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Hashi Mohamed

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2020-02-11
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2020-02-11
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  1. I can't say it hasn't occurred to me, but I'd prose that question a different way. Where do I see myself making the most amount of difference at this point in my lifetime? Right now I see myself making a difference where I am, spreading the message of what's in the book in this format, in this way Do I think that I have the correct policies to make this society transform overnight? No, I don't. I have some ideas and I've shared those ideas in the book, I have some concept of what I think could change. I've again shared that in the book. But in terms of actually engaging with that day-to-day, and as for politics, I mean, look at the state of our politics today. Do I really want to be in that fray and poison and toxic environment where people I've never met and will never meet are sending me abuse online?

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  2. But that to me anyway doesn't mean that I am not seen. It just means that I am seen fully, but just from two different perspectives. That's the key

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  3. Yeah, and I think that's right. I think that's right. I mean, it's hard for, if you are trying to bridge the kind of gulf that I've bridged, for example, the kind of gulf that says twenty five years ago. I did not speak a word of English. Today, I'm doing what I'm doing. It's really important that I then bring these two strings together so that they connect. It's impossible to do that. It's really impossible to do that in a way that genuinely and fully reconciles those two worlds. Does that mean that my old world in so many ways doesn't fully see and understand who I am today? Yeah, absolutely. And does that mean that the profession that I'm in and the people I mix and mingle with will never fully appreciate where I've come from? Absolutely.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  4. world and the new world. It's really, really important that you accept as early as possible that there is no end point to this, that you will never get to a point where your mum who may not have formal education will then come to fully understand what it means to be a professional auditor at Ernst Young. And that's okay. But you just have to be comfortable in your own skin to be able to mix and mingle between these two worlds and not force the need to make them see eye to eye. Because if you do that, it will be the end of you.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  5. Black tie dinners where they drink port and sort of toast to the queen in Latin and wear gowns and wigs whatever. I mean, that world is so far removed that there's no point in trying to get her to reconcile and understand what that means, just as much as the people I mix with will never fully appreciate the language in which I communicate with my mother in fully in Somali and the banter and the cultural references that might come with that. There's no point in trying to make them understand that world either. But they're all a part of me. They're all a part of who I am. And so it's really critical for anyone who's listening to this and who's trying to make their own journey on the social mobility sort of track and who's generally trying to figure out how to reconcile the old.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  6. Yeah, I think I refer to it in the book as the old world and the new world. Yeah, I think that tension still remains. I think that that tension is still there. And I actually have come to terms with the idea that I will never reconcile those tensions. And that's okay. Explaining to my grandmother that I attended.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  7. Definitely You know part of what confidence is really about Is really about Understanding the world around you for what it is That's genuinely what the core of what confidence is about. Not being afraid of what you don't know, and if you combine those two things, you're able to actually get to that stage in your life where nothing really in many ways challenges you in a way that you can't overcome. And so I definitely would say that writing this book, having gone through this process and having just genuinely tested myself in that way, I really do think that I've come to a point where my confidence is definitely much stronger than what it was, but it wasn't a fragile, you know, shrinking violent either to begin with.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  8. Shocking, and some things that I thought were really bad in hindsight weren't so bad. And so it was really good to have gone through that process and calculation and then come out with the final figure of saying I've made through all of that, let's now move on to the next stage of your life and move on to doing something different without being a prisoner of your past.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  9. It was incredibly cathartic, and I was talking to Grace and Perry, if I may name drop about this, and he was saying that actually when he went through his own journey of growing up as deprivation as a working class kid in Essex to have made it to the top of where he is, that writing and his story and reflecting on it was incredibly cathartic. And I say in the book, this was a form of therapy. It really was a form of therapy for me. And the result of that really is on the one hand you begin to reconcile so much of what you went through for what it was rather than looking back in a way that might have been toxic. So in one sense, some things that I genuinely thought were fine, looking back, were actually quite

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  10. Sit down and think through well, actually Indians and Chinese are doing quite well. How do you lump them into the category of BAME? Sure, black boys are doing bad, but actually black African boys are doing disproportionately better than Afro-Caribbean boys. So how do we disaggregate these figures and these kind of cultural differences with a view to genuinely piercing where the commonalities lie and helping out more where the differences are stuck. And that takes time. And it's hard. And I'm not suggesting it's easy to do, but it's just lazy to just have simple categories because you won't really make that much progress.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  11. And as compared to a young white working class kid growing up in Newcastle is going to have their own particular challenges that are different. And so when we are trying to genuinely understand how we improve people's circumstances, it's really, really critical that we don't just sort of lump them together in a way that seeks to just say, well, they must all be the same. And another critical example of that is how you will often hear politicians just say middle class people here and then you've got the white working class here and then you've got the BAME here. And it's sort of like that kind of categorization as if the BAME people don't have working class within them. As if the white working class don't have more connection with the BME community as if people don't necessarily

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  12. The black guy with a Muslim name called Hashim Mohammed, who went to a state school, whose parents couldn't read and write, who came here as a nine year old refugee, and who has no real understanding of what's going on in this country, couldn't speak a word of English at the age of nine, you can already see the multiple layers of challenges that face somebody like that as compared to somebody else whose parents might have gone to university and had a middle class job and who might have been black but grew up in a neighborhood that was a bit better and so on and so forth.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  13. Absolutely. When we come to sort of understand why we're not making enough progress in social mobility, it's very easy to just simply say we need more state-educated kids. In the top professions, it's very easy to say we need more women to get into the top professions. But actually what we're lacking a full or a fuller understanding of is that whilst it's very noble and very helpful to say we need more people from state education in the top professions and we need more people from non-Oxbridge education at the top professions, what people don't necessarily fully appreciate is if you are, for example,

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  14. I went to a really rough school in Northwest London, Wembley High School. You might have heard of it. And that is an example of what I was saying in terms of you were saying that from your community there might be that leash that holds you back of people who think that you're aspiring to something different and therefore you might be holding they might want to hold you back. But there's also that kind of push from the top of people saying, actually, you're not really people like us.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  15. And that's interesting because anybody who isn't confident within themselves and understand that as a sort of having an out-of-body experience to be able to understand what's happening there can instantly feel undermined and instantly feel that I've just won this competition. And now you're asking me what kind of school I went to, I'm feel really small because you might think, actually, I'm not proud of the kind of school I went to. I went to a really bad school. It isn't a public school and I don't necessarily want to tell you. The opposite might be that I went to a really good public school and I'm going to tell you and I'm going to connect with you and now you might help me with my career. My response was I said, well, actually I went to the kind of school where I had to talk my way out of getting stabbed.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  16. People say, well, one of them said to me, Oh, I just saw you debating earlier on in that mooting competition. Well done, young man. What kind of school did you go to? What school taught you how to fine tune your mooting skills like that? Now that's quite interesting. If we pause and think about that question, in one way you're being paid a huge compliment. You're being paid a huge compliment because you've just won this prestigious competition and I'm grateful and I'm happy about that. But in another way, what he's doing is actually saying I need to codify who you are. I need to understand where you fit in based on the metrics that are in my head, based on class, what school you went to, and where this quality came from.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  17. It is very much dinner. Very much a Hogwarts kind of environment in which you're wearing gowns and we toast the queen and we sit around these old tables and portraits of yesteryear and I'm talking about centuries ago. And

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  18. The classic example was, as I recall, in the book, I won a prestigious mooting competition, which is a mock legal debate that takes place at the Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn where I am a member. And having won this debate, you get to sit at this top table where very old Fogies about to be struck with gout are sitting around.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  19. Absolutely, and that leash is actually in two ways there's the leash of the people from whom you have come from who are saying to you Hang on, you don't talk like us anymore, you don't mix with us anymore, do you think you're better than us? And then of course when you actually get to wherever fulfilling opportunity you've embraced and whatever fulfilling job you're in and say you're at the top in inverted commas, there are those people who you're now mixing and mingling with who will find every which way to challenge you to just check once again if you are people like them. They might do it in the sort of passive aggressive way in which you're asked about what kind of school you went to. What kind of university you went to?

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  20. That's an entirely fair choice that you make. But that has consequences. That has consequences because I believe that if you make that choice that I believe to be a narrow choice of saying I will not learn a different code of the world in which I hope to aspire to be in, I strongly believe that you are limiting yourself, and you limit the opportunities and the chances for you to be able to get on.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  21. opens different doors because you're mixing with different people from different backgrounds in different contexts. And it is critical that if you are going to be socially mobile and you're keen on somehow aspiring to a different future and a different destiny, that you understand that. Now, you then have to make a choice. Do you learn the codes and the cultural capital that you require to be able to get on without necessarily passing judgment on where you've come from and who you are? Or do you say I am going to be who I am? Going to be true to myself, and I will never change and learn these codes and ways of speaking or cultural capital.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  22. And fit in It's that coat. But if you are aspiring to something else, namely to becoming a barrister, for example. You have to quickly realise that there is a different kind of cultural capital, that quite frankly invariably means different ways of speaking, whether that be the accent, whether that be the vocabulary you use, whether that be the way you carry yourself, whether that be you make references to Shostakovich and Hamlet, whatever it might be, that's a different level of cultural capital. Now, one is no more better or more valuable than the other, but it's a different code.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  23. It isn't really rocket science. If, for example, you are growing up in a particular context, say for example in a city London today. You're going to grow up in a community where most of you will not have really mixed with anybody with a professional job like a barrister or an accountant or a banker, for example. Not always, but for the most part. But your cultural capital becomes either the slang that you use in the local area. Your knowledge of each and every single football team and their strikers and who were signed in the last transfer market, the music and the artists that you're used to, the conversations that might be involved in your own particular cultural community, whether if you're an Algerian or Somali, Ghanaian or Pakistani, Indian or Irish, that is what gives you that cultural capital within that context. That is what gives you that power to be able to communicate within that community.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  24. But we then end up putting so much pressure on our state education system and our state education teachers who are paid poorly in real poor conditions to then have to then change what is being in place for so long is just deeply, deeply misguided.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  25. Ask yourself are they genuinely buying an education or are they buying much much more? They're not buying an opportunity for their children to be able to pass the same exams that most children can pass in any state school. What they're buying is what we often refer to as, for example, social capital, who you know, who do they know, who can give you an internship for free, cultural capital, your ability to understand cultural references, the way you speak, your accent, the people you communicate with, the kind of cultural references that you have. These are the kind of things that people when they pay for private school are paying for, and frankly, at the bottom of it all, really, they're paying for an opportunity for them to mix with people like them. And that is the critical point. So the idea

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  26. There are so many other factors that are at play, including the kind of circumstances in which you grow up in, the kind of schooling that you actually have in those circumstances, the kind of mindset that you develop when you're growing up that tells you that you need to be able to aspire and imagine a different future for yourself. The kind of world in which you're actually growing up at that time, the world that you might have been growing up in in the early 1990s is completely different to the kind of automated world that we're growing up in today. And so much else so what I try and argue is I try not to undermine the power of education for education's sake. But it's much, much more than that. And then the final thought on that is also when you think about parents who send their children to private schools.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  27. But beyond that, if you're suggesting that education is the answer in pulling people out of the kind of situations that they're born into in such a fundamental way that means that you are going to transform their mindsets, you're going to transform their past as compared to their future. You are going to suggest to them that they are now worth monetarily wise or professional wise or whatever it is, that they're worth more than their parents, that you're going to then say to people you are going to have a completely different destiny to that which you have ever been used to, that your parents have been used to, that your grandparents have been used to. The notion that education is the panacea to that kind of transformation is deeply misguided. And it's deeply misguided because

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  28. Yes, and I think that's quite important because we have seen how successive governments, labor, conservative, coalition, have constantly sort of said education, education, education in his famous mantra, Tony Blair, is the answer, when in fact it's not even really the main answer. Education is critical to human beings and their ability to expand their minds and their ability to have the basic tools to be able to get on in life. That much is uncontroversial.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  29. There was no real negotiation that took place, and I think that happened. I think to say it happened naturally would be to put too fine a point on it and to give it sort of the benefit of what it sounds like. But I think it happened more or less by accident. And it happened because of the circumstances rather than any real discussion where we sat down around a table and decided actually you should go to university, you should look after mum and you should go to work. There was nothing of the sort. It just happened the way that it happened. And I'm very much acutely aware of that. Now it doesn't necessarily mean that I'm guilty or feeling guilty of the fact that I've had a different kind of success, but I am conscious of it and it would be foolish of me to ignore it.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  30. Bit too much older. I've really believe that if you're going to come to a new country in a new way and start from scratch, there's that sort of sweet spot of an age between eight and twelve And if you come a bit later than that, it's much, much harder to make up a lot of lost ground. But also, I think there was a lot of sacrifice that was made by some of my siblings in order for me to be able to do as well as I did, you know, some of my one of my brothers who was a bit older than me had dropped out of school to work so that we could have what we needed. My sister was holding the fort at home when I was at university because my mum was really sick, which meant that I didn't have to come back and do something because she was taking care of the situation.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  31. Yes, that for me is probably one of the most important tension in the book because I did not have any discernible advantage over them when I came to the United Kingdom. But I did have somewhat of an advantage in that I lived with both of my parents uninterrupted for the first two years without sort of in some ways the intrusion, if you like, of other siblings. But the fact that so many of them didn't have what I have, I also make clear isn't because they were either less capable of me, less capable than me, or indeed less sort of hungry than I am. But it was more a question of fate and an accident, really, in that some of them will have come to the United Kingdom perhaps.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  32. The book about you have to find your own way. You have to find your own voice and you have to find your own sort of path to navigate these sort of very, very difficult issues. So yes, in the end it was quite critical for that striking balance between not harnessing my own story to be able to say anything is possible, but at the same time using my story to be able to say this is how I've overcome the issues. Hopefully it will be useful to you.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  33. Exactly, as if my story could be used as an example that justifies what I consider to be a wholly unfair and unjust system in a way that then uses to sort of mobilize my own story to either beat people across the head or justify a system that requires whole scale change. So that was very clear to me at the very beginning. From the very beginning, I was absolutely clear that that's not what this story is going to be about. But also it was really important to make it an inspirational book. So as you say, for example, it is somewhat of a how-to guide in that I explain how I overcame so many of these challenges. But at the same time, it's important not to sort of say, well, if I did it, this is how you should be able to do it either. And that's why, again, I keep coming back to...

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  34. I think right from the beginning I was absolutely clear in my own head that I did not want to write a story that was going to sell this pipe dream that no matter who you are, whatever you've come from, you can be whatever you want to be. That's just not true.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  35. Yeah, at one point when the teacher was constantly trying to get up to ask this teacher to leave, there was one student who handed up a small umbrella to this mad, obviously clearly disturbed chap. And he continued to beat the head teacher and the police who had come to restrain him couldn't do it. And he was obviously sick. This man was obviously sick in hindsight. And yeah, that was an example of a day in the life of what was then Wembley High School.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  36. gone round the school that Mr. Teacher himself was being beaten up in the middle of the playground and all the kids came out to watch and it was incredible because you know can you imagine being in the middle of the playground and watching your head teacher being beaten black and blue and no one is helping no member of staff no other student no other pupil and then the police turned up the police had sent two female police officers who were half the size of this massive guy

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  37. I mean, it was probably one of the most shocking examples of what was going on in our community, but it wasn't the only example, quite frankly. It was only shocking because it wasn't happening in our community where we lived and stayed because we saw a lot of violence and fights and gun crime when we were growing up in the area. The only thing that made this particular incident shocking was the fact that it was happening in the middle of the school playground. But you had a situation where the teacher the head teacher had come out to basically ask for a parent to leave the premises, a parent who was so angry and so distraught at the fact that his daughter had been excluded from the school himself, the father that is, had obviously major mental health problems. But he came in and obviously we didn't know what happened before. He might have had a meeting that went bad or something or other, but he was beating this head teacher in the middle of the playground and news that

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  38. School was a blur because I remember I remember going to school and it being probably the only constant thing because when you're constantly being moved around by the council from one temporary accommodation to the next, the school that you went to often was the only thing that remained constant unless they moved you too far out of the catchment area. But it was also chaotic because teacher retention was poor. Our teacher got beaten up in the middle of the playground in one shocking incident.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  39. who had fled the war, who had come here for the first time, for people like us it was really genuinely just normal and actually ask anyone who had arrived in the UK in the early to the mid nineteen nineties, fleeing war from Somalia in particular who came to the UK, and I can tell you they have exactly either similar or potentially even worse examples of life as we knew it.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  40. And it was very, very dire set of circumstances where you're not understanding why you are where you are as a child. You don't understand what's going on. The adults are incapable of explaining to you what exactly is happening and why you're there. There isn't a real sort of central government figure authority institution that is able to assist you in any meaningful way because they themselves can't actually understand how to help you. There isn't a central authority figure in the family that is able to make sense of all of this either. And so bringing all of that together makes up for a real chaotic cocktail situation, which incidentally, which is also really important to say, was unremarkable for a lot of people like us, Somalis.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  41. We had arrived some of my siblings and I Trying to basically live with them. We lived in incredibly squalor conditions that were sometimes five, six to a room. Most of us were under the age of sort of ten, twelve, the children. The adults themselves were at best sort of in their early thirties and certainly no wiser than we were about British culture, English culture, or in an English language We were constantly moving because of the council's situation of not being able to house us in an effective and appropriate housing.

    2020-02-11 · Intelligence Squared · Social Mobility and Making It in Modern Britain, with Hashi Mohamed and Razia Iqbal · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source