respect of employment. I trust many of us, as Members of Parliament, would have received requests for assistance from seniors regarding their employment. Many of my older residents who have come to see me shared their challenges either in staying employed or finding a new job. Some need to stay employed as they still need to pay for their living expenses. Some want to remain active and engaged. Many are usually still capable of working, have a wealth of knowledge and experience and can still contribute to various industries. I believe, at times, there are mismatched expectations. I have heard feedback from some employers who have concerns about hiring seniors. It may be less cost-effective to employ an older worker who expects the same amount of pay that he or she is used to but may not be able to accept a bigger scope of work. The inherent assumption is that a younger employee who is hungry for a challenge may be less demanding and be willing to put in extra hours, for less pay. Further, there may be difficulties promoting and advancing the careers of younger employees if the older workers do not "make space". In this regard, the Government’s efforts in introducing various policies and schemes over the past decade have helped. The WorkPro Job Redesign Grant and Age Management Grant, the Special Employment Credit and Additional Special Employment Credit and WIS have helped to alleviate some challenges the elderly face at work. I acknowledge that without all these policies and schemes, the employment situation for the elderly workers may be more challenging.”
“Recently, I attended a focus group discussion on youths, and a volunteer shared that one of the children he was supervising at an after-school care centre told him that he was offered drugs by a group of men, presumably addicts, on his way back from school. Apparently, this is not an uncommon story in that particular area, and other participants in the group also shared about young people they know who had access to drugs. These young people may not have the maturity or savviness to respond appropriately to the influences. I am, therefore, pleased that efforts are being made to curb the irresponsible conduct of exposing and giving drugs to young people, and those who commit these acts that could ruin the future of our young ones would receive the necessary punishment. I believe that the implementation of this Bill will preserve our strong anti-drug position and allow for a more meaningful management of misuse of drugs in Singapore. I stand in support of this Bill.”
“I appreciate that some may see this as a softening in the approach towards addicts. The fear is that addicts may not be deterred from abusing drugs because the penalty is not harsh enough and that these addicts can continue to be stuck in a loop and will remain social problems for the community. I can appreciate these concerns. However, I believe that the targeted approach in building on the rehabilitation efforts could be a better long-term solution. The effort in studying the rehabilitation process and building on our experience with drug rehabilitation centres can strengthen the rehabilitation regime and allow for more addicts to break the habit and have a new lease of life. In addition, I am also not sure if we can say that imposing harsher penalties will yield better results. What we want to achieve is a drug-free society, a society that is resilient and improves over time. Whether we like it or not, these addicts are part of our community. The better option may be to work at the problem at its roots and break the addiction to the best of our ability, by providing the best recovery pathway and community support. I am, therefore, supportive of the proposed changes in this Bill that will allow for more focus on rehabilitation and reintegration of drug abusers into the community. The other aspect of this Bill which I would like to commend on are the provisions relating to the criminalisation of acts of contamination and acts exposing children and permitting young children to consume drugs. In the course of my volunteer work in the past, I have come across anecdotes of children of addicts or those who live in the vicinity of drug abusers. These unfortunate young people are more likely to be influenced and entrapped into the unsavoury world of drug addiction.”
“Tough laws are important in instilling fear to commit crime, described in English as having a deterrent effect. However, with a harsh and lengthy punishment, it will be more difficult for an addict to return to the workforce and reintegrate into society. I hope that through experience, data and knowledge about rehabilitation, we can enhance the rehabilitation programmes in drug rehabilitation centres and continue giving support, if necessary, after the addict is released. I think that this amendment, which carries a specific approach towards addicts with the objective of reforming them, is an encouraging one. It is hoped that this approach, as well as the joint efforts of our people, will help former addicts and their families continue to strengthen efforts to curtail the drug problem in Singapore. I support the amendment. (In English): Mr Deputy Speaker, in English. Singapore has always had a tough anti-drug stance and it is a position I fully support. I believe this Bill can further enhance the management of the misuse of drugs and addiction in Singapore. In particular, I note that in this Bill, there is a targeted and calibrated approach towards pure abusers who do not commit other concurrent offences. I appreciate the refreshing approach towards the issue of drug addiction. I have seen personally how challenging breaking the habit is for drug addicts and how severe addiction adversely impacts families. Drug addiction is the root cause of many social problems and it is important that we give enough attention to rehabilitation efforts. I am glad that the Ministry is working towards strengthening the rehabilitation regime and I hope that this effort translates into further reductions in the recidivism rates among addicts.”
“Mr Deputy Speaker, allow me to begin my speech in Malay. (In Malay): [Please refer to Vernacular Speech.] I had relatives who were involved in drug addiction. I have personally seen how the drug problem can destroy someone's life and affect the family of the addict. I understand and frequently hear about the challenges faced by addicts and their families. We often discuss the drug problem in terms of statistics, policies or programmes. But the reality is very different for the addict and his family. As the Malay saying goes, as hard as it is to watch, it is even harder to the one shouldering the burden. It is certainly difficult when one makes a mistake and falls into drug addiction. It is extremely tough to kick the destructive habit, and the impact of the addiction can also affect the lives of families and the future of innocent children. What usually happens is that when the addict leaves the rehabilitation centre, he finds it hard to return to normal life. Sometimes, these addicts have a hard time finding suitable jobs or they encounter challenges at the workplace due to stigma from society. They will once again look for friends who will lead them back to drugs or they begin to get involved in other crimes to sustain their nasty habit. It will be more complicated and more difficult to help the addict return to the right path. It will be good if we can stop this addiction and help former addicts rebuild their lives early on. Therefore, I truly welcome this amendment which remains firm with anti-drug efforts, and yet at the same time, will hopefully further strengthen efforts to rehabilitate drug addicts. I agree that all the current legislation in place has done much to help prevent the drug problem from becoming prevalent.”
“Speaker, I have a question for the Minister for Communications and Information. I appreciate that the cybersecurity regime and ecosystem are a fairly relatively new frontier. I am just wondering, as part of our review and assessments, whether we look to the practices and systems in other countries and whether we benchmark ourselves against the technological capabilities as well as rigour and practices in those countries?”
“Question No 32. The Senior Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for National Development (Ms Sun Xueling) (for the Minister for National Development): The Housing and Development Board's (HDB's) public rental flats cater to households with no viable housing options or family support. In the last two years, an average of about 7,300 households requested for rental flats each year. The demographic and socio-economic profile of these households is varied. Ninety percent had a household income of $1,500 or less. Seventy percent applied alone or as a pair. About 40% were divorced or widowed, and a similar proportion were married. Applicants cited various reasons for needing rental housing, such as the inability to afford a flat after divorce or due to loss of employment or medical issues. Close to half of the households in public rental have owned an HDB flat before. The most common reasons for unsuccessful applications include having sufficient budget to buy a flat, not meeting the citizenship requirement, or having family support for alternative accommodation. In cases where family support is not forthcoming, HDB will refer them to a Family Service Centre for mediation or counselling assistance. If mediation is unsuccessful, and the applicants cannot afford to buy a flat, HDB will be prepared to offer an interim rental or a public rental flat.”
“I thank the Minister of State for the comprehensive answer. I just wanted to explore a little bit on the possibility of actually looking into studies. I appreciate the challenges and the concerns in making sure our workers are put into formal employment. But there are concerns for those who are in informal employment. They already have other challenges and, usually, a lot of them are in transition as they are trying to get into better jobs. But in the midst of training, they will need income to assist their families. So, the reality of life is that they do require some support, although there is some other assistance. It is still quite hard to meet their daily demands, especially so with the rising costs. I am wondering if we could at least look into it and have some studies in some way where we could use WIS as a motivator so that they can be recruited into formal employment eventually.”
“I thank the Senior Minister of State for the comprehensive answer. I just wanted to ask, in particular, in relation to the assessment on the effectiveness of the measures that we have put in place. I think in the food industry, some of the difficulties faced include the high turnover of staff who are handing the food and working in the restaurants. I am wondering if we are also looking at the assessment of how the food preparation is done and where are the specific areas where there are lapses, especially in terms of training. When staff members leave, they need to retrain and make sure that consistent standards are held. And I am wondering if there are efforts in looking at the food preparation process in the different food establishments, to see whether we can improve on training and in making sure that the consistency is maintained in the whole course of the restaurant's lifespan when they are running the business.”
“Deputy Speaker, I thank the Second Minister for the answer. It is still early days yet, but I think a lot of people are encouraged with this initiative, especially since it is coming in the midst of the ongoing debate about social inequality. I raised the issue about the young children as well as youths because I see a particular opportunity for us to uplift children in that group. I am very happy to hear that the task force will be looking at all age groups. In particular, I was just wondering if the task force would also consider reviewing the existing support structures, especially in respect of the area of mentoring, because I think that is a growing area. There are a lot of things that we can study and look into. And that is one opportunity for us to be able to build the support network, social capital and use our youths as our assets, especially in building motivation and resilience for other young people in the community.”
“Mr Deputy Speaker, I believe this Bill is a step in the right direction. I stand in support of the Bill.”
“I am hopeful that this discretion would allow for more deserving applicants to receive help even though they may not meet all the prescribed means requirements. On a separate note, in the effort to enhance access to justice and close the gaps, I believe one strategy is to encourage and incentivise low pro bono efforts by lawyers. We have already many lawyers doing pro bono work. But this often comes at a cost to the lawyer’s earnings. I know people joke about how much a lawyer earns. But the truth is that not all lawyers are mercenary and not all lawyers earn big profits. A law practice is also a business and would have overheads and operational costs, just like a medical practice or other professional services. In fact, the legal fraternity also has to go through industry transformation like other industries in Singapore. Bearing this in mind, and considering the need to close some gaps, we may, therefore, want to cast our sights on a more sustainable solution which could be a win-win solution for all. At the Opening of the Legal Year this year, Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon, proposed a family law assistance scheme. The idea is to develop a low bono model to increase access to legal services for those in the sandwich class who are embroiled in family disputes. This is a meaningful suggestion which is being looked into. There may also be a further need to incentivise lawyers with Continuing Professional Development (CPD) points to recognise them for efforts in pro bono as well as low bono work. I hope there would be more support in thinking about and developing such low bono models that could allow for more to benefit from getting proper legal advice and aid, but which could also support the legal sector.”
“These grievances may be adopted if we take the PCHI and AV assessment methods wholesale. Would there be some way of addressing some of these issues head-on and provide for appropriate deductions or exceptions at the outset? I am not suggesting that the assessments are made less rigorous. I believe it is important to check properly and only grant aid to those who truly deserve it. However, if we already know that the applicant may be facing some difficulties, perhaps we could account for these situations, subject to the provision of some basic evidence. The other issue that is often raised as a pain point is the eligibility for legal aid. Could there be adjustments to the limits of the prescribed means test to allow for more to qualify for legal aid? Having legal troubles is not something one often plans for or expects. It is not a habit to set aside savings for legal costs. So, when there is a need to commence an action or defend a case in Court, it is common to hear of situations where the individual is financially stretched and has difficulties financing his or her legal costs, even though he or she may be earning a decent income. In recent times, there have been calls for more legal assistance to be given to the sandwich class. I appreciate that a line has to be drawn somewhere and we will not be able to help everyone. However, we should endeavour to help as many as possible and we need to look at some measures to be able to address this gap. I am, therefore, grateful that there are provisions in this Bill to give the Minister discretion to grant legal aid if it is deemed just and proper. I believe there will be guidelines for the proper exercise of this discretion.”
“I also know of lawyers who would do pro bono or low bono work to assist clients who may not be able to afford legal costs. However, there are existing challenges within the current framework in the provision of legal aid and advice. Therefore, this Bill is a welcome move and the opportunity to discuss this matter today is much appreciated. One of the issues often raised is the means-testing process that is currently in place. The assessment process calls for much information and numerous documents to be provided. This can be overwhelming and daunting for the applicant. At a time when they most need help and are most likely preoccupied with significant matters happening in their lives, the requirement to prepare copious documents before they can get help, adds to the stress. This requirement also often delays the process because the applicant would need to set aside time to look for and prepare the documents. I am, therefore, very pleased to note that the Bill proposes to give the Ministry the flexibility to establish new means criteria to be set out in the subsidiary legislation. I note the Ministry’s efforts in reviewing the means criteria, to update and simplify the criteria. I also note that the plan is to align the means criteria to those commonly used in current social support schemes. While I understand the need for alignment, there are already concerns with the existing means criteria. For example, in determining PCHI, we have heard some grievances of those who have children or relations living in the same address but not contributing to the household income. Also, in considering the AV of a property, it would be pertinent to note that there may be people who are residing in a private property not as a luxury but because of their circumstances.”
“In the Bill currently before us, there are proposals to establish new means criteria that have been updated and will simplify the application for legal aid. I support the proposal. It is hoped that with these new criteria, the application process can be shortened. I also hope that the criteria that will be established can be scrutinised so that more people can be helped. On this note, another matter that is often raised is the eligibility for legal aid. Having legal troubles is not something one often plans for or expects. So, when one needs to commence action or defend a case in Court, he or she may face difficulties financing the legal costs, even though he or she may be earning a decent income. At the moment, LAB is constrained by the Act in its present form and can only provide assistance to those who can fulfil the prescribed criteria. I am, therefore, grateful that amendments have been proposed to allow discretion in granting legal aid to those who may not completely fulfil the prescribed criteria, but nonetheless still require help. Certainly, there should be guidelines for the proper exercise of this discretion. I am hopeful that this discretion will be used judiciously and can benefit more people who may be going through a difficult time in their lives. (In English): Access to justice, regardless of social standing or financial ability, is a cornerstone of our legal framework in Singapore. Efforts must be made to overcome issues of cost, delay or complexities of the legal system that may hinder access to legal advice or the ability to present one's case in Court. In Singapore, we have legal clinics, the LAB and CLAS to partly address the need for access to justice.”
“Mr Deputy Speaker, I declare that I am a lawyer in private practice. Allow me to begin my speech in Malay. (In Malay): [Please refer to Vernacular Speech.] One of the key principles of our legal framework in Singapore is access to justice. This means that one should have the right to obtain legal advice and present one’s case in Court regardless of social standing or financial ability. This right should not be hampered by high legal costs or complex administrative processes. Therefore, efforts must always be made to ensure that support is available to those who require legal aid. In Singapore, we have legal clinics, where the public can access general legal aid for free. We have the LAB that can provide assistance for civil cases like divorce cases and there is also CLAS for criminal cases. I also know of lawyers who sometimes would do pro bono or low bono work to help their clients who may have difficulties in paying the full legal costs. The types of assistance I mentioned earlier have more or less helped to address concerns about the issue of access to legal aid. However, there are existing challenges that deserve some attention. Today, we are debating specifically on the Bill for legal aid and advice that will form an administrative guide for LAB, which handles legal aid for civil cases. One of the concerns often raised is the process of means-testing someone before legal aid can be provided by LAB. Currently, when applying for legal aid, there are numerous details that must be provided and documents to prepare. This process can be daunting. It also takes time and causes the means-testing process to be further delayed.”
“I also feel that the enforcement approach could be in phases, with the issuance of a warning first. In any case, the legislation would send a strong message about the seriousness of the matter and deter residents from smoking at the windows or balconies. At the end of the day, I feel that public education is the most important in encouraging people to embrace the importance and value of a smoke-free environment. I truly appreciate the current efforts already in place. One message we could amplify is the impact of smoking on others. Smokers do not appear to appreciate the value of the rules in place but are, rather, only triggered by the fear of enforcement. The softer and tandem approach of educating and supporting them to quit smoking should be enhanced and amplified to reach out to more. I understand that there are many challenges, and I truly appreciate the effort and multiple approaches taken by the Ministry and NEA in tackling the issue. Deputy Speaker, I stand in support of this Bill.”
“In light of the feedback mentioned above, I believe there is still some way to go for us to look into beefing up enforcement and, more importantly, educating people about the efforts in creating a smoke-free environment for all, especially our future generation. I would like, therefore, to seek some clarification on the current strength of the enforcement team. I note the efforts in recruiting volunteer enforcement officers. I would like to know if there is a sensing of the enforcement capacity required to match the growing smoke-free areas. Would the current capacity be sufficient to deal with the patrolling and enforcement that need to be carried out at the new specified places where smoking will be prohibited? If not, what are the efforts to build on this capacity? Has the current effort in tapping on volunteers been successful? In relation to the issue of smoking in residential homes, are there any enhancements to rules that could be put in place to regulate the conduct of smokers in private spaces which impacts on others? I understand that this is extremely difficult to control and there are various views on the matter. There are residents who feel strongly that there should not be regulation that impinges on what they can or cannot do at home. However, I feel that what needs to be emphasised is the adverse impact on others. In this regard, could we consider some penalties when second-hand tobacco smoke is expelled out of a residential home? I understand that the matter is not quite straightforward. For example, the enforcement of this would require evidence which may be tricky to obtain. I feel though, if someone repeatedly commits the offence, it would be possible to track the unit from which the smoke comes from and issue a notice.”
“So, this resident had to constantly close his windows and stuff a cloth at the bottom of his main door, just so that the smoke does not travel into his unit. He begged for the managing agent, MSCT and NEA to intervene. There was little that could be done, save for advising and encouraging the neighbour to stop smoking from the window. The situation improved after some time but would recur once in a while. My grassroots leaders and the managing agent would try their best to assist to address the feedback whenever it is raised. But this is clearly not the most ideal resolution of the matter. The second issue that I would like to highlight is the lack of cooperation of smokers in the absence of enforcement. From the feedback that I have received on the ground, smokers do not appear to comply with the rules and can be quite defiant when reminded by others not to smoke in certain places. Some can be seen smoking in the parks within the housing estates and, when told not to do so by passers-by, will arrogantly state that there is no one around to issue them the summons. I have received this feedback from many residents and friends. Related to this point, there seems to be a lack of understanding about the rules relating to smoking in sheltered walkways or drop-off points. Some smokers seem to think that when it rains, it is unreasonable to disallow them to smoke in covered spaces when it is raining. I have received feedback from people who see smokers at sheltered walkways during the rain and also appeals from those who feel that they should not be penalised if they were caught smoking while seeking refuge from the rain.”
“Mr Deputy Speaker, I would like to, firstly, commend MEWR as well as NEA for all the efforts thus far in gradually extending smoke-free areas in Singapore. This is clearly not good news to all the smokers. But for the majority who crave for clean air wherever they go, the national effort in creating and promoting a smoke-free lifestyle in Singapore is a welcome one. I would like to take this opportunity though to convey some of the issues on the ground reflecting the challenges in the enforcement of the Act as it stands, together with the proposed amendments. Firstly, a common complaint that many of us, as Members of Parliament, would have received is the feedback on the smoking occurring within residential units. This issue, which had been discussed in Parliament before, was also raised by my colleagues earlier. Smoking within residential homes is understandably not prohibited. In fact, with all the extension of smoke-free areas, the home is probably one of the few spaces left for the smoker to smoke in peace. However, the problem occurs when the resident smokes while standing at his or her window or balcony. The smoke, and often the ash, travel to his or her neighbours’ homes. This causes much grievance to other residents in the block. I recall that one of my residents who complained about this issue lamented that it is ironical that with so much regulation to create a smoke-free environment in public spaces, he and his family members are unable to enjoy a smoke-free environment in their own homes. On one occasion, I received a poignant plea from a resident living in a condominium. He is a lung cancer survivor and is naturally concerned about breathing in passive smoke. His neighbour, however, has a habit of smoking at his window.”
“It is also likely that the claims for personal injury and property damage are likely to be of a small quantum and the current process and cost of filing a civil claim for personal injury could be prohibitive in nature. It might be useful to consider if personal injury claims below $20,000 can be decided at the Small Claims Tribunal. In any case, it would be prudent, as part of the education, for PMD users to be informed of insurance available. Active mobility is a lifestyle choice and it must be supported by a culture of graciousness and considerate behaviour on the part of all users of public paths. All path users, be it the cyclists, PMD or PAB users or pedestrians, have a part to play to create a safe mobility culture in Singapore. I note that there had been some grouses on the ground from riders regarding the rules on modification and speed limits. I believe there would be continued efforts in educating the public about the need to be safe on the public paths so that they may appreciate the importance of these pieces of legislation and work together to build a positive culture within our community. Mr Speaker, notwithstanding my comments, I support the Bill.”
“There are also proposed amendments to sections 30-34 of the Act to extend the scope of the ban on display, requirement to issue warning notices, advertisement and sale of non-compliant devices and vehicles. I note that during the last debate in this House before the Active Mobility Bill was passed, there were some discussions regarding online sales and the challenges of enforcing these provisions on those sales. I note the Ministry’s position during the debate. I also note that this legislation relates to conduct in the course of business and does not currently seem to cover individuals who advertise their products through social media or through platforms like Carousell. I would like to seek clarification on this. If it does not cover individual sellers and those who carry out sales online, would the Ministry consider extending these provisions to address such sales? There were also some discussions previously on compulsory insurance for riders of mobility devices or vehicles. I would like to revisit this point again. I believe that if PMDs and mobility vehicles are here to stay, we may want to reconsider setting up requirements for compulsory insurance by the owners and riders. In 2017, it was reported there were 128 accidents involving PMDs on public paths. When such accidents take place, they inadvertently result in injuries and property damage. However, currently, the riders and users of PMDs or mobility vehicles are unlikely to be insured. If they are found to be personally liable for the damages and do not have funds to cover payment for compensation or injuries and damages, the injured pedestrian may be left out in the cold. Compulsory insurance is, therefore, protection for both the rider and the injured pedestrian.”
“Mr Speaker, I would like to focus my comments on the amendments to AMA 2017. The AMA is an important piece of legislation that has allowed our society to take another positive step towards achieving the vision of a car-lite Singapore, with a sustainable public transportation system that is affordable, convenient and efficient for Singaporeans. PMDs, PABs and bicycles have enabled Singaporeans, young and old, to get around with ease, improving first- and last-mile connectivity. The little to no emissions also lead to a cleaner and healthier living environment. However, pedestrians, cyclists and users of PMDs and PABs with differing needs are now using public paths that were predominantly used by pedestrians. It is, therefore, critical that a good balance is struck between the diverse needs of the various users. The AMA paved some way towards regulating the conduct of the different users of the public paths. However, months after the enactment of the Act, there is still much buzz on the ground about the issues faced by various path users. This proposed Bill, which brings with it more specific legislation, is, therefore, important. I would like to make some brief comments on them and revisit some of the issues raised during the last debate on the Active Mobility Bill. The mandatory registration of certain PMDs is a welcome enhancement. I note that starting with e-scooters, such process ensures that the devices are safe before they are used on the public path system. This allows for some monitoring of the mobility devices and vehicles that populate our paths. I would like to seek clarification on whether an inspection process at reasonable intervals, annually or biennially, is envisioned. These inspections may be useful to ensure continued compliance with the regulations.”
“I thank the Minister of State for the explanation. I would just like to refer the Minister of State to the recent study conducted by the Disabled People's Association, together with the Institute of Policy Studies (IPS) and the insights that they had discovered with regard to the unfair practices against people with disabilities. I am wondering what the Ministry's position is on it. I note that the numbers are not big, but it does tell or show towards some discrimination which are not spoken of or where it is not clear whether there is discrimination, especially when no reasons are given when they are not given promotion or where they are not given the jobs. So, I am also wondering what the Ministry's position is on that. And I appreciate the difficulties and the counter-effect of having legislation. But without legislation, it is very difficult to enforce or implement certain policies. I am wondering if there is a middle ground on this. We could impose certain requirements or policies where you would require some sort of transparency when we speak about promotion or in employing people with disabilities.”
“Mr Speaker, I beg to move, that in line 4 after the word "learners", to add the following words: ", by building an education system that: (a) gives each student the best possible support, and the opportunity and motivation to excel; (b) recognises ability and talent in every student, and offers development paths suited to their unique strengths and interests; (c) enables Singaporeans to improve our lives, paying special attention to students from vulnerable families; and (d) becomes a platform to bring our young together, to build an inclusive and united Singapore."”
“Yes, I have given copies to the Clerks for distribution. [Copies of amendment distributed to hon Members.]”
“Yes. [A copy of amendment handed to Mr Speaker.]”
“But if we are really serious in allowing each child to flourish, there may be value in adjusting a curriculum according to each individual’s needs, pace of learning, as well as providing the facilities and resources required to cater to the wide spectrum of disabilities. Mr Speaker, I am grateful for the opportunity to speak today. I thank the Members who have proposed the Motion. I am supportive of the Motion. However, I am of the view that it would be useful to give some resolution to the matter at hand. Therefore, Mr Speaker, with your permission, may I propose an amendment to the Motion.”
“In the same vein of building resources, I would make a third recommendation that we also build synergy between the education and health sectors, so as to ensure that access to the necessary assessments is enhanced. Early identification of learning difficulties can help ensure that students who have such needs receive the necessary support as soon as possible. However, parents often cite long waiting lists for MOE psychologists when seeking to have their children assessed. Taking a leaf from the General Practitioners (GP)-Partnership Programme in the mental health sector, I propose an MOE Psychologist Partnership Programme where several recognised private psychologists can provide assessments for learning difficulties. To address high costs, the identified practitioners could provide subsidies to families with the Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS) cards, with part of the costs subsidised by the Government. Lastly, I propose a review of the administration of school curriculum for both mainstream and SPED schools. Our children are all unique, with different talents and abilities. Often, in the school system, we are pushing them into categories or groups, which allows for a more expedient delivery of information and knowledge. However, this means that we may not be fully developing their strengths and addressing their weaknesses. For example, at the moment, children with special needs in mainstream schools are still expected to complete the same curriculum as their peers. Support is given when their natural abilities fall short of what is required.”