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Steve Klinsky

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2026-03-31
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2026-03-31
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  1. This material should not be copied, distributed, published, or reproduced in whole or in part, or disclosed by any recipient to any other person without the express written consent of Goldman Sachs. Disclosures applicable to research with respect to issuers, if any, mentioned herein, are available through your Goldman Sachs representative or at www.gs.com slash research slash hedge.html. Goldman Sachs does not endorse any candidate or any political party. Copyright 2025 Goldman Sachs, all rights reserved.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  2. The opinions of yours expressed herein are as of the date of publication, subject to change without notice, and may not necessarily reflect the institutional views of Goldman Sachs or his affiliates. The material provided is intended for informational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice, a recommendation from any Goldman Sachs entity to take any particular action, or an offer or solicitation to purchase or sell any securities or financial products. This material may contain forward-looking statements. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Neither Goldman Sachs nor any of its affiliates make any representations or warranties expressed or implied as to the accuracy or completeness of the statements or information contained herein, and disclaim any liability whatsoever for reliance on such information for any purpose. Each name of a third-party organization mentioned is the property of the company to which it relates, is used here strictly for informational and identification purposes only, and is not used to imply any ownership or license rights between any such company and Goldman Sachs. A transcript is provided for convenience and may differ from the original video or audio content. Goldman Sachs is not responsible for any errors in the transcript.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  3. So far, so good. You wouldn't want to see me on the golf course. And people say, when are you going to retire? I have no golf game. I'd rather be in the office. They can't fire me. They can all quit, but they can't really fire me. So I love just doing what I'm doing.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  4. Yeah, so the most fun is when my kids were young enough and I had four of them at home, they're now all young adults. So I feel like my friends on the playground have moved away and I've left on the playground without them. So I'm a little bit forlorn and all that. But I love movies. I love theater. I love reading. I love the city. I love going to someplace warm or get away for the weekend. So it's just, I don't have, I'm like a huge sailor or golfer. I'm not the only thing I'm really competitive about is business. I'm not at all competitive The only thing I gravitate towards is building New Mountain, you know, building my family and building new mountains.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  5. Know, I don't really admire stock pickers so much because I find it kind of, I don't know how consistent that really is. I admire anyone who truly builds a business. And I admire from whatever their starting point is to wherever they got to. So they started with absolutely nothing and they built the best Greek diner on the lower east side. I would admire that tremendously. You know, if Elon Musk gets space X going and SpaceX can catch the rocket when it lands, I admire that. So anybody who's building things in a good way and from wherever they started to wherever they got to.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  6. That was it. That was it. So I went out and bought what was called a nerdbag, the biggest briefcase I gave. So the best advice I ever got was get a bigger briefcase. A little further from that, I read a book once by a theologian Martin Buber about there's hallowowness and everything and it's your job as a human to kind of bring the hallowess out. So that was very involved in my thinking about charter schools and charity and other things and also just how to deal with people in your own firm, the companies you're buying. It's kind of an idea of there's a spark of divinity in everything and bring that spark out. And it could be a sheltered dog you take home or whatever it is. So that was probably the most meaningful

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  7. I had to go to the head of mergers who at the time was Mike Overlock. And there's no way around it. I couldn't dodge. And I had to tell him the truth. He said, let me talk to John Weinberg. And I'm thinking, and I deserve to be fired for many reasons. But, you know, they came back the next day and he said, John Weinberg says, get a bigger briefcase.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  8. Well, I have two answers. I'll give you one, which is when I almost got fired from Goldman Sachs. If you have enough time in this podcast, I was a first-year associate. It was a client of John Weinberg Knight Ritter newspapers. They were selling two little newspapers where they gave us the secret papers and they say, protect these secret papers. And I was carrying those papers and I was running around. We were on merger time. We were late.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  9. I think my greatest strength as an investor is pattern recognition and being able to put teams together where the weakness of one person is supplemented by the strength of another to get a coherent team together and to keep the eye on what is the key objective, how do you get to the key objective.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  10. All right, well, I'm going to blow up all future interviews by giving my secrets away. But when I hire somebody, like as a new associate, I'm looking for someone who can run the firm one day. I assume they can run the computer models before they ever get to me. So besides trying to get to know them and what they're good and bad at, I ask them, what do they read and who do they admire? Because I'm looking for intellectual curiosity and breadth, and I'm looking for what their value system is. That's a good question.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  11. So, again, I think more and more about business building and true value add. And the other big evolution that's recent is this idea that you don't have to sell your best company in five years. You can continue it, let your investors out if they want to be out, let new investors in if they want to come in, you know, do a trophy asset continuation vehicle. I think that's a very, very important and proper evolution if you do it right. We've done two of those trophy asset CVs ourselves. And we like the strategy. If another firm is doing that with their best asset instead of selling it the way they would have a few years ago, they're saying, no, we're not going to sell it. We're going to keep it. But invest as we keep it, we want to have a strategy to do that as well. So I think it's very important both from the GP point of view and as an investment strategy.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  12. Year of time and 30 grand of money. So we have 800,000 people have used it without advertising. We've given away 250,000 courses, which is 25,000 free years of college, and it's just getting started.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  13. It's an unreal number. It's gotten, even if you're an instate person in a place like Indiana, Purdue's like 33,000 a year and they're trying to keep the tuition down. So, what modern states is there's a set of exams that people had forgotten about called the Klep exams that are like advanced placement exams, but anybody can take them. They're also from the college board. They're in 32 subjects, and they've been around for 50 years, and basically every state, school community, college will say, if you pass the college algebra club, you're done with college algebra. You have the credit. So you can do about a year of college just by passing these exams. We hired the best professor in every one of these subjects, created an online course we give away for free at modernstates.org. Go on your phone or whatever, and anyone can go to them. And we give you a free course, free readings, free practice questions. If you pass our exam, we pay the CLEP exam fee, which is $100. And if you're Abe Lincoln and you're totally impoverished, but you're ambitious, you can get a year of college this way and save.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  14. Of a genetic illness when I was in graduate school. So when I made partner at Forceman and I had some means, I went and created an after school program in his name, which is still going. That's what gave me the hands-on experience to say, you know, I was in what was East New York, which at the time was the crack war capital of New York City, had more murders than the state of Nebraska in this one neighborhood. And yet when I would go visit the school, the kids were fantastic, the teachers were fantastic. So there was something about the system, not the kids. So that's what led me to say, well, let me get into charter schools and take that concept and make a full dad of it. And then that got me on to deeper into education. Again, in the modern states, we did the Strayer deal, which was a wonderful, very high quality company, great education for people, but all tuition for college has got

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  15. Yeah, so I'm involved in a bunch of charity. First of all, I do think it's not because of guilt of business. I think what we do in business, if you're building something is very proper, we have a social dashboard. We've added, created over 70,000 jobs that have job losses. We pay very well. So, I mean, I'm proud of what New Mountain does. That being said, you just want to have a full active, meaningful life. So I and my family are involved in lots of charities. A lot of them are children's health, a lot of other things. But education has been really fundamental. And back even before charter school, six year before charter schools, I set up after school centers in the most crime-ridden part of New York City called the Gary Klinsky Children's Centers that are still running. I had an older brother named Gary, who when I was a kindergartner, he was a seventh grader, and he would give me school after school was incredibly important in my life. My mom was trained as a school teacher. He died of a genetic.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  16. And it's all tied together. So it's not like we're marketing for five different firms. It's one team that we can use more and more and make stronger and stronger. That's how we got up to 300 people. When I left Force when Little, it was the second biggest firm in the world with eight professionals. And lots of jets. And I have 300 people and no jets. So that's the difference between, you know, and I love Force Miller. I had a great time there. It was very well treated.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  17. Knowledge that we have as owners of private equity businesses. We have one central analytical engine. So let's say it's a great software company and another firm paid 20 times for it and we didn't want to pay 21. We're happy dropping down to six times debt with 14 parts equity underneath us.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  18. So here's what happened when the Great Recession hit in 08 and Lehman went bankrupt. You could buy the first lien of the safest companies we had studied that someone else had bought that were on plan and non-cyclical. The markets were so distressed we could buy first lien at 60 cents on the dollar and make over a 30% return just holding it to maturity. So we first went into private credit as a private equity line item. But the key to our private credit is We've only we've had $100 billion of enterprise value creation at our private equity funds with a 0.2% loss rate since we started. We're very focused, kind of a family business mentality. We don't have portfolio theory. We have family business theory. So we try to keep companies safe in safe industries. If someone else buys a business we like and we just don't want to outbid them. We can drop down and be a lender in that same industry to that same company with all the

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  19. Yeah. So we've always love private credit and we've been in the private credit strategies ever since 2008. So we've been in it now for 17 years.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  20. Of 300 people at New Mountain. It's not me as the business builder, it's the team that we put together. If you have the right team and add value, I think it's a great asset class.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  21. Highest performing in return Much lower volatility and drawdown than so the public markets and private equity are the two highest compared to infrastructure or government bonds or something like that. In the last year or two, private equity's fallen behind because you can't beat Navidia when it's on a run. But on the other hand, even if we're second highest, we're still above kind of any other class. And I think we'll get up to number one again. And it gives diversification. You can't as an institutional manager for your own 401k to have all your money basically in seven stocks is pretty difficult. There are more private companies than public. You can add more value to them. So I think it's just an inherently good asset class. But to me, within private equity, with 5,000 firms, it's like when they say, well, how does private equity do? It's like, well, what does restaurant food taste like? You know, there's 5,000 restaurants and it's up to the chef. So it's firm by firm. But I think if you are a business builder and we have a

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  22. So I continue to think private equity is a great space. Let me speak about my own firm and then the industry more generally. We've had a good run of it. Our cash back has been very strong. Our deployment's been very steady. So we raised our last fund a couple years ago and we're oversubscribed. So we've had a very good run of it. In general, the biggest headwinds to private equity as a class have been a slowdown in deal volume, less cash back to the investors. And also there was so much optimism and so much kind of faith in unicorns in 21 that some people bought companies that were overvalued in 21 that they're still stuck with. So those are the headwinds for the private equity space. That being said, I think the tailwinds or the advantages outweigh those, which is we've been the highest asset class for institutions for decade after decade.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  23. Every business that we own, which are usually technology enabled services businesses, we're just trying to go business function by business function and what can we improve with AI, either to raise the margin or you can do business that was too hard to do with humans that you can look at smaller bills than you used to analyze. You can do better audits than you used to do, that sort of thing. So we're using it very intensively both to take the companies we have and make them the best in their space and to try to make sure no one gets in front of us by being better than us. And we also, like I say, have the infra companies that are wiring the data center, servicing them, working about the whole infra buildup.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  24. So, you know, AI is a very important development. In my career, because I've been doing this a long time, I saw personal computers come in. When I used to be at Goldman in 1981 and we were doing an LBO model, I used to have to fill out a questionnaire and hand it to a computer operator who would sit at a big terminal and do one run. And it would take like a day to get it back. So that's where I came in. So personal computers, the internet, the cloud, other things now AI. AI is very important. Before Gen AI, we used AI, for example, at Blue Yonder, that company I just mentioned. It was named Blue Yonder because we bought a little company in Germany with 72 PhDs called Blue Yonder and changed the name of the whole business. So we were using AI before Gen AI. But since ChatGPT and Gen AI came out, we've had a major, major task force project on it. And the way we're using it is effectively at...

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  25. Has no CapEx would still be needed if data center construction stopped. You'd still need the technicians for the centers that exist. Very high free cash flow. Or we have companies that are building an infrastructure building the power grid design, building the water grid. So we've been very good in that area. We bought the first accounting firm, anybody bought a firm called Citroen Cooperman that we bought and sold, and now we own Grant Thornton, which is one of the seven largest accounting firms. We've done great in insurance services and healthcare tech and life science supplies. We do like software, but we only win at a value price. We're very skeptical about just high multiples in general. We're kind of growth at a value price shop. So it's those type of sectors.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  26. Like our first transaction was in post secondary education for working adults. So in 2001, we bought a company called Strayer, which was a very high quality university system, went from 400 to a billion six of market value as the first internet was crashing. And we got out of it in 05. We've never gone back into another post-secondary. The tuition gets higher, higher, higher. And I now run the biggest charity for free college in the country with 800,000 users. So we've never invested again. I think we still know the most about this space. So that's the sort of sector we're not doing anymore. The sort of places we've been having some very good success at in recent years are things like infrastructure services. So we're not spending a trillion building the data centers, but we just bought a company that's the leading force of technicians maintaining data centers. It grew 50% organically last year.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  27. Yeah. So again, we go through a formal process every year where the whole firm suggests sectors and we nominate and vote and discuss and we slowly shape the list. So there are sectors we made a fortune in 25 years ago that we won't touch anymore.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  28. I most look for who's succeeded in the past, somehow or other, when someone has good luck or bad luck, it turns out if they have good luck all the time, you know, you're not quite sure every little thing they did that led to the right answer if they had bad luck, every little thing they did wrong that led to a bad answer. But past success means a lot. You know, having worked with people that you know, people that have been pulled along by their former bosses to their next job, there's a lot, and it's a gut judgment, but we do our best at it.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  29. Yeah, it's a really tough question. It's a high value question to make the decision on the right CO. So we're very hands on. The way we're set up as an organization is we start by saying what industries do we want to be in? I mean, there are some industries that melt underneath you and there's nothing you could do no matter how good the CO is. And there are other industries that have the wind at their back. So we look for the right industry. We now have 12 sectors staffed up with 25 subsectors. We look at a thousand companies a year to buy eight. So we're very deep in those sectors meeting all the management and we've had a lot of good management work with us. When we buy a company, if there's a great management team there, we love it. We'd love to just back a great management team. Very often, though, we're buying a division that's been orphaned or the founder's retiring and wants someone else to build it. So you do have to go out and get a new CO and there's a skill to it. We've made mistakes along the way.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  30. Monitoring how the team is doing and what adjustments we should make as situations change. But it's a very thoughtful plan and it's actually getting, I think, stronger for us as we have managers we trust who can really be more specific about exactly how to improve things.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  31. Yeah, so as we buy businesses, first of all, we're dealing in sectors that we've been spending years in building advantages. As we buy the company, we've developed effectively a five-year plan with a specific value creation things that we plan to do. And the plans are frankly getting better and better over time as my team gets bigger and more operational as the years go on. And we actually even write a thesis letter to our investors as we're buying the business. This is why it's a good industry. This is why it's a safe company. These are the five areas of growth we're really going to focus on. You know, we call our shots pretty clearly. There's no single tool that we use. It's not like we have one trick that we always do. There's 20 or 24 different ways to build businesses. It's the pricing. It's the sales force. It's add-on acquisitions. It's international expansion. It's getting better management. So we work on all of those and then we're constantly.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  32. And I was just trying to explain that it wasn't, we didn't have some special invention, it wasn't some special trick. It's just we, there's 20 or 24 ways we try to build businesses and just try to go through a case study. But, you know, there's other case studies as well. But the skeptics still think it's a trick or a theft or something, which I keep trying to fight against.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  33. Yeah, so I wrote it a couple years ago about a company of ours called Blue Yonder. I've been the chair of the private equity industry. There's something called the American Investment Council that represents all 5,000 firms. And I had been the chair. And I keep trying to explain to people that private equity properly done is... Just best in quality business building, that's some financial trick. So I used a case study. Blue Yonder was a business that we had bought when it was $600 million in value called Red Prairie, very sleepy little supply chain software company. We built it up in all sorts of ways into the world's leading supply chain software company with AI and other things and it sold it for over $8 billion of value. So $600 million to over $8 billion.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  34. And there was a little squib in a newsletter, and Fujibank's legal department read it and called me up and said, very sorry, we own the mountain name for our money fund of 2001. So I said, oh, no, I have no money, no team. I don't even have a name. And I went through months of every Greek god, every Nord's god, every type of oak tree. And eventually it was January of 2000, New Century, New Firm, New Mountain. And the lawyer said, okay, we'll let you through with New Mountain. And what's funny now is there are other firms that are called mountain or old mountain or stuff. It looks like we spun out of them, but we were the, I think, the first mountain name anybody had used. That's great. And now there's other versions that people use a mountain name.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  35. After having forced little where the fight over was there a comma or not became a feud point for 15 years I was there between forceman and little it was so anyways it wasn't I didn't want to have that sort of culture and so the original idea in my head was to call it mountain As kind of a symbolist idea of permanence and upwardness. So it's not about mountain climbing or hanging on a cliff. It's about the idea of the mountain. I got my first pledge as the name mountain.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  36. Well, because number one, I didn't think Klinsky Capital was very melodious. I didn't really want to, and I didn't want to name it after a single person. The original idea.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  37. And it's always been about picking noncyclical growth sectors. We call those defensive growth sectors becoming deeply advantaged in those and then building the business. And the culture enforcement did have a great track record in the 80s and 90s when I was with him. But the culture was based much more on the Goldman culture of the very early 80s and more of a family business culture combined with some of the techniques that we had developed at Forest Melitta. We use less debt. We were more focused, like, again, General Insul went from a billion to 20 billion, and we increased R&D. We did a lot of great things. So that was the mindset. But I never thought it would get to the size it got to. I never had any ambition or thought that it would turn out to be what it's become.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  38. Yeah, well, there was no formal business plan. I was as focused on charter schools as anything. I said to myself, if I could have a little fund and do say four0 million dollar companies, wouldn't that be great? And it's turned into $60 billion. But the principles were always the same. If you look at our website, we've always said New Mountain Building Great Business. It's always been about business building, not about financial engineering.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  39. So I left Force Mill officially January of 99. I said I was going to leave. I had just finished an investment called General Instrument that was maybe one of the first great tech deals done. It went from a billion of value to 20 billion of value in the 90s, introducing high-definition TV and digital compression. So we've had our, it's our 25th anniversary of actually investing money this year.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  40. No, Tom, I hired later. Tom was a junior guy that I brought in, and Sandra Harbach was a junior person I brought in. There was a guy named John Sprague who went off in the 90s and started a firm called Jupiter. But it was just very early days and I was there from 84 to 99 and it was a very, and it was an exceptionally glamorous place, totally dysfunctional, totally glamorous. Ted was famous for dating Lady Die and we had our own hangers of Gulfstream jets. We had more people flying the jets than the helicopters than working at the firm, which is why the firm doesn't exist anymore. But it was a great period of economic success for the firm. So I had a good run of it there.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  41. So I was with Goldman from 1981 to 1984. I got poached away in 84 by Force Malittle. Again, there were only 20 private equity firms. The largest firm in the world was KKR with 400 million of assets. That was the giant of the space. They had eight people at that firm. Forrest Malittle was the second biggest in the world with 200 million of assets. And it was the three founders and other young guy and myself. So I came in as a former young guy.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  42. Yeah. So Goldman Sachs was a fantastic place. They were working me pretty hard as they were working everybody. That has changed. I don't know with computers. It should be so easy now, but for somehow the job keeps staying tough for people. I love Goldman Sachs. I love the guy I was working with, but the opportunity to get onto the side of being the principal where you actually own the business, the leverage bot work I was doing at Goldman was advisory to families taking their own businesses private and so forth, other than this one little paper bag company. So the idea of being the owner of the business myself was very appealing.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  43. In the early 80s, inflation was so high, prices were so low, it was really about borrowing a lot of money. And if you were 95 parts debt and five parts equity and it had 10% inflation, you could triple your money with no growth at all. 45 years later, it's all about really knowing industries, building business after business in a very high form of business building. So I think there's been a very positive transition over the 45 years. My firm tries to be at the front of that.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  44. Well, the COs were John Whitehead and John Weinberg who were legendarily great. And so it was very early days back then. And there were only 20 private equity firms in the world back then. And what I keep saying, because I've also now been the chair of the industry, which has 5,000 firms that private equity has gone from a form of finance into a form of business where

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  45. Yeah, Trinity paper bag. And I remember the founder said, You remember the movie Tootsie when the guy had a white Hagenda's bag? That's my bag. So, I mean, it was a very little company. And we put in a half a million dollars of Goldman Sachs' partner's magos were watching over my shoulder, the heads of investment banking were watching over. Who were they?

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  46. Yeah, when I started private equity was totally a cottage industry, you know, I worked on Goldman's first ever proprietary deal, which was a $12 million acquisition of a paper bag company.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  47. To get a home mortgage was about 20% to get a home mortgage. And it was kind of the bottom of the market. And then it's been kind of a 40-year, 45-year up market since then, which explains my career, a lot of other people's careers. So it's been a good timing of my parents to give birth to me at the right.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  48. People say the interest rates are so high today, the highest interest rates in history were the day before I started work. The tenure treasurer was 15.84%. It had been 13 years of stagflation. The stock market was lower in 81 than it had been in 68. So that was the entry point. Yeah. And

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  49. Yeah, I was in graduate school from 1977 to 1981. I did a law in business degree. And the first leveraged bot of a public company was in 1979 when K Care About Hudai industry. So it was a totally new idea. I was about the youngest person at the business school. I had no work experience. And I said, wow, this is a great idea. And I wrote my JDMBA thesis on what is a buyout and the whole new field. It's like going to Silicon Valley of the year transistors were invented. It was very early. I came to Goldman in 1981. It was the size of a law firm. I joined the merger department, which had 12 people in it, and it was the first big hiring class. And this is when raids and Sarah Knight specials were the whole thing. So we were always on raid defense. And then I helped start the original private equity group in the 81 to 84 period. So it was a great formative early days to come in. The interest rates when I started...

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  50. Well, and the other thing that happened is I got my grades at law school, and I'm fine. I made honors, but I was not going to be the next Supreme Court justice. Justice Roberts was one year ahead of me. He did become a Supreme Court justice, so I became a lawyer in business.

    2026-03-31 · Goldman Sachs Exchanges · The Business Builder: New Mountain Capital's Steve Klinsky · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT