YouSaid · the spoken record

Green

THE RECORD WRITES THIS SPEAKER AS GREEN

lines on the record: 106
first: 1959-09-24
most recent: 1962-09-24
sittings or episodes: 3
sources: un-general-debate

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“94. Each of these four developments has been brought about largely through the work of the United Nations, by the work of this Organization. If we keep these facts in mind and retain our optimism and our hope, this session will be the best in the history of the United Nations.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“We live in an age in which there have been several very important developments. First, there has been the greatest spread of self-government in the history of mankind. Secondly, there is the greatest interest in helping the developing nations. Most of that interest is idealistic and unselfish. I admit that there is some selfishness in it, but primarily and essentially it is idealistic and unselfish. Thirdly, there is the greatest friendliness and understanding among peoples. What a great thing it is for a Foreign Minister to be able to come here and talk to some thirty or forty other Foreign Ministers, as well as representatives of other grades. Never has there been such an understanding of the problems and the views of other nations. Fourthly, we live in an age in which there has been the most wide-spread desire for peace of all time.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The speed and the efficiency with which we carry out our work is an important factor in determining the degree of public support for the United Nations. 91. In conclusion, may I express my firm conviction that the United Nations has emerged from the uncertainty which clouded the sixteenth session. Confidence and stability are being restored. The atmosphere in the present Assembly is favourable for constructive work. 92. We now have an opportunity to respond to the improved situation by dealing firmly with the main issues before us. We must take encouragement from the recent progress, however gradual, toward peace. We must maintain a steady United Nations course in that direction, conscious of the undercurrents of danger in our troubled world but confident that we can control them. 93.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The underlying need in United Nations affairs is for stability. In these turbulent times, Governments require a steady base for international car-operation and for quiet diplomacy. Most, people of the world look hopefully to the United Nations to point the way and provide the means to these ends. A significant element in achieving stability and a capacity to act effectively is to develop orderly procedures. Our former President, Mr. Mongi Slim, has made some interesting and Useful suggestions for improving Assembly procedures [A/5122]. I welcome the decision to inscribe an item on this subject, and I hope some solution will be worked out. The greatly increased membership of the Assembly and the length of recent sessions give added urgency to tie need for the most efficient working methods.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“After all, advisory opinions of the Court ought to be fully respected in the interests of establishing international rules of order. Basing ourselves on the principle of collective responsibility, we must find a formula for apportioning peace-keeping costs because this Organization has to be in a position to fulfil its Charter purposes. 89. It is equally clear that the chief executive of this Organization should have whole-hearted support in the discharge of his responsibilities. Our Secretary-General has shown great courage, great patience and great wisdom during the course of his interim term of office which, it is well to remember, began at a time when confusion reigned in United Nations affairs. During the past year he has given leadership which has restored confidence in the Organization. 90.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“Members of this Assembly need hardly be reminded, however, that one consequence has been a financial crisis verging on bankruptcy. Canada has supported ad hoc measures for meeting immediate financial needs but we have also consistently sought to place the financing of United Nations peace-keeping operations on a solid foundation. We have urged that the basis should be collective responsibility. 88. For this reason, the Canadian Government welcomed the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice on 20 July 1962 which confirmed that the costs incurred for the United Nations Emergency Force and the Congo Force were expenses of the Organization within the meaning of Article 17 of the Charter. This authoritative opinion should be endorsed by the General Assembly and should form the basis for financing peace-keeping operations.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The elements of success in this difficult situation are a willingness on the part of the Congolese themselves to resolve their difficulties and a readiness on the part of all other States to support the programme. 86. In this connexion, the Commonwealth Prime Ministers had this to say — and, coming from that Conference, I think it was important. I quote from the communique: "They took note, in particular, of the proposals relating to the Congo which were recently put forward by the Acting Secretary-General of the United Nations, and they expressed the hope that these would prove to be the basis for a speedy and constructive settlement." 87. The task which the United Nations undertook in the Congo was one which it simply could not shirk.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“I have been dealing with some of the main issues before this Assembly. I turn now to a set of problems which vitally affect the future of this Organisation. Of fundamental importance are the United Nations peacekeeping operations in the Middle East, in the Congo and now in West New Guinea. Canada contributes men and resources to all these operations and regard this contribution as a prime responsibility of membership. 85. In the Congo, the United Nations has assumed its heaviest responsibility. The Secretary-General's programme for national reconciliation there has been favourably received by the parties principally concerned and Canada is encouraged to hope that this plan will go forward smoothly.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“Sometimes I marvel at the nerve of Soviet Union representatives in making that claim. 82. We urge that the United Nations should view the Soviet attacks in proper perspective. In 1960, the Prime Minister of Canada, Mr. Diefenbaker, reminded the General Assembly [871st meeting] about the position of subject peoples within the Soviet empire. Many millions there cannot today exercise the right of self-determination which the Soviet Government demands for others. 83. This denial of human rights and fundamental freedoms casts grave doubt on the Soviet Union's whole position on colonialism. When the United Nations is examining situations in many other areas of the world, it should not ignore the areas under Soviet rule. The Charter principles on human rights and self-determination are clearly intended to be universal in their application. 84.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“We all know that there are difficulties to be overcome in some territories, but surely the United Kingdom's record of past accomplishment in this field justifies confidence in its intention to guide these peoples to independence. 80. Unhappily, from this very rostrum and in debates in many other United Nations bodies, the Soviet Union has painted quite another picture of these colonial developments. Soviet spokesmen have chosen to disregard peaceful evolution in the Commonwealth where freedom and independence have become a living reality for 600 million people since the Second World War. 81. Canada's own part in developing the Commonwealth prompts us to reject the Soviet Union's criticisms and its claim to be the champion of freedom and independence for subject peoples.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“Its members may be divided in their approach to some questions, but they are solidly united in their dedication to the cause of peace and to the promotion of better understanding. 78. Great credit for this outstanding achievement in international co-operation and for the successful launching of these new nations must be given to the United Kingdom. All other nations of the Commonwealth, including Canada — although it is a longtime ago in our case — were at one time colonies, and in their progress to nationhood the United Kingdom has given generously and wisely of its aid and guidance. 79. This being the case, I find it very hard to understand the bitter and sometimes unfair attacks which, from time to time, are made against the United Kingdom on the subject of colonialism.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“All but four, these are the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand and Canada, have become independent since the Second World War and in each case they have chosen of their own free will to become members of the Commonwealth. In addition, there were representatives present from other territories, such as Uganda, Kenya and British Guiana which will shortly obtain independence and will in all probability choose to join the Commonwealth and of course the United Nations. I believe Uganda will be gaining independence within a matter of weeks. 77. The Commonwealth of today is uninspiring example of the friendly association of nations of diverse races, cultures, creeds and political institutions.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“For example, at the recent Commonwealth meeting Canada proposed an early conference of a group of countries to discuss their common trading problems. Such a conference would in fact help to prepare the way for wider, non-discriminatory tariff negotiations on a most-favoured nation basis. 76. I should like to say a few words now about the Commonwealth and emerging nation in London we welcomed four countries that have joined this family of free and independent nations within the last year: Sierra Leone, Tanganyika, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago. This brought the number of nations participating fully in the Commonwealth Conference to a total of fifteen.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“Canada has sought in the United Nations and outside to promote international arrangements and institutions — for example, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade — which would encourage the expansion of trade on a multilateral and non-discriminatory basis. This will be our attitude in examining the Economic and Social Council's recommendation for a Conference on Trade and Development in 1964. 75. Such a conference will provide one opportunity for a discussion on strengthening, the world trading system. While some problems can be dealt with only in a worldwide forum, other aspects of trade can be examined usefully by countries whose trading systems, and hence trading problems are most alike.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“These essential activities must be adequately supported. In the Development Decade we should strive to make increasingly effective use of existing institutions. For its part, the Canadian Government will continue to support these United Nations efforts and at the same time to maintain our bilateral aid programmes. 73. The promotion of sound trading conditions is at least as important as the provision of aid. In fact, the recent ° Commonwealth Conference considered that question and they had this to say: "Improved opportunities and conditions for trade are even more important than financial aid." That was the unanimous opinion of all the countries represented. 74.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“Disarmament deserves high priority in bur deliberations because it seeks to remove the means, of waging war The Acting Secretary-General has emphasized in his annual report [A/5201] the need to eradicate the basic causes of war: poverty, famine and disease. The economic and social work of the United Nations goes along so quietly that it does not always receive the public attention it deserves. And yet success in raising living standards in the less developed areas and in expanding and stabilizing world trade may, in the long run, determine the question of war or peace. 72. The role of the United Nations in providing an effective framework for economic and social development is well established." There will, I am sure, be no disagreement over the importance of the various assistance programmes.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“In order to assess these dangers properly the Assembly must Continue to insist on a co-operative world-wide study Last year's resolution on the subject reaffirmed the desirability of continuing, full international co-operation through the Scientific Committee. The latest report of the Committee constitutes an authoritative and up-to-date assessment of the exposure of mankind to radiation and of its harmful effects. 70. In its resolution of last year (1629 (XVI)) the General Assembly called for a study of a World-Wide synoptic reporting scheme of atmospheric radiation levels. I have been greatly encouraged by the progress made by the World Meteorological Organization in preparing such a scheme. It is our hope that its implementation on a world-wide basis will soon be initiated. 71. Now I come to another question.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The Second comprehensive report of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation brings out the danger very clearly in the following statement, and I quote from this scientific report; "As there are no effective measures to prevent the occurrence of harmful, effects of global radio-active contamination from nuclear explosions, the achievement of a final cessation of nuclear tests would benefit present and future generations of mankind." [A/5216, chapter VII, para. 52.] That is the objective language of a scientific, report tabled just a few, months ago. The dangers involved are immediate. They affect us now and, what is even more important, they will affect future generations. 69.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“If the great Powers Cannot reach agreement on this issue, prospects for general and complete disarmament will be dim indeed. They can and must resolve their differences in this field if they are to fulfil their obligations to mankind. The General Assembly should clearly express itself in this sense. 68. I revert now to the hazards to human health created by nuclear testing.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“This date has been accepted in principle, by, the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union. As a minimum first step, agreement could be reached immediately on the final cessation of nuclear tests in the atmosphere, under water and in outer space. To have a comprehensive treaty, of course underground tests must be included. The question barring agreement on such a treaty is whether the parties shall be obliged to permit inspections on their territories when other means of determining whether there has been an underground nuclear explosion fail to give a definite answer. This is a difficult problem, involving dangers to the security of the nations concerned, but the dangers which result from the lack of a solution are immeasurably greater. 67.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The Powers concerned must not ignore the fact that the arms race itself gives rise to fears which, in turn, become a factor in intensifying competition in armaments. 65. I believe that these fundamental points are not in dispute. But the tests have still not been stopped. The proposals submitted by the eight uncommitted countries In Geneva and the new technical data advanced recently by, the United States and the United Kingdom have opened new opportunities for agreement. 66. The Canadian Government strongly supports the proposal, originally made by the Mexican representative in the Eighteen-Nation Disarmament Committee, that a target date, 1 January 1963, I wish it could have been earlier, should be set for the cessation of all tests.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“In the disarmament talks at Geneva and in this General Assembly, it has been made very clear that the problem of nuclear weapon tests is of the gravest concern to all Members of the United Nations. My Government maintains its firm opposition to all nuclear weapon testing, for two reasons. First, we are convinced that continued testing poses an ever increasing danger to human health; of this I shall say more presently. Secondly, the ultimate security of mankind is weakened, not strengthened, by further testing. No matter what considerations may lead the major Powers to undertake nuclear tests, their effect can only be to accelerate and to make even more perilous the race in nuclear armaments.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“They noted that discussions on the cessation of nuclear weapons tests had also been taking place in Geneva and expressed the hope that these efforts would be successful in bringing into being an effective treaty to eradicate this source of fear and danger to mankind.” 63. The Eighteen-Nation Committee is-responsible for detailed negotiations, and only through its continued efforts in Geneva can progress toward disarmament be realized. That is why we must, as the representative of Norway stated here at the 1126th meeting, "give encouragement and guidance to the negotiating nations in Geneva". I point out that all Members of the United Nations have fundamental obligation to assist in every way in ensuring that agreement on this vital subject is reached without delay. The World simply cannot afford the risk of failure. 64.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The Commonwealth Prime Ministers, meeting in London just a few days ago, recorded their unanimous conviction in this sense. That statement by the Commonwealth Conference was very significant, because there you had fifteen nations representing all the continents of the world. And this, in the Words of their communique, is what they had to say about disarmament. "The Prime Ministers agreed that the need for disarmament had been intensified by the steady development of ever more powerful weapons. They reaffirmed the principles laid down in their Statement on disarmament of 17 March 1961 and expressed their conviction that the Eighteen-Nation Disarmament Committee at Geneva should continue its efforts towards a treaty for general and complete disarmament in accordance with these principles .”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“We urge that, when the Disarmament Committee resumes its work, redoubled efforts be made to reach agreement on the important questions which are before this collateral measures committee. 61. This Assembly should bring to bear the full force of world opinion to ensure more rapid progress in disarmament. To achieve this we must, first of all, here in New York, avoid propaganda exchanges on the question of disarmament. The Whole issue could become a propaganda battle here in the Assembly, and that would be a tragedy. We must also assess the possibilities, for compromise on important points which are still in dispute. finally, we must recommend as forcefully as possible — and, I would hope, with one voice — that the Disarmament Committee in Geneva renew its efforts at the earliest possible moment. 62.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“Early in the Geneva Conference, a, committee of the whole was set up to deal with measures which could be put into effect quickly and; would help to relieve international tension and create mutual confidence pending agreement on general and complete disarmament. Among the subjects which this committee has before it are first, measures to prevent further dissemination of nuclear weapons, and, secondly, reduction of the possibility of war by accident; miscalculation or failure of communications. In order to stop the arms race from, spreading to outer space, Canada has proposed in that committee that immediate notion should be taken to prevent the placing of weapons of mass destruction in orbit.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The Canadian delegation at Geneva has repeatedly emphasized that there are common elements in existing proposals which can be developed into significant measures of disarmament. What is required is a renewed endeavour to achieve acceptable o compromises. 59. Canada welcomes the announced intention of the Soviet Union to modify its proposals for eliminating nuclear weapons vehicles. In our view, this may help to remove the block to negotiations in Geneva which was created by the incompatible positions of the two sides on this particular question. Of course, we must reserve our final opinion on this modified Soviet position until we see the detailed amendments to the Soviet draft treaty; and, in addition, agreement on this key disarmament question will inevitably require careful examination in Geneva of all the related factors. 60.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The Committee has been examining these proposals for the past five months. One thing shown conclusively is that the dangers caused by the vast array of modern armaments cannot be removed at one stroke or by adopting some simple formula. To reach, agreement on general and complete disarmament requires the greatest effort and the most painstaking negotiation. 57. The fundamental problem, of course, is the distrust and suspicion which have sharply and tragically divided the-world since the end of the Second World War. Negotiating Governments must make greater efforts to overcome this distrust and suspicion. 58. The Committee in Geneva should play its part in this transformation.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“And, of course, these great Powers are the key to the wholes problem of disarmament. If there is to be a settlement, it must be reached primarily between those two great nations. Secondly, the Committee has as members eight non-aligned nations: Brazil, Burma, Ethiopia, India, Mexico, Nigeria, Sweden and the United Arab Republic. By their impartial and constructive approach to the intricate problems of disarmament, these eight nations have helped to advance the work of the Conference, In the opinion of the Canadian delegation, these eight nations have made a magnificent contribution to that Conference. 56. For the first time since nations began to debate this all-important question: of disarmament, the two major Powers have put forward comprehensive-treaty proposals.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The United States and the Soviet Union reached accord on a Joint Statement of Agreed Principles; and laid it before the General Assembly on 20 September 1961. This was followed by another advance which I think should be considered a major advance — the establishment of the Eighteen-Nation Disarmament Committee Which began its deliberations in March of this year in Geneva. 55. This Committee has two important advantages over previous disarmament forums. First, following the precedent of the Laos Conference, it has the United States and the Soviet Union as permanent Co-Chairmen, and they meet together frequently to Strange agendas and try to resolve differences. I do not suppose that ever before have Americans and Russians spoken together on so many occasions and for such a longtime as these Co-Chairmen have been doing in Geneva.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“I emphasize, however, that ultimate success in Laos will depend on the continuing support and co-operation of all Governments concerned think that we can make Laos an example for the settlement of problems in other parts of the world. A significant factor in the success negotiations on Laos was the business-like procedure involved. In particular, the device of co- chairmanship proved its worth, and the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union deserve much of the credit for the result. I pay tribute to them today for their work as co-chairmen of that conference. 54. There is, furthermore, another area in which there has been some progress. After a year, of inactivity, steps forward wore also taken in the field of disarmament.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“But by July, international agreements providing for a unified, independent and neutral Laos had been signed at Geneva by the fourteen nations attending the Conference on the Settlement, of the Laotian Question. Those nations included Governments which do not recognize each other but which shared a common determination to face reality and find a solution. The result was a positive step towards peace and stability in South East Asia. 53. Canada was one of the signatories of the Laos Agreements, and as a member of the International Commission, together with India, whose representative, Mr. Avtar Singh, was Chairman, and Poland, Canada was charged with the task of seeing that the agreements are carried out. We intend to fulfil these responsibilities with fairness and with diligence.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The whole future was uncertain — the future of this Organization and the future of the world. May I suggest that the events of the past twelve months have not dispelled all the difficulties, but neither have they fulfilled the pessimistic prophecies of a year ago. We are living in a world in which it pays to be optimistic. I do not believe that the pessimists will ever settle the problems which are facing the world, and I believe that dearly, at this session of the Assembly, we have a good deal more reason for hope than we had a year ago. 52. Here I should like to point out that there have been some gains in the complex international endeavour to strengthen the peace. For example, (at the beginning of 1962 the situation in Laos seemed far from settled.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“the achievement of independence by Jamaica and by Trinidad and Tobago is an event of special significance and interest for Canada, not only because of our Commonwealth relationship and Association, but also because of the historic ties which have existed for centuries between Canadians and the peoples of the West Indies, I am confident that these good neighbours of ours — the first new Members, incidentally, from the Western Hemisphere — have a valuable contribution to make to the United Nations. 51. Last year when I spoke in the general debate the United Nations was facing many grave issues some of which actually threatened its survival. The atmosphere in the Assembly, as those representatives present today who were also here a year ago will remember, was one of tension and anxiety.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“In Rwanda and Burundi, the United Nations played an important role; in bringing about the transition from Trusteeship to independence. Canada had the honour of serving on one of the United Nations commissions during tee preparatory period. Aided by a common bond of language, we now look forward to developing with these two countries the same close relationship which links Canada to other French speaking countries of Africa. 50.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“In the first place, Mr. President, it gives me great pleasure to join with others in offering you congratulations on your election to the Presidency of the General Assembly.; Your outstanding qualifications and wide experience in diplomacy, in. international law and in United Nations affairs will, I know, prove to be of great value at this important session. Your appointment is a well-deserved tribute to you and also to your country, Pakistan. Last week the people of Canada were delighted to receive President Mohammad Ayub Khan of Pakistan as a distinguished and highly respected visitors His visit, served to re-emphasize the excellent relations which Pakistan and Canada have always enjoyed. 49. I also wish to extend a very warm welcome to the four new Members teat were admitted to the United Nations last week.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“I hope and I am confident that when the story is written of this sixteenth session of the General Assembly, it will be such that each one of us who has been privileged to be here will feel that it was a great honour to be a representative in 1961.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“We have such an immediate responsibility to use our full influence to reduce the causes of tension. To do this we must enable the United Nations to act effectively, and all countries, large and small, must stand firmly behind this world Organization. 61. I think each one of us here at this session has a date with destiny. I do not believe there has ever been a session of the United Nations which held such potentialities for evil and for good. We are all human beings. We all have good motives. I am sure that down in the heart of each representative here, no matter from what country he may come, there is a sincere desire to help mankind. And we have such a wonderful opportunity to do it: what a great challenge.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“At this session, the outlook is darkened by the grave dangers the world is facing and by the serious internal problems of this Organization. Peoples everywhere all over the world are watching these developments fearfully. They are asking themselves whether nuclear war, which in recent years has been considered unthinkable, is now not only being considered possible but is being accepted as inevitable. The gravest danger we face is a drift into a nuclear war. I am sure all Members realize this fact. But at this time of tension and danger we must not be dominated by fear and panic. The very seriousness of the situation demands that we keep calm and think clearly about our predicament. Actually I believe this to be the mood of this Assembly. 60.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“I have urged that this international mechanism which we have so carefully assembled and developed through the years should be strengthened and used to its maximum extent to serve the purposes of the Charter and the needs of Member States. This is a reflection of a firm Canadian view that despite many obstacles and shortcomings, the United Nations has, on the whole, met the challenge of our times. We are proud of the United Nations. 58. We believe that the United Nations should be dynamic in its approach to the questions which come before it. This Organization must be free to develop if it is to meet new situations. It must not be stagnant. In my view, its capacity can be greatly increased if Member Governments are ready to make fuller use of its possibilities. 59.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“It would be quite unwise, either to give in to the Soviet view that Members need only pay for those undertakings which they like, or to admit the principle that any one State or group of States should make financial contributions disproportionately high. 56. The aim should be to find a formula which takes into account the difficulties of the less developed countries in paying the full assessment but which spreads the resulting additional burden equitably among the other Member States which are in a position to pay. Our concern about these financial problems flows from a desire to have this Organization act as effectively in the field of peace and security as in other fields, 57. Throughout this statement I have been at pains to emphasize the need to make the United Nations fully effective.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“If sensible adjustments within the various organs are needed, it is even more necessary that the United Nations should have a suitable financial base for its operations in all fields. No satisfactory formula has yet been evolved for meeting the expenses of peacekeeping operations in the Congo and elsewhere. A limit has been reached, I suggest, to the process of raiding one reserve fund to support another. The United Nations—our United Nations—is now facing bankruptcy. 55. Canada has the greatest understanding for those who would pay but cannot, but we have no sympathy for the few who can pay but will not. I believe it would be folly to depart from the basic principle of collective responsibility which has been clearly established by the Charter.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“If we are to maintain an effective United Nations, and if it is not to become just a big debating society, a number of things must happen and changes must be made. 52. Some constitutional adjustments are required which will give rights and opportunities to all Members to exercise the full weight of their influence. There is no doubt that some geographical areas are in present circumstances denied their equitable share of such opportunities. 53. This is why the Canadian Government is firmly in favour of enlarging the Security Council and the Economic and Social Council. We see this as the only way in which the composition of those bodies can be adjusted to ensure a properly balanced and equitable representation from all geographical areas. 54.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Should this prove impossible, we must turn our attention to alternative methods of moving forward- perhaps through various agencies of the United Nations; we should not allow delays over procedure to prevent us from making a new approach to the problems of outer space which are of universal concern and of constantly increasing urgency. 50. Finally, I come to the question of strengthening the United Nations. I should like to say a few words about the need to strengthen our Organization. It is timely and desirable that we take stock of its worth. The question we must ask ourselves is not, "Do we want a United Nations?" but, "What sort of a United Nations do we want?" Dag Hammarskjold, with characteristic political foresight, placed that question before us in this year's introduction to his annual report [A/4800/Add.l]. 51.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“These and other important questions are clearly within the terms of reference of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space set up two years ago and specifically asked to make preparations for an international scientific conference [1472 (XIV)B]. In the proper spirit of international scientific collaboration, much benefit would result from such a conference. However, we would not wish preparations for a conference to delay early consideration of the important questions I have mentioned. We hope to see the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space continued in being and given clear instructions to pursue its work energetically. 49.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Priority should be given to specific studies to determine in particular—and here I list some of the studies: The limits of outer space; The rules prohibiting military uses and the appropriation of outer space bodies; Means for registering and identifying space launchings; The allocation of radio frequencies for space research; Methods for terminating radio transmission from outworn space vehicles—apparently, when these space vehicles are outworn they go on transmitting messages; Rules governing the re-entry into the atmosphere and recovery of space vehicles; and Principles of legal liability for the damage arising out of national activity in outer space. 48.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Now it looks as if the International Astronautical Federation is more progressive and more powerful than the United Nations: down in Washington the Soviet and the United States citizens are able to agree on this—about doing something concerning outer space, I do suggest that it is time we got busy here and did something about it ourselves. 47. Unless there is some body of law, outer space could be exploited for aggressive purposes with greatly increased danger for ?U nations on this earth.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“and Soviet Aides Speak at Session in Capital" The report goes on to say: "Top officials in the United States and Soviet space programs appealed today for greater international cooperation in the peaceful exploration of space. "The appeals were made by Dr. Hugh L. Dryden, deputy director of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Dr. Leonid I. Sedov, chairman of the Interdepartmental Commission on Interplanetary Communication in the Soviet Academy of Sciences, "They spoke at opening ceremonies of the twelfth World Congress of the International Astronautical Federation." 46.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“The reason for this is that the two Powers whose achievements in outer space have uniquely fitted them for leadership in this field have failed to reach agreement on procedural arrangements —failed, I believe, to agree on who is to be Chairman, who is to be Reporter, and so on. As a result, the Committee has not met. Moreover, to this dispute there has more recently been added a further complication arising out of Soviet insistence that decisions must be taken unanimously. 45. The Canadian delegation believes that no effort should be spared to have the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space begin its studies without further delay. I read in The New York Times this morning a report from Washington: "Joint Space Plan Urged for World "U.S.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Space travel and space exploration in manned vehicles may soon be commonplace—delegates to the General Assembly two or three years from now may be coming in outer space vehicles. While these scientific achievements stir our imaginations, we deplore the inability of the United Nations to make progress in regulating the use of outer space for exclusively peaceful purposes. Despite agreement at the fourteenth session— that is two years ago [resolution 1472 (XIV)] on the composition of a United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, the vital tasks assigned to it remain unattained.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)