YouSaid · the spoken record

Joel Benenson

lines on the record: 70
first: 2016-02-08
most recent: 2016-02-08
sittings or episodes: 1
sources: podcast

Every line below is reproduced as it was said and linked to the record it came from. Nothing here is summarised or generated. Directory · Search · Corrections

“She won by nine, eight and a half points. Like, I'm not saying their poll was wrong, but as a journalist, shouldn't you say here's the track record of this organization in Iowa and make a decision whether to report it or not?”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“The day before? Exactly. And Quinnipiac had never polled in Iowa caucuses before, and the last time they polled in the state of Iowa was Joni Ernst vs. Bruce Brayley, and they had to raise dead even on Election Day, a Senate race.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Very small. Yeah. We'll do this another time because we're going to run short here. But I think there's a bigger question here for the media to address. And if I have a minute, one example, one university, Quinnipak. Fairly frequent pollster. Their poles on Iowa reported. I don't even know if they were accurate or not. But what I've said to journalists, why do you lose your journalistic practices when you get a press release that says poll, you just report on it? The only time they'd never polluted.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“So in most states you have a voter file that is either you can purchase from the state or through freedom of information in some places you can get it. It has a range of information about voters. Which party are they registered to? Not every state reports registration, but you can usually see which primaries did they vote in Democrat or Republican, date of birth, how old are they? Did they vote in every off-year election? So you know a lot about their behavior politically. And there are scientific studies about, let's face it, people who vote more often are more likely to vote. And so you can start with a criteria that establishes that you're going to be talking to real voters. The old way of doing it through random digit dial, where you just dial a bunch of numbers and say, how likely are you to vote? We still ask those questions when we have voter lists to affirm the data we're starting with, but we start with a pool of people that we know are most likely voters.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“There are, unfortunately, right? But look, I think these polls are going to be less accurate because most of them are not conducted using votalists, but most of them are not conducted.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I really want to make this point. People ask me what kind of people do I hire? I like hiring former journalists. It is the greatest skill if you put your resources as a media outlet into reporting. You'd learn more about the election if you put 10 reporters on the street before the Iowa caucuses than you would from the array of polls you reported on.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“But I said, why do you spend money on polls? Why do you spend so much time reporting on polls? Why do you do them? They said because it really helps our reporters cover the race. I said, but then why do you report the horse race? They said, well, we don't really care about the horse race. I said, really? I said, what's the headline on every press release you put out? It's the horse race because you want every other news organization to promote your Your pole, your name, whether it's a university like Quinipiac or CNN or the New York Times. I agree with this, but it's like it's like”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Well, look, let's start differently. Why talk about what's wrong with these poles? Why don't we talk about what's wrong with the media and the way they cover these polls? And why do they spend so much attention on polls? I asked this to a news organization once. I don't recall which one it was. I may, but I don't want to name them now. And I said, why do you...”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“They're not attacking Bernie Sanders, by the way. They're attacking Hillary Clinton because they believe she's the one who's going to take them on as president of the United States. And then they believe she's going to.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“If you're saying that somebody, which is what the implication is in this campaign, that people paid her speaking fees, which they do to many people in many realms of business, sports, former people who, organizations and groups think have something to share was going to influence her, they're dead wrong. And the proof of that, I think, is that people on Wall Street are running ads to attack her now. No.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, but you are offering an opinion in public, and I don't think any of the speaking fees anybody are giving them thinking. Well, they mostly gave them to me.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“You're asking a political question If anybody thinks, if you think that taking those speaking fees, you know, any more than probably journalists you've had sitting at this microphone, who some of whom get speaking fees? I have gotten speaking fees. You've gotten speakers. But I'm not running for.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“No doubt about Barney Frank and a host of Democrats who then said to Wall Street or any other donor, I'm going to take you on and you're going to pay a price. And that's what she will do. There's no question. And even this morning, there's an editorial in The Washington Post, by the way, that talks about where the next threats to the financial system are. And this is the Washington Post editorial. This isn't me. It's in the shadow banking system. And she's the one who has a plan to deal with that.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I'm going to share that with you. She is the only person who has put out a plan here to deal with what's going on at the corporate level, to create disincentives for CEOs at corporations to keep pushing up bonuses into the C suite, particularly with companies that are profitable and not share those profits with the workers who've made them. They'll lose tax breaks if they do it. They will not be able to duck those bonuses. You've got to have some under-jew.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Look, and in all candor, she's the only person who has put out any kind of plan that would put any pressure on corporations. That's very.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Struggling to get back to where they want to be, struggling to get ahead. There's no question that we're not out of the woods yet. I don't think anybody would say it, not President Obama who's done enormous things to get us back, obviously”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“If you're making the case, who can you count on to get the things done that are going to make your life better that will improve your lives, that'll create more good-paying jobs, then I think she will win because I think, you know, it's easy to ask a question and in Poland, say, this is the most important thing. But if you ask people out there right now what the most important thing is to them, it's which one of these people is going to make a difference in my lives. That's where they go. You know, this is the difference between an elite conversation and down on the ground conversation with everyday people out there.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Well, look, this question certainly gets asked a lot by reporters, and I think obviously some people bring it up Republicans are trying to bring it up and batter with this every day. They run ads on it. But let's look at a couple of things in polls, ABC Washington news recently, for example. David asked the trust question the way everybody does it as an abstract idea. And then they asked, who do you trust more on the issues of the creating jobs? Who do you trust more in healthcare? And I want to go to Iowa and the entrance polls because you said she lost among people who had said trust was the most important thing. We won a primary because when people were asked, who do you trust more on the economy? One by 10 points. And healthcare. Healthcare. His signature issue, 33% said it was the most important issue. She beat him by 20 points.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“One Corinthian. Yeah, right. Right. Two Corinthians walked into a bar. But she recited the passage to him and they struck up a conversation. And, you know, it struck me when I learned more about her and started rereading some of her books. And I think that came out in that answer to the rabbi last night. And I think it's not the first place she goes. And I think in some of those settings you talk about when people ask her questions. Particularly regular people, not journalists, not reporters, you know, not moderators at debates. When people ask a question like that, that's when it comes out. That's when her, you know, instant place of going is that kind of connection with people. But in the political conversation, she wants to make sure people know exactly what she's going to do for them.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I think look, as President Obama said, she is a very values driven person and brings her values to work with her to animate what she does, I think. I think if you look at her answer last night to the question posed by the rabbi, she is a person of deep faith. And I think if you go back and look at her, she doesn't like to talk about that easily. And it comes up when she's asked. There's a person she ran into in a coffee shop one day and he was studying something and didn't want to be bothered. Said she walked over to him and introduced herself, and she said, What are you doing? He said, I'm doing my work. She said, what are you reading? He said, well, I'm reading my Bible. I'm reading 1 Corinthians. And she said, oh, that's my favorite passage. And she started to read it.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“She does at length, she believes they have to buy into the policy argument. And sometimes, you know, I think I often, you know, have cited the Maya Angelou quote, no one will remember what you've told them. They'll remember how you made them feel, you know, and I think people like Bill Clinton, you know, I think you talk about, like you say, she sandwiched between these two folks who operated not that both of them, by the way, are pretty good at policy. They are. They are.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Right. Well, you know, I think to some extent it's true. It may not be her first passion, but she understands that we need politics. I think if you take what happened in Flint recently as a really good example of this, right? This situation emerges in public eye, right? You know, she doesn't jump out and say anything, make any rash statements. She sends someone to Flint from her staff, find out from the people in Flint, the mayor's people, what needs to be done that isn't being done, right? And then she calls for asking for federal help, and it happened within two hours. The governor hadn't bothered to ask for any federal help. That's her first place she goes to. I think when you're out on the stump, you know, she believes, she says often, you know, I have this old-fashioned idea that you have to tell people what you're going to do.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“No, I don't think it's a real problem. And you ask me differences between President Obama and Secretary Clinton. You know, she is, and I think the president himself said it about how smart she is and her knowledge around policy. She is a true policy-driven person.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Well, we are, aren't we? Yeah. And I think, look, we immediately said, let's have more debates. She said it, you know, while we, I think the originally had six. So let me call you on this.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“The Saturday night stuff, the weekend stuff, from my understanding, and I'm not involved in the negotiations just, you know, was the reason why the Republicans have had more debates on weeknights is because they've had more debates on cable. And the networks are much less willing to bump their regular programming during the primary season for a party debate. So why not?”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“all the time. They helped him not just politically, but I think they also helped us for the general because we kept organizing like the long campaign, which you thought we knew at a certain point we were going to have a majority. Personally, I think the test”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“You know, look, if you remember when we had 23 debates in 2008, 25, but we were bemoaning it all the way through 07 and 08, right? You know, I think there's a good number.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Well, you know, I think it'll be 30 points, that's for sure. I think it'll be tightened up. I think we had a forum last night. We have a debate tonight. The debates have been pretty good for Hillary Clinton. I think seeing the two of them on a stage together tonight, I think we'll be very good.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Well, even that one tightened up today It may be a no lose situation. I think the expectations everybody's been hearing here for a long time, how big this is. Yeah, I suspect.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Right. And I think if you're an independent and you've kind of eschewed, if you declare yourself an independent and eschewed the label, he might have certain appeals there, whether it's about his policies or sending a message just on that. I don't want to use the word symbolic in a pejorative way, but on that symbolic, yeah, I can send a message. I can do this here. Those are hard variables to get at. And focus groups or in polling. And especially when you come out of Iowa and you've really got seven days to campaign in that condensed period, it gets harder to figure out. Look, I think this is going to, you know, we've got ground to make up here, obviously. There's no mistake about it. But, you know, if you saw Hillary Clinton out there yesterday.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Well, it's possible. I mean, those are the kinds of things that are very hard to predict even as close as we are to the primary now. You know, my experience polling here and watching what you talked about in 2000 is that it is harder and harder to predict.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“We did stop polling. Thank you. Fairness to me, we did. Look, I think these independents, there are a couple of things. One is sometimes, you know, you have to monitor whether they're going to switch to the other side because they think one person's going to win. Like one of our theories after we didn't win was there was some independents who liked McCain and liked Obama and thought, well, let me get the race I won here. Let me go move to McCain, you know, not a huge number, but enough. That kind of fluidity makes it a little harder to predict.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Well, he's doing better with independence here for a couple of reasons, I think. And I think the key thing to keep in mind as we have this discussion is that if you go back to 2008 and look at the exit polls, combined total of 58% of the people roughly half made up their minds in New Hampshire in the last week. Very volatile electorate, in part because they're independent.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Well, you know, here's the other thing. I've often said to people, you know, I'm a liberal Democrat. There's no question about it, right? But as a consultant, I've also said to Democrats, but we still need to win the middle. There are a lot of people in the middle. There are a lot of independents who consider themselves democratic-leaning independents, right? Who aren't in lockstep with the Democratic Party on every issue? We've got to keep those people with us to not just win elections, but to get this stuff done. It's why we're able to eke out, you know. Passing Obamacare by one vote. Right.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“And I think it's, and this isn't Spin. It's just not that you shouldn't be that facile about what it takes to get some of these things done because if we had a majority, if people 80% of Americans, you know, turned out and voted for one candidate, well, that would be some mandate, right? And if they swept in 80% of one party in Congress or a filibuster-proof majority in Congress, that would be a mandate. We haven't had a mandate in this country in a long time because we are divided 50-50. And that's why getting this stuff done is so hard. And I am not in hyper spin mode on this. I've been talking about the 50-50 country for a long time, and you know it, because you've heard me say it. You're not a hyper-type.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“On this podcast, but because we could not do it. If you can't get the votes to get it done, it doesn't just happen. And that's not to dismiss the energy and the enthusiasm that people have for any particular issue, right? But that was a pitched battle. And what we got was coverage for ninety percent of Americans. And I know how you felt about that accomplishment. You know how I felt about it.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“That isn't what happens, said the If you look at the affordable care act and what it took to get that done and the fact that we couldn't even get a public, you were there, you know better than I. We couldn't get a public option Not because it's not a good idea, not because it's not the better plan. I have this.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah there is, but look you've also heard me say this all the time I'm a pollster, right? And I do look at the numbers and I say, you know, first of all, you know, to win on a tough issue, it's got to be a 65 or 70 percent issue in your favor. And you and I, we went through this. We went through this on issues like climate change, right? Where you know people are there, but when you get into that pitch debate, right, even on taxes, right, you have to have a big margin there because this is going to get chewed down. I respect what Senator Sanders is doing and the campaign he's running. He's proving he's an effective campaigner. But, you know, he's never been under the barrage of an attack from Republicans or really had to get things done when you're fighting and you're in the trenches every day. And you can call it hyper spin mode. But there's a reality there. If these things were easy, if 100% of the American people or even 70% of the American people supported all these things when they're under attack, you get them done.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Care about getting things done. And I think that, you know, when President Obama has been criticized occasionally from people in our own party, it's been, well, he shouldn't have compromised here. He gave in too quickly there. You know, I think there is an art of compromise involved in politics, you know, particularly in a country that has the divisions we are. You know, we're not going to get a whole loaf all the time. And I think it's unfortunate that the political rhetoric pushes us away from compromise and getting to points we can agree on to make progress. I think both of them have that deep commitment to getting things done that will make a difference now. You know, I use the phrase a lot. You know, you can't make the perfect be the enemy of the good. And I think there's a practicality to that. And people criticize you for that. But the truth is in a country that right now is divided pretty much 50-50 along ideological lines. You know, you're never going to have a slam dunk win. You're not. You're going to have to grind it out. I think they both appreciate.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Continue to poll for the president, and that's been very gratifying in a way that wasn't my role in 95-96 with President Clinton. So, you know, I think first, I guess seeing him as president, I'll do that comparison first because I think where the comparison is, the similarities are greatest, I think, are both of them really”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“And look, I've also had the benefit of seeing really for the first time in my life a president up close when being involved.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“We were both a little more excited about the prospect of me doing this, and I was too, I thought, and still believe very strongly that she is the best person to be president of the United States, the best person to build on the progress that we've made in very tough times. And so I decided to do it again. And I don't regret it at all. I think it's just as important today as it was when I rethought.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“And I think really the 2014 midterms were quite a jolt in a way that not just the Senate and the House, but I really felt that given the gains that the Republicans made at the state legislative levels, at the governors levels, if we don't hold the presidency now, it'll take years, decades in fact, for us to undo the damage that could be done here with that much control, given where the Republican Party is today. And so, you know, I gave it some thought. I talked to some people. I talked to my wife. I talked to my kids. I didn't know Hillary Clinton well. We had met in passing maybe once or twice over the years. She invited me in to talk to have a conversation, and we did. And I think we both left thinking, you know, we were.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I'll tell you we're not kidging them. Yeah, I know we're not. And in fact, you asked me if I'm crazy. I said, you know, when we flew in from Iowa the other night and got in at five in the morning and you don't get much sleep on the plane. That's the first time where I thought, wow, I forgot about these nights. But no, I'll tell you why I did it. I didn't expect to do another one, as you know, after 2012. I really thought I wasn't going to.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I think he left a manuscript of either Moby Dick or Billy Budd in a desk drawer with a note something to the effect of, you know, if anybody should find this after my death, you should let them know that because he wasn't educated, he didn't like his contemporaries. He said, let them know that a whaling ship was my Harvard and my Yale. Well, that Clinton campaign working for Mark Penn at that level and learning the polling business, that was my Harvard in my hell. Although Queen's College served me well, that was quite an education.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“So I started talking to him about how they should hire me to help work on the Clinton campaign. And then it came to pass where Mark and I were working on a project together there. And I think that's when he got to know me. And when he offered me the job, I remember we were having lunch on 44th or 45th Street. And I thought they were going to ask me to do corporate work because I was doing AT&T. And he asked me to work with him on the Clinton campaign. I remember I walked to the corner after me. I took the job. Of course, I walked to the corner and called my wife from a payphone. I didn't have a cell phone. 1995. And I said, I can't believe this. They want me to work on the Clinton campaign. I was ecstatic. It was one of the hardest years of my life because I had to learn the polling business at a very high stakes level in a presidential campaign. But it was a great education. You couldn't have it better. You know, I think there's this story about Herman Melville who, um...”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“So I took that job. And then while I was there, they were doing polling, and I saw this poll presentation. It wasn't done by Mark, it was done by this other guy who was a vice president at the firm. And I went home that night. I said to my wife, boy, that's what I want to do. I mean, having the numbers, having the data, being able to translate that into a story,”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Long distance service, you know, you think about that with Token 20 years ago. You talk to our kids, they don't even know what long distance service is.”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I did indeed I was stunned after Mario lost. I thought I wanted to be a media consultant. In fact, you were one of the people I talked to and you said, yeah, you should go do this, pursue this, learn a little bit about advertising. You encourage me. You thought I'd be good at it. I got a job at an ad agency at the time they were taking a political approach. The client was AT&T, an MCI, and they were in this pitched battle for...”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“But I hate losing. I mean, you know this about me. I'm like the most competitive person. I've said this to clients, right? I will hate to lose more than you'll hate to lose. I just don't like losing. And so it's never easy. Obviously, when you're in this business, I've gotten a little better about dealing with it because you're going to lose. Nobody's won everything. Nobody goes undefeated”
2016-02-08 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 29 - Joel Benenson · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source