YouSaid · the spoken record
Silvio Micali
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- 120
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- 2021-03-15
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- 2021-03-15
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“No answer to that. I really think that the journey is more and more important than the destination, whatever that be. And I think that is a journey and is, in my opinion, at the end of the day, I must admit meaningful in itself. We must admit of it, and maybe whatever your destination might be at the hand, we may never get there, but hell was a great ride.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Well, meaning all life, actually, we got three meanings of life. Great. That is great. One, to seek. Two, to seek. And three to seek.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yes. And so I really feel of it. You know, there is on one side is my biological legacy and that is... My two kids, right? And their kids, hopefully. And that is one fine. And the other thing is this common enterprise, which is society. And I really feel that my legacy would be better by providing security and privacy. Actually, for me, our metaphorical to say, I want to give you the ability to interact more and take more risks and reach out more for more people as difficult and dangerous as it may seem. But mayola scientific work is about to guarantee privacy and give you the security of interaction. And not only in a transaction, like it would be a blockchain transaction, but that is really one of the hardcore of my Emotional problems and I think that these are the problems I want to talk about.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I hope so, and I don't because I mean, without death, there is no life, so at least there is no meaningful life. Death is actually in some sense our ultimate motivator to live a beautiful and meaningful life. I myself felt as a young man veta, unless I got something that I wanted to do and I don't know why I got this idea that I had something to say if I'm not able to say outside. maybe was a way to motivate myself. But you don't need to motivate it because in some sense fortunately death is there. So you better get up and do your thing because that is the best motivation to live fully.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“It's a bigger part of emotions. It's a scary thing, right? It's a lot of vulnerability that comes with a love, but there is also so much energy and power and love in all senses and in the traditional sense, but also in the sense of a broader sense for humanity, this compassion, that makes us one with other people and the suffering of other people. I mean, all of this is a very scary stuff, but is really the fabric of life.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“So I was telling before that I believe in emotion, and my thing is to be true to your own emotion. And that, I think that if you do that, you're doing well because it's a life well spent and you are going never tired because you want to solve all these emotional knots that have always intrigued you from the beginning. And I really believe that to live meaningfully, creatively, and yet to leave your emotional life. So I really believe that whether you're a scientist or an artist even more, but a scientist, I think of them as artists as well. If you are a human being, so you are ready to live fully your emotions and to the extent possible, sometimes emotions can be overbearing. And my device is try to express them with more and more confidence. Sometimes it's hard, but you are going to be much more fulfilled by suppressing them.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“There are limitations actually our strength. In fact, it's a trick to limit yourself. There are examples in history if you think about Hernan Cortes goes to invade Mexico he has what a few hundred people with him and he has a hundred thousand people in arms on the other side. First thing he does Eliminates himself. He sinks his own ship. There is no return. I met Bonte actually manager. That's really cool.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yes. In fact, actually, certainly I miss it and somehow it was a sacrifice that I made consciously by the time I arrived. I knew that this I was not going to express myself at that level. And it was actually sacrifice because given that you have also your mother tongue is Russian, so you know that you can be very expressive in your mother tongue and not very expressive in your tongue. And then what people think of you in the new language because when the precise of expression things, it generates elegance or it shows knowledge or it shows as a sensus or he shows as a caste or education, whatever it is. So all of a sudden I found myself on the bottom.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Limitations are our strength. Because if you limit yourself at a very poor language, somehow you get out of it and you achieve even better form of communication if you're using a hyper sophisticated literary language with lots of resonance from the private books so that you can actually instantaneously quote. He couldn't quote anything because nothing was written in Italy before him. I really felt that limitations are our strength. And I think that rather than complaining about limitations, we should embrace them because if we embrace our limitation, limited as we are, we find very creative solutions that people with less limitation we have, we will not even think about it.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“So I understand how can you express such a sophisticated thing in two ways, and then the point is that these words that nobody actually knew because they were essentially dialect, and plus a bunch of very intricate rhymes in which you had to rhyme the things and turns out that... By getting meaning from the things that rhyme, you essentially guess what the world means. You invent Italian and you communicate by almost osmosis what you want. It's a miracle of communication. In a dialect of very poor language, very unsophisticated, to express very sophisticated situations. I love it. People love it and Italians are not Italian. But what I got of it is that very often.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“To be Italian or to be such a scholar. But being Italian, one thing that really impressed me tremendously is the divine comedy. It is a medieval poem, a very long poem, divided in three parts. Hell poor Gadorian paradise. And the vet is the non-trivial story of. A middleman man gets into a crisis. Personal crisis. And then out of this crisis, he Purifies, makes a catastrophe. It purifies himself more and more and more until Has become capable of actually meeting God. And that is actually a complex story. So here to get some very sophisticated language, maybe Latin at that point we are talking about 1200 Italy, right? In Florence. This guy instead of... His own dialect, not spoken outside his own immediate circle, right? I'm a Florentine dialect. Actually, Dante really made Italian Italian.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I mentioned six ingredients. That is typical Italian. That is, I understand that there are other cuisines, for instance, the French cuisine, which is extremely sophisticated, an extremely combinatorial, or some Chinese cuisine which has a lot of many more ingredients. In Italy, it's really striving for simplicity, yet to find few ingredients, but the right ingredients to create something. So in Parmigiana, the ingredients are eggplants, they are tomatoes, there are basil, but how to put them together and the process is a He's an actor of love, labor and love. You're going to spend the entire day when I'm exaggerating, but the entire morning for sure to do it properly.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Believes in very few ingredients. If you take quintessential Italian recipe spaghetti pest, okay? Is olive oil, very good extra virgin revolve. Basil, pine nuts, paper. Clover galley, not too much, otherwise overpower everything. And then you had to do either two schools of thought, Parmesan or Pecorino or a mix of the two.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“And there is one very laborious thing which is you heard the name, which is this Parmigiana. But to do it is a piece of art, why so many hours that only my mama could do it if we have one last meal, I want a parmigan.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“If it's one last meal, I must say era of COVID, I've not been able to see my mom. And my mom was a fantastic chef, okay? And had this very traditional food. As you know, the very traditional food are great for a reason because they survived hundreds of years of culinary innovation.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“You but if I'm going to say here to add the two and two equal to four, how much you want me to pay for vessel, if you don't give me vice, I don't add the two and two. You can add the two and two in your sleep. You don't need to be paid to add the 22. So the idea is that if we make the system so efficient so that generating the next block is so damn simple, it doesn't hit the universe, let alone my computer, let alone take some microsecond or computation, I might as well not being received incentives for doing that and try to incentivize some other part of the system, but not the main consensus, which is a mechanism for generating an adding block to the chain.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“There is an having no incentives is actually a good thing because to prevent people from reasoning or else I'm going to game the system. But why can we achieve in Alegon 12 known incentives and in Bitcoin instead yet to pay the miners because they do tremendous amount of work? Because if you have to Do a lot of work then you demand to be paid accordingly.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“What am I going to make, by honest hundred? If I am devious and if I'm a criminal, 100 bucks and one cent. You know, I might as well be honest. So that essentially is called Epsilon utility, equilibrium, but I think it's good. And that's what we design essentially means that, you know,”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yes, yes. And very often to say, and you must also design so that the incentives are And for whatever little I learned from my venture in mechanism design is that incentives are very hard to design because people are very complex creatures. And so somehow the way we design algorithms is a totally different way. Essentially, we have no incentives, essentially. But technically speaking, there is a notion that is actually believable that to say People want to maximize their utility, yes, up to a point. Let me tell you. Assume that. You are honest You make a hundred bucks But if you are dishonest, no matter how dishonest you are, you can only make a hundred bucks and one cent. What are you going to be? I'm saying, you know what? Technically speaking, even that one said nobody bothers and say”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“And so I really believe that this type of analysis is possible as a bigger radius, so it reaches more games, more classes of games. And after that, we had to enlarge it again. And it's going to be, we are going to have fun because human behavior can be conceptualized in many ways. And it's a long game.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Best movies, the movie that is best for you, no matter what the other players are doing. Sometimes a game doesn't have that. It's too much to ask. But I can design the game such a way, given the option in front of you, say, oh, these are really stupid for me. Take them aside. But these, these are not stupid. So if you design the game so that in any combination or non-stupid things that the player could do, I achieve what I want. I'm done. I don't care to find the very unique equilibrium. I don't give a damn. I want to say, well, as long as you don't do stupid things and nobody else does stupid things, good social things outcome arise. I should be equally happy.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Are all set so you can say if you want to reason if there is a way that you can analyze a restricted class of games this way. But most games don't fall into the rest of the class. Then what do I do? Then you need to enlarge away what a rational player can do. So for instance, in my opinion, at least in some of my, I played with this for a few years and I was doing some exoteric things, I'm sure, in the space that were not exactly mainstream. And then I changed my interest and blockchain. But what I'm saying for a while, I was doing, so for instance, to me is a way in which I designed the game and you don't have the best move for you”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“These tools have a range of action, like anything else, all these so-called technically solution concept, the way to analyze a game like dominance strategy equilibrium, if something comes to mind to be very meaningful. But as a limited power, in some sense, the games that can be.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“What do you want to do is ideally what you want to do is to. Design a game so that while people played so to maximize their self-interest, they achieve the social goal and behavior that I want. That is really the best type of thing. And it is a very... signs and art to design these games. And it challenges us to Actually, come up with solution concepts for a way to analyze in the games that need to be broader. And I think game theory has developed a bunch of very compelling Way to analyze the game that if the game has a best property, you can have a pretty good guarantee that it's going to be played in a given way. But as it turns out, and not surprisingly”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Because design is that you want a certain behavior to arise, right? If you want to organize a societal structure or something, you want to have some orderly behavior to arise because it is important for your goals. But you know that people, they don't care what my goals are, they cares about maximizing their utility. So Puddy Crossly making money, the more money, the better, so to speak. I'm exaggerating.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Actually, you know, at the very beginning we labored to find the first knowledge, zero knowledge proof. Then we found a second. Then we found a third. And then a few years later, actually we proved a theorem which essentially says every theorem, no matter what about, can be explained in a zero-knowledge way. So it's not a class of theorems, but all the theorems and is a very powerful thing. So we were really for thousands of years. Bought this identity between knowledge and verification to be hand in hand together and for no reason at all. I mean, we had to develop a weather technology. As you know, I'm very big on technology because it makes us more human and make us understand more things than before. And I think that's a good thing.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Something which you took for granted were the same knowledge and verification are actually separate concepts. So you can verify that an assertion is correct without having any idea why this is so. And so people fail to say if you want to verify something, you have to have the proof. Once you have the proof, you know why is true, you have the proof itself. So somehow you can totally differentiate. Knowledge and verification, validity. So totally, you can decide if something is true and still have no idea.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Does not allow me to convince you of a false statement. At the ancestors, that's a proof. Proof can be beautiful, should be elegant, but at the ancestors is true or false if you want to be able to differentiate. It is possible to prove the truth and it should be impossible or statistically extremely hard to prove something false. And if you do West, you can prove way, way more once you understand West. And on top of it, We got some insight, like in Visit Zero Knowledge proofs that is”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“So it enlarges the real mob what is provable because in some sense the classical way of proving things was extremely Inefficient from the very fire point of view. Right. And so therefore there is so much proof that you can take. But in this way, you can actually very quickly, minutes, verify something that is the correctness of an assertion, but otherwise it would have taken a lifetime to belabor and check all the passages of a very, very long proof. And you better check all of them because if you don't check one line, an error can be in that line. And so you have to go linearly through all the stuff rather than bypass this. So you enlarge tremendous amount, what the proof is. And in addition, once you have the idea that essentially a proof system is something that Allows me to convince you of a true statement.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Game that can be quickly played and you can draw statistics how many times you win is one of a big conquest of modern complexity theory. And in fact actually has highlighted the notion of a proof as a really give us a new insight of what to be true means and what truth is and what proofs are.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“More of an off of a time, or I win, say, all the time if Ethereum is true and at least at the most half of the time, if the theorem is false, you statistically get convinced, you can verify this quickly. And therefore, the game typically is extremely fast. So you generate a miniature game in which the theorem is true, I win all the time, the theorem is false, I can win at most half of the time. And if I win win, win, win, win, win, win, win, you can deduce either the theorem is true, which most probably is the case, so to speak, or I've been very, very unlucky because it's like if I had 100 coin tosses and I got 100 heads, very improbable. So that is a way. And so this transformation from the formal statement of a proof into a”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I have a winning strategy that I can win half of a time. No matter what you do. Okay, so then you say, well, is the theorem true? You believe me? Why should I believe you? Okay, let's play. So, and if I prove that I have a strategy and I win the first time and I win the second time, then I lose a third time. But I win.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“This is book for this year, this book for this year. We spend a lot of our treasury in educating our kids and in person, educating, go to class, interact with teacher on the blackboard and choke on my time. Now we can have whiteboard and presumably you're going to have actually these magic pens and display instead. But the idea is that interactively you can convey truth much more efficiently. And we knew this psychologically. It's better to hear an explanation than just to belabor some paper, right? Same thing. So interactive proofs is a way to do the following rather than doing in some complicated very long papers and possibly infinitely long proofs, exponentially long proofs, you say the following. If this theorem is true, there is a game that is a Associated to Ethereum. And the theorem is true”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Okay So, interactive profile actually is a modern realization and conceptualization of something that we knew was true, that is easy to go to lecture. In fact, that's my motivation. We invented schools to go to lecture. We don't say, oh, I'm the minister of education. I publish this book, you read it.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“But there is also some poetry of the fact that it's difficult because it gives us some mystery to life without which, I mean, it's not so fun.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“May not be one way anymore, but quantum one way function may continue to exist. And so I really believe that on a... For life to be meaningful with one wave function had to exist because just imagine that anything that becomes easy to do. I mean, what kind of life is it? I mean, so you need, and if something is hard, but it's so hard to generate, you'll never find something which is hard for you. You want that there is abundance, there is easy to produce, hard problem. My opinion is why life is interesting because that problem pop up really relative speed. So in some sense, I almost think that I do hope they exist if they don't exist somehow life is way less interesting than it actually is.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Function essentially, you can boil it down to does quantum computing. What is one way function? Is in one direction added in the other. Okay, but if quantum computing exists, when you define what it is easy, it's not easy by a classical computer and R'd by a classical computer, but easy for a quantum computer, that's a bad idea. But once easy means, it should be easy for a quantum and hard for also quantum. Then you can see that you are, yes, is a challenge, but you have hope because you can absorb if one computing really realizes and becomes available according to the promises, then you can use them also for the easy part. And once you use it from Azy part, the choices that you have a one way function, they multiply. So, okay, so they particularly candidates of one-way function.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Okay, great. So, first of all, for Verrego, not because I think it matters, but it's important that Verhegor, there are people who continue to contend that... Quantum mechanics exists, but has nothing to do with computing, it's not going to accelerate it At least Very basic are the computation. That is a belief you cannot take it out. I'm a little bit more agnostic about it, but I really believe, going back to whatever I said about the one-way function. So, one way function, what is it? That is a cryptography. So, does quantum computing chall”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Realize more and more, how much of our generica parados dictates who we are, why we prefer certain things than others, right? And why we react to noises of music, we prefer poetry of everything else. We may explain even all this. But at the end of the day, whether exists in a philosophical sense or not, it's like randomness. If you can, if pseudo-random is as good as random vis- ⁇-vis lifetime of the universe, our experience, then it doesn't really matter.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“First of all, let me give you a gut reaction And the gut reaction is that Is important that we believe that there exists free will. And second of all, almost a By weird logic, if we believe it exists, then it does exist. So it's very important for our social apparatus, for our sense of ourselves, that it exists. And the moment in which we so want, almost we conjure it up in existence. But again, I really feel that if you look at some point, the space of free will seems to shrink.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“By not any other shape, no matter how much you work on it. So, in some sense, if it exists or not, it really is a quote philosophical sense in the colloquial way to say that we cannot somehow pin it”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Well, the answer is actually maybe, but if there exists, Most probably is expensive to get. And in any case, if I give you one on mine. You would never tell me my part.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Set them aside, well, I should be intellectually honest, say, well, Pseudorandom in the special function is as good as random.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Exactly. Einstein says it does, it doesn't. But in fact, now we have a language that even at Albert time was not around, but it was this complex theory-based cryptography. And now we know that in the universe as 300 random bits, where there is random or probabilistic or deterministic, it doesn't matter because you can expand with initial seed or randomness forever in which all the experiments you can do, all the inferences you could do, all the things you could do, you will not be able to distinguish them from truly random. So if you are not able to distinguish truly random from this super duper pseudo-randomness, Really different things, so I must say some men had to become really philosophical. So for things to be different, but I don't have in my lifetime, in my lifetime of a universe, any method.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Well, they should in the past actually most of libraries used something pre-modern cryptography, unfortunately. They would be better served with 300 real seed random number and then expand when properly, as we know now. But met has been a very old idea. In fact, one of the best philosophers have debated the wave of the world was deterministic or probabilistic. Very big questions, right?”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Is de facto random. So that is sort of random generator, these expanders of secret randomness, which goes extremely fast. Okay, Mes said, what is expanders?”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“But the randomness, you cannot create it on nothing, but what you can do is that it can be expanded. So in other words, if you give me some hour 300 random bits, surely random bits, then I can give you three hundred thousand three hundred million, 300 trillions, 300 quadrillions, as many as you want, random bits, so that even though I tell you the recipe by which I produce these bits, but I don't tell you the initial 300 random numbers, I keep them secret, and you see all the bits I produced so far. If you were to bet, given all the bits produced so far, what is the next bit in my sequence? Better than 50-50. Of course 50-50, anybody can guess, right? But to be inferring something, you have to be a bit better than the effort to do this extra bit is so enormous that”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Let's go back to Sudogana number generation. First of all, people think of the pseudo-random mageration generates a random number. Not true, because I don't believe that from nothing you can get something. So nothing from nothing.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Of reductions and mathematical apparatus, very simple function, morphs itself into sort of random generation. This simple function morphs itself in digital signature scheme in which digital assigning should be easy and forging should be hard. Again, a digital signature is not going from x to f4x, but the magic and the richness of this notion is that it is so powerful that it morphs in all kinds of incredible constructs and in both these two opposites coexist, the easy and the hard, and in my opinion is very, very elegant not.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Because very often in any mythology that we think of, the most powerful gods or goddesses are the ones of X and the opposite of X, the gods of love and death. And when you take opposites, they don't just erase one another, you create something way more powerful. And this one way function is extremely powerful because essentially becomes something that is easy for the good guys and bad for the bad guys. So for instance, in pseudo random number generation, the easy part of the function corresponds you want to generate bits very quickly. And R is predicting what the next bit is. It doesn't look the same. One is x alpha x going from x of x to x r what has to do with predicting bits.”
2021-03-15 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #168 – Silvio Micali: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Algorand, Bitcoin, and Ethereum · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source