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Mazurov

THE RECORD WRITES THIS SPEAKER AS MAZUROV

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79

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1960-09-24

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1960-09-24

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un-general-debate

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1. “It may well be that these words are music to the ears of certain United States politicians, but the peoples of Europe — and not of Europe atone — resolutely condemn the dangerous policy of reviving German militarism. 150. The Governments of the Western countries perhaps entertain hopes of once again directing eastwards the war machine of German militarism. But the road to the East has been barred to aggressors once and for all. The socialist countries have at their disposal everything needed in order to offer a crushing rebuff to the German militarists and their military allies. We should like to draw the attention of the ruling circles of the Western countries to the fact that German militarism also knows the road to the West.”

   1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

2. “And now this hangman-cum-general is held in high honour once again and his hands are stretching avidly to weapons of mass destruction. The conscience of mankind cannot tolerate this. 149. This situation has arisen in West Germany because the Governments of the United States, the United Kingdom and France began to violate the Potsdam Agreement immediately the war was over. As had been the case after the First World War, United States aid in the amount of several thousand million dollars set German militarism on its feet again. This has been admitted by the former Nazi General Speidel who said on 8 August I960: "Without this aid we would never have been able to set up, organize and train the armed forces of the Federal Republic".”

   1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

3. “Authentic documents paint a fearful picture of the monstrous crimes committed by this Nazi general. During the war Heusinger was chief of the operations department of the German Army High Command, and on his orders the Nazis carried out mass shootings in Byelorussia. In the autumn of 1942, for instance, 45,900 people were shot in the Brest area. It was on his personal orders demanding “the taking of repressive measures with the application of the harshest measures of intimidation" that in September 1942 the Nazis shed the blood of the peaceful inhabitants of the Byelorussian Settlement of, Slavnoye, brutally killing completely innocent people. Adolf Heusinger took part in the preparation and execution of Hitler’s plans for the enslavement of the peoples of Europe.”

   1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

4. “Fifteen years after the crushing of Nazi Germany, nazism has again raised its head in the Federal Republic of Germany. The tide of anti-Semitism which swept over West Germany this year furnished further proof of the fact that the old roots of nazism in the Federal Republic of Germany have not been dug out, but, on the contrary, have produced new shoots. Government services in West Germany are at present Staffed to a considerable extent by adherents of nazism. Everyone is aware of the evidence exposing as war criminals the former Federal Minister Oberlander and the present State Secretary to the Chancellor, Globke, who, in 1944, was the right-hand man of that hangman, Himmler. 148. We in Byelorussia remember very well the name of Adolf Heusinger, the war criminal who is now in command of the Bundeswehr.”

   1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

5. “The policy of giving a free hand to militarism and "revanchism” in West Germany creates a threat to peace and to the security of all peoples, including the British people. It is a dangerous policy. In view of the existence of military alliances and the entry of the Federal Republic of Germany into NATO, the reckless policy of the West German Government may start a world conflagration. 146, I should like to draw the Assembly’s attention to facts illustrating the revival of nazism in the Federal Republic of Germany and to the activities of former war criminals there. We deem this to be our duty because it was following a proposal by the Byelorussian SSR In 1946 that the General Assembly adopted resolution [3(1)] on the extradition and punishment of war criminals. 147.”

   1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

6. “It is odd to hear these statements while Federal Chancellor Adenauer, the Ministers of the Bonn Government and other West German officials and politicians are openly proclaiming that the aim of militarist Germany is "revanchism" — the revision of frontiers and the seizure of foreign territory. Judging by Mr. Macmillan's statement, it would appear that the ruling circles in the United Kingdom do not want to heed the lessons of the past. For something rather similar happened once before. Everyone remembers how Mr. Chamberlain sought to appease Hitler and what a high price the British people had to pay for its Governments unwise policy at Munich. Is not the United Kingdom Government pursuing an identical policy towards Germany now?”

   1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

7. “One must be a complete simpleton or have criminal designs, to put atomic and rocket weapons in the hands of former Nazi generals. 145. In this context it is impossible not to refer to the speech made at this session of the General Assembly by Mr. Macmillan [877th meeting]. It is odd to see the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the part of a defender of West Germany's rearmament. It is odd to hear assurances about the "peaceful intentions” of the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany coming from the Prime Minister of a country which still bears the scars of the Second World War to remind its people of the calamitous consequences of the policy of appeasing German militarism.”

   1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

8. “Yet it was but a few years ago that the Western Powers and the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany stated solemnly that West Germany would not have a large army and that the Bundeswehr would not be given atomic weapons. These declarations have been forgotten, and the Western Powers have also thrown overboard the official commitments on the subject embodied in the Potsdam Agreement of 1945. 144. The great danger of the Western countries’ policy of arming the Federal Republic of Germany lies in the fact that we are dealing with a State whose Government does not recognize the existing frontiers with its neighbours. In these circumstances how can a sensible person believe in the "defensive character" of the West German Army?”

   1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

9. “The Byelorussian SSR, being a European country, is profoundly interested in the speedy solution of all the problems engendered by tension between European countries. This relates in particular to the problem of a peaceful settlement with Germany. 143, Twice within the lifetime of a single generation, German troops have invaded the territory of Byelorussia, threatening the very existence of the Byelorussian people. That is why we cannot remain indifferent to the dangerous developments in the Federal Republic of Germany, where the militarists, with the blessing and active assistance of their NATO allies and, first and foremost, the United States, are fanning “revanchist" feelings, creating a vast army and striving to get it equipped with atomic and rocket weapons.”

   1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

10. “Menzies had to speak in defence of imperialism and colonialism and against the interests of colonial and dependent, peoples. There was apparently no one else to do this. As regards his arguments about the position of the neutral countries and his assertion that the Western bloc respects their interests, the entire history of the United Nations, including, unfortunately, the present session of the General Assembly, shows the interests of the neutral. countries being trampled on by the bloc of the Western countries which follow the lead of the United States and act on its instructions. 141. With regard to the attacks made by the representative of the Philippines, I do not deem it necessary to reply to him because he represents a puppet régime set up in those islands by the United States. 142.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

11. “Quite recently General Pearkes, the Canadian Minister of National Defence, said that Canada was placing four air bases in the northern part of the country at the disposal of the United States Air Force. There you have Canada’s independence and the peaceful intentions of its Government. 140. Mr. Menzies, the Prime Minister of Australia, who preceded me today and felt obliged to make a hostile statement about the Soviet Union, also acted in the spirit of the cold war. Without saying anything at this juncture about the substance of his attack, I should like to state the following with regard to his speech: the position of the Western bloc, which rejects the Soviet Union’s draft declaration of the grant of independence to colonial countries and peoples [A/4502] must be weak indeed if Mr.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

12. “This is recognized by the peoples of all countries, and it is only the enemies of peace, the representatives of the capitalist monopolies, who venture to slander the peoples of the Soviet Union and of the other socialist countries, because that is one of their ways of intensifying the cold war. As regards the Canadian Prime Ministers rude attacks on the socialist countries, it is not hard to guess in whose interests they were made. A Canadian newspaper, Citizen, commenting on Mr. Diefenbaker’s speech at this session of the General Assembly said: "... we are moving towards a period when Canada’s independence of action in international affairs will be even more restricted than in the past…”.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

13. “Likewise, the whole world knows how the Soviet people voted in the Second World War. They defended with honour their socialist fatherland, freedom and democracy, utterly defeating the Nazi hordes. 139. Since the war, too, the peoples of the USSR have been voting unanimously for communism. They have demonstrated a rate of growth of output and of the productivity of free labour, the like of which the world had never seen. It was the Soviet people and no other which inaugurated a new era in mankind’s development — that of the conquest of space. This could be done only by men who were genuinely free from the fetters of the old world, by the representatives of the most highly civilized of all societies.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

14. “He alleged here that the peoples of the Soviet Union were not free and even called for the holding of free elections in the Soviet Union — what he regards as "free elections”, of course. I do not think that the Prime Minister of Canada is not informed about the state of affairs in the Soviet Union. He is bound to know that the world’s most democratic elections to State organs are periodically held in our country in accordance with the Constitution. 138. In so far as the Soviet Government and socialism are concerned, our people voted for them, arms in hand, back in the years of the civil war when it drove out of the country the troops of fourteen imperialist States, including the United States, which had been trying to destroy the new social system in Russia.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

15. “This unprecedented action by the United States Government — which, first and foremost, was damaging to the dignity of the United States itself — in essence constituted an attempt to initiate a new phase of the cold war. Later on, the Heads of Government of certain Western countries were compelled to take part in the work of this session. But, as can be seen from certain statements and proposals, some of them did not come here with good intentions. 137. For instance, both the tone and the substance of the speech made by Mr. Diefenbaker, the Prime Minister of Canada [871st meeting] profoundly outraged us. This senior statesman repeated here from the United Nations rostrum the slander disseminated by war criminals and other dregs of society who were expelled from the Soviet Union and found refuge in the Western countries, including Canada.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

16. “But we are bound to feel concern over the fact that powerful reactionary forces in the Western countries are striving to aggravate international relations and are pursuing a policy of the cold war. It is in that spirit that the Western bloc made preparations for the present session of the General Assembly. The Western Powers refused to heed the appeal made by Nikita S. Khrushchev, the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, to the Heads of Government of all States to attend the General Assembly and to take part personally in a serious discussion of the pressing problem of our day. What is more, the United States Government — apparently in order to hamper the work of delegations — reacted by restricting the freedom of movement in New York of Mr. Khrushchev and a number of other high-level representatives.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

17. “This is clearly borne out by the constant rise in the real wages of manual and non-manual workers and in the income of the peasants, by the reduction in the length of the working day, by the abolition of personal taxation, by the colossal volume of housing construction, by the constant improvement of the free medical services enjoyed by the Soviet people, by the development of the system of general education and by many other measures which the Soviet Government carries out in the interests of the working people. 136. The Byelorussian people, like the peoples of the other Soviet Republics and of the socialist countries, devotes its efforts to peaceful construction.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

18. “Whereas before the Revolution 80 per cent of our population was illiterate and there were hardly any specialist with higher education, at present more than 100,000 such specialists are employed in the national economy of the Republic. Higher educational establishments in Byelorussia are training more students per 10,000 inhabitants than is the case in any capitalist country of Europe. 135. Our people see the results of its peaceful creative work in rapidly rising prosperity and in the ever-increasing extent to which its material and cultural requirements are being met.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

19. “Under the Soviet Government, with the disinterested help of the Russian, the Ukrainian and the other brother peoples of the Soviet Union, my country has become a Republic with a highly developed national economy. In 1960 Byelorussia will produce thirty-five times more industrial goods than in 1913, and almost four and a half times more than in the pre-war year 1940. 133. Judged-by the per caput level of industrial and agricultural output, Byelorussia is far ahead of many capitalist countries of Europe and America. Thus, in terms of output per 1,000 inhabitants, Byelorussia produces more metal-cutting lathes than the United States, the United Kingdom, France and Japan, and more lorries and tractors than the United Kingdom, France, the Federal Republic of Germany and Italy. 134.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

20. “To speak in metaphor, we are building a fine new house for the working man and we do not want it to be set on fire. Nor do we want the houses of our neighbours to be burned down, for what builder thinks of destruction? 132. In this context I should like to say a few words about my Republic. Before the revolution Byelorussia was an under-developed borderland of Czarist Russia. The Byelorussian people was cruelly oppressed by landlords and capitalists, including foreign exploiters. It even lacked a state structure of its own. As a result of the victory of the October Socialist Revolution in Russia, the Byelorussian people acquired the right to set up its own sovereign State, and proceeded to do so.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

21. “The Governments of the Soviet Union and of the other socialist countries have been working tirelessly in all the international organizations to ensure the easing of international tension and the consolidation of peace among nations. 131. The reason for which we desire peace is not that the Soviet State is afraid of, or considers itself weaker than, any other State, but that socialism and wars of aggression are incompatible. In our country power is in the hands of the working people, and the working people do not need war. The Soviet people, in conditions of fraternal friendship and close cooperation, are building communism — a new and happy society, giving fulfilment to the fondest dreams of the best sons of mankind: that all men should enjoy true freedom and security and lead a life of creative labour.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

22. “However, the heaviest, the irreparable loss was that in human lives. In the years of the Second World War Byelorussia lost more than 2 million people, or over 20 per cent of its population. When we speak of the consequences of war, the Poles and the Czechs, the French and the British, and other-peoples who have experienced the horrors of war understand us well. 130. In order to conceal their wicked military plans, the enemies of peace are throwing up a new kind of smoke screen by ascribing aggressive intentions to us. But that is a gross distortion of the truth. The socialist States are the ones which pursue a peaceful foreign policy.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

23. “Man’s creative mind — which is already conquering outer space and which, beyond doubt, will soon lay bare the mysteries of other worlds — must hot and cannot put up with the fact that decisive measures which would banish war from the life of society for all time have not yet been taken. 129. All peoples need peace. Only those who have not experienced the horrors of war or who, in pursuit of their criminal purposes, disregard the interests of the people, do not cherish peace. The Byelorussian people knows full well the calamities that war brings in its train. The Nazi invaders turned Byelorussian towns and villages into ruins and heaps of ashes. War robbed the Byelorussian people of more than half of its national wealth. Industrial output in the Republic was pushed back several decades, down to the 1913 level.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

24. “It must take decisions that would open the way for radical measures in the interests of world peace. 127. At its fifteenth session, the General Assembly must devote particular attention to the question of disarmament, which is universally recognized as the most important and urgent question of our times. 128. Stockpiles of nuclear weapons grow from day to day, and rockets and other means of delivery of atomic and hydrogen bombs are being increasingly perfected. It is known that the United States military clique is preparing not only for atomic but also for bacteriological and chemical warfare. Further developments in that direction may lead to catastrophe. General and complete disarmament is therefore a goal whose attainment is dictated by pressing necessity.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

25. “The violation of the Soviet Union’s air space by spy aircraft of the United States, the premeditated wrecking by the United States Government of the conference of the Heads of Government of the great Powers in Paris, the intrigues of the colonialists in the Congo (Leopoldville), the threat of intervention against the Republic of Cuba, the sabotaging of the work of the Ten-Nation Committee on Disarmament by the delegations of the Western countries and the plans to equip the West German militarists with nuclear rockets, all testify to the fact that the ruling circles in the United States and in other Western countries have chosen once again to increase international tension. 126. In these circumstances a grave responsibility falls on the United Nations General Assembly at its present session.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

26. “The peoples had great hopes that 1960 would be marked by the adoption of international decisions that would clear the storm clouds out of the sky. But the Western Powers and, in the first place, the United States, dashed these hopes.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

27. “The well-known old precept that men should be judged by their deeds and not their words can also be applied in assessing government policies. It suffices to turn to the facts, the events of the past year, in order to see who is the genuine standard-bearer of peace and who opposes the fulfilment of the peaceful aspirations of the peoples. 124. The socialist countries, whose foreign policy is predicated on the principle of peaceful coexistence, earnestly endeavour to consolidate peace and prevent another war. The peoples of the world greeted with deep satisfaction the plan of general and complete disarmament [A/4219] which the Soviet Union submitted last year, at the fourteenth session of the United Nations General Assembly. 125.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

28. “The delegations of many peace-loving States are working tirelessly in the United Nations for the attainment of this noble goal. Together with these countries, the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic has been defending international peace and security and it will continue to do so. 122. The course of the general debate has shown that the delegations of many States have come here with the sincere intention of doing their share in reaching constructive decisions on questions of disarmament and on other problems with which the United Nations is faced. Unfortunately, however, not all the delegations are so motivated. The representatives of a number of Western countries who have spoken from this rostrum led us into a maze of polemics, even while their Governments pursue the old policy of the cold war. 123.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)

29. “The attention of the world is riveted on this session of the United Nations General Assembly. One reason this session is regarded as an outstanding international event is that the most prominent statesmen from many countries are taking part in the discussion of problems which are of vital importance for all mankind. 120. The lofty and noble principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter impose a grave responsibility upon us, the representatives of various countries of the world. We must not forget that the United Nations wag set up ”to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold Sorrow to mankind”. 121. These words from the Preamble of the United Nations Charter express the dearest wishes of the peoples of all lands.”

    1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)