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Steve Case

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2016-04-18
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2016-04-18
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  1. Some of the set top box issues that we debated around open access for the Internet 20 years ago are now becoming kind of front and center. So again, I'm not focusing on politics, but overall I think he has been good on the entrepreneurship issues, technology issues. Hopefully the next president, whoever it might be, will take that to the next level.

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  2. It has been a good tech person. I think he's focused on some of these startup issues, the work that we've done with the White House, whether it be the Jobs Act on crowdfunding or some of the other things last summer, the first ever kind of startup day, kind of bringing a lot of different startups in, really focused also on the need for inclusivity and diversity in terms of smack the

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  3. It's a lovely place. Why don't Because I kind of like my gig now. It's a great opportunity to invest in entrepreneurs through revolution, do some great work. Gene really, as you know, leads it with the Case Foundation, things like impact investing and inclusive entrepreneurship that we care about. And sitting in DC, and I said, been here for a while, I hopefully can be a useful force in trying to nudge people together, build some bridges to get some stuff done, particularly around innovation, entrepreneurship. So I do get back to Hawaii from time to time, but I'm not kind of ready to hang it up and retire. You in the press.

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  4. Well, I think you're on board here. You're talking about the third wave. You're talking about the importance of following the third wave. Now you're talking about the fourth wave. Is there any more waves and you're jumping in the waves? Oh my God, I totally didn't realize the Hawaii.

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  5. little bit. But no, I think food is a big sector. It hasn't changed much. The big food companies dominate most of the stuff people, it's kind of junk food. And so I think there is going to be a revolution in food. We've backed sweet green, which is a fast casual concept kind of eating away at fast food, growing rapidly. We've back revolution foods, which is focused on school lunches, now expanded into supermarkets. So we do believe that's a sector. And that's an example. It's not really tech per se, but it is tech enabled. It is internet enabled, 25% of sweet green orders now are on smartphones. My guess is in a few years it'll be 50%.

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  6. I'll license it to him. I think it does. I think it is. I think it is. Have you? I'm going to have to talk to Lynn about copyright. So bringing us together, you know, that is the Swisher candidacy. We're all winners, not losers. Oh, I like it.

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  7. It should be. I'll license it to him. I think it does. I think it is. I think it is. Well, they stole it from me because I've been saying it for years. Have you? I'm going to have to talk to Lynn about copyright.

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  8. I think a bridge builder, I'm not going to comment on any particular candidate, but I think we need to rebuild the center of politics. I think everything on both sides has gotten too extreme. People are talking past each other, and you need to get people in the room figuring out constructive solutions that allow the country to move forward on a lot of fronts, but particularly on these issues that I think are core or the third wave. How do we make sure that I remind people here that 250 years ago, America itself was a startup. It was just an idea

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  9. This is one crazy freaking election. It is a crazy one. I've lived in this town for three decades and I've tried to stay on the sidelines from politics and whoever the president is come January and whoever is controlling the Congress, I'll try to be to the extent they want me to be. What kind of president do we need?

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  10. I think most of the successful kind of iconic third wave companies don't yet exist, just as at the beginning of the second wave. Facebook didn't exist. Uber didn't exist. And there will be some companies that make the transition, but there will also be a new set of companies that come out of nowhere and change the world. And I think that's the place to watch. And I don't think it's just going to be watching it, looking for it. In Silicon Valley and New York City and Boston, it's going to surprise people. Well, hopefully within this country, in these rise of the rest regions, but we are seeing both regional. Number one is it makes sure crowdfunding works because that levels the playing field in terms of opportunity. It makes it easier for people to raise capital if they don't have money or don't know people who have money creating more kind of fearless communities, encouraging risk-taking in different communities, making sure the regulations are right. I think at a national level, we need to, once we get through this election cycle, figure out a way to pass immigration reform so we can win what's now a global battle for talent. There's a bunch of things we need to do to make sure

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  11. Well, I think it doesn't matter so much what sector they focus on, but I hope they'll choose to tackle big problems that really can improve people's lives in significant ways. I think if they do that, even though it would be harder and require more perseverance, there's an opportunity to build significant companies that have more barriers to entry because it is hard to get in, therefore fewer people will do it. So I think the perseverance is important. But I think the number one theme in the book is you can't go alone. You have to figure out a way to partner in the third wave. It's not just about dropping the app in the app store and hoping you get lucky. And that the skill set around partnerships, not just with companies or organizations in different sectors, but with in this case also the government on policy, I think is going to be one of the defining attributes of the great iconic entrepreneurs of the Third Wave.

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  12. Oh, no, I am not. He is a great boss, though. In any case, it is also jarring because it's everything that's happening around economies. So let's do some predictions when we finish up. Let's talk about what you really think far out. Like you're trying to do the visionary thing here, like where it's going. If you had to pull one thing out of this book that you think is the most important thing entrepreneurs have to keep in mind, there's always going to be money. There's always going to be a bubble. Whether it's up or down doesn't really matter. There's always going to be money's going to flow to where innovation is eventually. What do you think the most critical thing people have to think about moving forward?

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  13. I love you. I love you. Now, Leonis offered me a job, Ted Leonzas, at the time, years and years ago, and then he's, every now and then, yes, without your knowledge. That's such a great great great great g

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  14. So, when you're thinking about if you were a job seeker today, because I think jobs is a really interesting topic of where we're going with this, because when we begin to really upend the economy, and I think we haven't even gotten started yet in terms of where it's going, and this next wave does hit the big stuff, the cars and food.

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  15. No, delivery was our big thing. Back then, delivery wasn't very popular. Obviously, it's pretty universal. So I learned a lot of things at both those companies, but thankfully I finally found my way into the... Digital

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  16. Pretty innovative. Why did you not rise to the top of that organism? That failed in testimony. Nobody wanted a talent. I learned early on that a marketer is going to get you to try something and it can't force you to buy a bad product on a persistent basis. But my point is I had three jobs in three years, so my parents were kind of freaked out. Now some people have free.

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  17. And that's gone from an idea that didn't exist five years ago. Millions of people are now part of that probably will be tens of millions of people. And the amazing thing is when I was a kid growing up, the model was go to work for a big company and stay there forever. Like my dad worked for one company for 60 years.

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  18. and convenience, also gives more flexibility to the worker that we've seen a lot of people that really get more control of their lives. They want to take a morning off to go to their kids' school or they have some other issue they need to deal with. They have the ability to do that. They didn't have that before. People in kind of the kind of professional white-collar kind of side of things did. There are a lot of people who, teachers, for example, that could do some freelance work on project work as kind of working with specific students on helping them tutor on things like that. Some lawyers did that and there are a lot of people who would say they want to not work full-time. They just want to work part-time and they do project work for law firms. But that same opportunity wasn't available to the broader array of workers. Now it is, whether it be driving a car for Uber or cleaning for handy or delivering groceries for Instacart or TaskRabbit or all of those. That gives them more flexibility.

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  19. I think everybody has to have an entrepreneurial mindset because even the nature of work. I'm not talking about creating a company. I think this is part of what now is being debated here in Washington, some called the gig economy, I prefer calling it the flexible economy.

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  20. Farming food So, how do you do that? Because most people, you know, I was talking to someone the other day and we were talking about jobs, and I said, you know, you really have to be an entrepreneur. Everyone has to be an entrepreneur going forward. Well, everybody has to.

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  21. Well, the number one thing you need to do, this jobs counselor I was involved in, I guess, four years ago, and did lead to the Congress passing the Jobs Act, which legalized crowdfunding and created an on-ramp for IPOs, a bunch of things. But the data there was pretty compelling. In the last three decades, 40 million jobs have been created from young high-growth startup, not from the small businesses, the Main Street restaurants, not from the big Fortune 500 companies from startups. So if you want to create jobs, you've got to focus on startups. You can't just focus on Silicon Valley and New York City and Boston. You have to focus on the whole country, and you can't just focus on tech. You have to focus on other sectors like food, farming. All kinds of different things. And so how do you bring that innovation ethos to the rest of the country and to other aspects of our lives? And that's what I think the third wave is going to be all about.

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  22. Well, I think in some sectors, but I also believe there'll be other sectors where the innovations will create jobs. And so the question is, how do you maximize as many of those sectors as possible? I'm not in the defeatist category that says basically every technology is going to solve every problem and therefore we're not going to need teachers or doctors. It's all going to be an algorithm. I think that's ridiculous. At the same time, it's equally ridiculous to hypothesize that technology is not going to hollow out some jobs, particularly middle class jobs. And that's what a lot of people in the country are kind of angry and frustrated. You had dealt with that. You had a job.

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  23. Well, it's a watch company and sort of a luxury goods company, but it's really a built in America company and the founder really started with the idea of creating jobs and how do you create jobs, improve that manufacturing is back in America, and prove that you can kind of build a luxury good brand that basically is crafted, handcrafted in America, in that particular case in Detroit. So that's what was inspiring about it. It's going to be a great business. I think it's a very profitable business, but it's very purpose driven in this whole idea of talking to you.

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  24. And I say this without suggesting this is going to happen to Silicon Valley. But it is going to happen. Remind people that 75 years ago, Detroit was Silicon Valley. Right. It was the hottest technology city in the country and then lost its way, lost 60% of its population, then went bankrupt because it kind of lost its entrepreneurial mojo. So these things rise and these things fall. Now, Detroit is fighting its way back, and we've made some investments there. What do you invested?

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  25. And I really do believe that Silicon Valley is very well positioned because of the talent, because of the capital, because of this sort of fearlessness anything is possible culture. But I also think people will be surprised in this third way of the next 10 or 15 years how much innovation happens outside of some of the countries. Right, let's talk.

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  26. Well, you see an opportunity in San Francisco, all this wealth, all this innovation, and yet a city that has a lot of issues and shouldn't and should be a beacon for other cities. It's really an interesting.

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  27. It is critical, exactly. The third wave is going to be about this intersection between innovation policymaking. And people don't really, not everybody wants to understand that or be part of that, which is fine, but more and more people will because that's really where this is going.

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  28. Think that's generally true, and certainly the history of technology and even the history of Silicon Valley still in the grand scheme of things relatively brief. But there are some companies, General Electric would be one that's over 100 years old and constantly reinventing itself. I think doing some interesting industrial internet and even moving to Connecticut suburbs to downtown Boston to be closer to innovators and entrepreneurs. So there are examples of companies that continue to reinvent themselves, but obviously it's hard. It's going to have scale. It's harder to innovate. It's harder to be agile, which is why I call for in the book, these folks, not just to try to do it internally, but figure out a way to do it through a network around their companies. That's going to be make or break in the third wave.

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  29. It's not inevitable. It's pretty common, but it's not inevitable. You have to keep focusing not just on managing the core business to make sure you have growth and profits and so forth, but you're leaning into the future and looking at entering new businesses.

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  30. Well, I think they're a little late. I think the car companies are investing heavily in making acquisitions, and we tried, Revolution invested in zip car probably 12, 13 years ago, arguably the first sharing economy car, the first kind of mobility company. Back then tried to partner with some of the car companies. But by the time they were more focused on their core business and less interested in new businesses, and now they lost kind of an opportunity for the better part of a decade, the success of Uber, the success of Tesla has kind of woken them up. They're now being much more focused on this. And I think there's still an opportunity.

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  31. It's an old idea that they've done a really good job of executing. So these bigger companies, whether it be tech companies, whether it be Facebook or Google or Apple or Amazon, obviously can continue to lead if they continue to figure out ways to innovate not just within, but around their companies and lean into the future. I think that's true of the Fortune 500 as well, not just the tech companies, but a lot of companies. It's not guaranteed that they're going to lose their way. It's not guaranteed that they're going to be left behind. But they will be if they don't kind of understand what's happening and figure out a way to engage with innovators and entrepreneurs to make sure their future is bright.

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  32. I think they've done a great job of kind of focusing on the core and figuring out new markets just in the last couple weeks on this book tour. We've used Facebook Live a lot, and it's amazing to see how that idea has already kind of taken an old idea, too.

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  33. Well, Steve Jobs is not partner verse. I mean, the success of iPod was only possible because he was able to figure out a way to engage the music companies. That was completely irrelevant, dead on arrival without licensed music. And so he figured out a way to do that.

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  34. It depends. Part of my argument is that the incumbents can continue to innovate, but it's going to require not just innovating within their company, but around their company, almost building a network, kind of creating an API around their company. So they are connected to innovative things happening around the periphery and look to partner with entrepreneurs. I think that's going to define the third wave. It's not big companies watching kind of on the sidelines, it's engaging with entrepreneurs, but it's also going to require the entrepreneurs engaging with the big companies. This partnership is going to be a big deal, I mentioned in the book that African proverb, which I love, which is you want to go quickly, you can go alone. If you want to go far, you must go together. And that's going to define the third wave. And oh, by the way, it also defined the first wave. As you know, companies like AOL wouldn't have been possible without partnership. We partner with network companies and PC manufacturers and content companies, hundreds of partnerships. That's what made the AOL and the internet happen. Are they partner reverse?

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  35. It's going to get worse. It's going to get more complicated. The issues that are now up for grabs in the third wave in terms of innovation are cut at the core of what's healthcare, transportation. Important parts of our society. And so the government's going to be more at the table. I understand a lot of entrepreneurs, particularly in Silicon Valley, don't want to hear that kind of bummed out when I say it, but it's true. If you really are going to take on some of these sectors, which I would argue have the opportunity to improve people's lives in pretty fundamental ways and also the opportunity to build pretty significant valuable iconic companies, it's going to require this different mindset, which is the whole reason I finally decided to write a book.

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  36. Well, I would say in the last few years, I think Uber is certainly the one that struck a chord and has reached the position of leadership in lots of different cities, lots of different countries. So that is an example. Obviously, the other things would be Tesla and other people that have come up with interesting cars, some of the things that a lot of companies, Google and others, are working on driverless cars. And that's a great example of something that's not going to work without policy. I mean, how do you make sure that those driverless cars are really safe and communities are benefit from them? It's possible, but there's also some risk that ties in with privacy encryption kind of issues. I think the government's going to make sure that these things can't get hacked into and actually create problems.

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  37. Obviously, what Uber's done is phenomenal, but there's now a lot of people working on smart cities, both local governments as well as big companies like IBM and GE are trying to figure out how do you create smarter cities that better manage traffic and other kinds of things and transportation is going to be part of that broader context, that broader architecture, if you will. And therefore, it's the innovators in transportation are going to need to figure out ways to partner with some of us. So what's the most innovative thing you've seen?

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  38. Well, I don't mean to be insulting, but I think because, again, there are some really important things that have happened in the second wave, but there's even more important things that you can have. So talk about each of those.

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  39. A great success story, but they are blocked in, you know, they're out of business in Germany and South Korea, some places where the countries are deciding, not the localities are deciding. They have a problem. They have two floors of the building we're in here in Washington, D.C. because they now recognize policy is front and center. I think that is an example of a company that started thinking it was an app company, kind of a second wave company, and now recognized that policy is much, much more important. And that's going to be more common in the third wave. So some entrepreneurs will just want to continue to do second wave app kind of things, and that's fine. But I believe the next wave of entrepreneurship.

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  40. Which I understand. And I think that one of the things that's great about entrepreneurs is they see what might be possible. And sometimes naivete is a competitive advantage. Not really a competitive advantage. No, I think it's fair to say the founders of PayPal said if they knew more about the financial service business, they never would have come up with PayPal. I think that's true. But it's also true, particularly in the third wave, that that naivete, that ignorance can actually get you in trouble. And if you don't have some understanding of the industry, you don't have some, for example, you're focused on education, you don't understand how teachers are dealing with issues or some of the challenges in hospitals for doctors, you don't have some respect for that and understanding for that, it's likely going to be more difficult to establish partnerships there. And if you don't have some understanding of some of the policy issues you likely could get in trouble and the examples you make, like in Airbnb, they actually didn't need regulations to be get into the market. And Uber, they decided to kind of ignore the local regulations. It hurt them. It's a great success.

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  41. Because government's frustrating. Why hasn't Silicon definitely has an anathema to that kind of thing, except the areas they're getting into, the companies that are now becoming major, I would say Airbnb, people are doubling down on the big bets like Airbnb, Uber. Some food technology is super interesting that's going on there, but a lot of the health tech stuff that's going on. And let's leave Theranos out of it for now. But there's a lot of innovative health tech going on. They really do, they start from a stance of fighting, or aren't you stupid? Which I understand.

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  42. A lot of things that are not unimportant but aren't as essential as some of the things that need to get some attention. But it will require, I think, a fundamentally different mindset, both for entrepreneurs and investors. I think perseverance is going to be more important partnerships are going to be more important than policy dealing with governments going to be more important. People hate to hear that because government's frustrating and regulations are cumbersome and so forth. But the reality is some of these sectors, whether it be health or learning or food or transportation drones, things like that, there's going to be some regulations associated with them. And so the successful entrepreneurs are going to figure out a way to understand that and engage, maybe try to change some of the.

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  43. I've spent a fair amount, but I spend more of my time on the rise of the rest and more time obviously here in D. So I have great respect for entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley and investors in Silicon Valley. But I would say in general, your point is fair, that there are a lot of people focusing on sort of, I'd say, kind of the easy problems and things like apps. And I think over the next decade. Food delivery.

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  44. Some of the incumbents are going to become important. I would expect some of those partners, the companies that are starting to be near those partners. I also think you'll see spinoffs like an agriculture technology, ag tech. There are a lot of interesting things happening in Silicon Valley and Boston. There are also a lot of interesting things happening in Louisville and St. Louis. Monsanto, for example, is based in St. Louis. They have tens of thousands of engineers. Some of those are going to go off because they understand farming. They understand agriculture and they're going to be a startup scene in St. Louis around ag tech.

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  45. That's because Carnegie Mellon is the best kind of university in terms of robotic technology and understanding of that, some successful companies recently like Under Armour started athletic wear and now doing a lot of things around health tech there in Baltimore. One of the hottest VR companies in the world called Magic Leap with a billion dollars of capital including Gulf and Fort Lauderdale, Florida, a company like Exact Target was quite successful acquired by Salesforce for $3 billion. They're in Indianapolis. There's a handful of multi-billion dollar kind of SaaS software companies in Provo, Utah. So we're seeing this develop kind of quietly. I think it's just going to accelerate over the next decade. And the reason for that is because some of the industries that are most ripe for disruption like healthcare are centered in the middle of the country and partnerships will become more important in this world. It's not going to be just about the software. It's not going to just be about the app, partnerships with

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  46. I think that's right. And I think part of what I argue in the book is, well, I love Silicon Valley. I'm proud of Silicon Valley will continue to be kind of the leader of the pack in terms of innovation. I think you'll see a lot of the innovation in this third wave all across the country, what I call the rise of the rest. There's great companies being built.

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  47. Right. The Marx after burgundization Fundamental aspects of our lives. I have a saying that Silicon Valley, and I'm using this broadly in tech, is a lot of big minds chasing small ideas. I say that a lot. It has been. And now the big ideas need to be. I think that's right.

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  48. Yeah, I think there's obviously a lot of things that have happened, but yeah, the center of gravity has been around apps, lean startups. And so there have been a lot of overnight successes. So this idea of sort of the dorm room entrepreneur, Snapchat, Facebook, et cetera, create an interesting product and it turns into something that gets virally spread and suddenly is a major kind of global platform. That's sort of been the kind of the iconicization of the second wave and hats off to them. They've built some great companies and the things that they've been created through that second wave, I think, are very powerful. But we still haven't really touched on some of the things that are pretty fundamental aspects of our lives.

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  49. Yeah, that's beyond the Internet of Things, which talks about devices and sensors. It's really the Internet of Everything. And you think about some of the most important aspects of our lives, like how we stay healthy or how our kids learn or how we move around or how we manage energy or how we even think about things like food. They've changed somewhat in the first or second way. And they'll change a lot more in the third way, but require different mindsets.

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  50. Well, the second way really been the last 15 years because then the first wave we were building the internet, second wave, the whole focus was building things on top of the internet, particularly apps and services, particularly things on phones. And that's really been an exciting kind of phase. And there will continue to be opportunities to build apps and things like that. But I think the next wave of the third wave is going to be integrating the internet in much more seamless and pervasive ways across every app.

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