YouSaid · the spoken record

KAMANDA wa KAMANDA

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127

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1983-09-24

most recent

1995-09-24

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2

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un-general-debate

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1. “The United Nations, which is the catalyst of the aspirations of peoples to self- determination, must provide all necessary assistance in order to make the Palestinian entity a reality and to foster its economic and social development. 216. If the protagonists were able to solve this thorny problem by themselves we would hot be discussing it here. Each member of the international community must lend its assistance, in keeping with its own approach, resources and conscience, because this is a tragedy that contains the seeds of a serious threat to world peace. If such contributions are to be positive and useful, they must be supportive of efforts made in the spirit of peace, supportive of law, justice and equity, dialogue and co-operation.”

   1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

2. “Within the framework of a comprehensive international effort the United Nations has a vital role to play, based on its historic responsibilities. The United Nations gave a State to the Jews of the Diaspora and decided upon a Palestinian Arab State. It must now succeed in giving that State to the Palestinians. 215. The United Nations, whose work in establishing rules has become part of the heritage of international law, must ensure the triumph of law and justice in the Middle East. The United Nations, whose mission is to preserve present and succeeding generations from the scourge of war, must replace the spirit of war and confrontation with that of dialogue and co-operation.”

   1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

3. “Peace presupposes, thirdly, recognition of the rights of the Palestinians, because it is the breach of those rights that lies at the very heart and origin of the Middle East conflict. The General Assembly recognized this, first in 1969 when, in resolution 2535 (XXIV), it turned its attention towards the search for a comprehensive solution recognizing that the question of Palestine was at the heart of the Middle East conflict, and later, in 1974, in resolution 3236 (XXIX), when it reaffirmed the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people. 213. Fourthly, peace presupposes the adoption by all parties of the spirit of dialogue and negotiation. This has been the view of the Security Council since 22 October 1973, when it adopted resolution 338 (1973), deciding that negotiations between the parties concerned should start immediately. 214.”

   1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

4. “The General Assembly understood this at an early date when, on 29 November 1947, :t set forth the principle of a Jewish State and a Palestinian Arab State by adopting resolution 181 (II) containing the Plan of Partition for Palestine. 211. Secondly, peace presupposes respect for law, namely, for the principles of international law concerning friendly relations and co-operation among States, or, in other words, of the recognized principles of peaceful coexistence. The Security Council understood this when it adopted resolution 242 (1967) on 22 November 1967, which set forth the conditions for the establishment of a just and lasting peace and the principles for a comprehensive peaceful settlement of the Middle East crisis. 212.”

   1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

5. “The recent International Conference on the Question of Palestine, at Geneva, in addition to seeking to create a better awareness of the underlying causes of the Palestinian problem—the underlying causes of one of the oldest and most serious hotbeds of tension and war— and to finding ways of enabling the Palestinian people, through a comprehensive international effort, to exercise their legitimate rights, also embodied the will of the international community to achieve peace and called for a comprehensive international effort to enable the protagonists to overcome the psychological, historical, legal and other obstacles to the exercise of the rights of the Palestinians. 210. Peace presupposes, first justice and equity, because the Arab people of Palestine, like the people of Israel, are entitled to a homeland, to a State.”

   1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

6. “We have noted with satisfaction recent developments in the Arab Maghreb, and we hope that the political thaw and detente emerging there can contribute to the restoration of peace in that important region of our continent. 208. In the Middle East there is obviously a problem of peace. Peace is indeed the crucial element in a region that has known no peace since 1947. 209.”

   1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

7. “Just and lasting solutions to the problem of Western Sahara can be found only through respect for the decisions adopted at the eighteenth session of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity, as reaffirmed at the nineteenth session held at Addis Ababa last June, namely, by organizing a referendum for self-determination in Western Sahara and through the implementation of the measures drawn up by the Implementation Committee of the OAU. If we wish to achieve real progress on the basis of those measures it is essential that they be scrupulously implemented by the OAU. 207. We therefore appeal to all nations of the world to support the efforts of the OAU in this area.”

   1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

8. “On many occasions we have noted that, when either the Security Council or the General Assembly is faced with an important African political problem involving peace and security, it does not hesitate to refer it to the OAU. This happened in the case of Western Sahara. Yet at the same time certain Member States are attempting to impede the actions of OAU by adopting positions contrary to law and to unanimous OAU resolutions. 206.”

   1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

9. “South Africa's timid approach to this issue, which takes the form of granting some rights to certain mixed or Indian communities or by granting limited trade-union rights to the black mine workers, must be replaced by a clear policy aimed at restoring to the blacks all their rights in the interest of peace in South Africa and of trust and co-operation among all nations and races throughout the world. 205. As it did with other regional organizations, the United Nations, in keeping with Article 52 of the Charter, recognized the competence of the OAU with regard to the maintenance of international peace and security in Africa.”

   1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

10. “These are questions that demonstrate once again that any approach employing double standards is not calculated to strengthen trust in international relations and undermines the credit of those nations the adopt a compliant attitude towards apartheid. 203. What meaning can we give to this contempt for law on the part of States based upon and governed by law that do not hesitate to preach humanism and democracy—indeed, respect for human rights—to the States of the third world? Does it reveal the predominance of a unilateral and therefore totalitarian, monopolist and monopolizing approach to human rights, or does it reveal a deliberate indifference to the humiliation of and denial of basic human rights to the black man of Africa or to the so-called coloured of the third world? 204.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

11. “Therefore, apartheid is a crime unpunishable in South Africa, and South Africa is not a State based upon and governed by law, since its constitution must be regarded as being the instrument par excellence of a crime against humanity. Is there a Nuremburg Tribunal or a Tokyo Tribunal to punish this crime, which is unpunishable in South Africa, as there were for the crimes of nazism that were unpunishable in Hitler's Germany? If we are unwilling to punish the crime of apartheid what are we to do, since the idea of with a human face is incorrect, as apartheid has been defined as a crime against humanity?”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

12. “In an era when the defense of human rights is on the agenda of international gatherings as well as bilateral meetings, particularly between the countries of the North and those of the South, how can we explain the silence of one side in the face of the most serious violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of all time, namely, apartheid 202. It is dear that a State is entitled to organize the repression of crimes, offenses and other breaches in the law in order to protect law and order and the common weal. apartheid, which is a crime, is at the core of national life as organized by the Pretoria regime, and it forms the basic notion upon which the constitution and all official activities of that country are based.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

13. “Although apartheid has been unanimously condemned as a crime against humanity, there are some who refuse to draw the logical conclusions of that condemnation both with regard to their own attitudes towards the Pretoria regime and with regard to the actions of that regime and the legitimate struggle for national liberation being waged by movements recognized by the United Nations. 201. What the Africans are demanding is the emergence in South Africa of a truly democratic multiracial society governed by the majority and respecting the rights of all minorities.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

14. “South Africa's continuing illegal occupation of Namibia, coupled with its denial of the rights of the Namibian people and use of Namibian territory as a base for attacks against neighbouring countries, constitutes a serious threat to peace and security in that sensitive region of southern Africa. 200. In South Africa itself, the perpetuation of the policy of condemned by the international community as a crime against humanity, is repugnant to the conscience of all right-thinking people, to all men devoted to peace and justice throughout the world.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

15. “We hail the heroic struggle being waged by the Namibian people under the leadership of SWAPO, and we appeal to all nations of the world to contribute to the rapid implementation of the United Nations Plan for the settlement of the Namibian question and to lend their support and assistance to SWAPO, the sole authentic representative of the Namibian people. 198. We reiterate our condemnation of the repeated acts of aggression carried out from Namibian territory by South Africa against neighbouring African States, and in particular the violations of the territorial integrity of our sister republic of Angola, which have resulted in enormous damage to the economy of that developing country. 199.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

16. “We should like to take this opportunity to reaffirm that Security Council resolution 435 (1978) remains the sole basis for negotiations for the peaceful settlement of the Namibian problem. For the five members of the contact group which initiated the United Nations plan to resolve the Namibian problem, there is a question of credibility. They must implement the plan and not set aside its objectives. 196. Africa intends to keep out of power rivalries, and it is for that reason that it asks that the Namibian problem be seen as a problem of decolonization and that all the parties abstain from introducing into the Namibian question extraneous elements which could distort the problem and present it in Manichean terms as part of the East- West conflict. 197.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

17. “However, Security Council resolution 435 (1978) is fully consistent with the spirit and letter of General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV), the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples. 193. In May 1983, on the initiative of the group of non- aligned countries, the Security Council, after debating the question of Namibia, adopted resolution 532 (1983), inviting the Secretary-General to undertake further efforts with the parties concerned to guarantee speedy implementation of Council resolution 435 (1978). 194. However, it does not seem that the response of South Africa to the recent approach by the Secretary- General, who went to that country, is likely to accelerate the accession of Namibia to independence. 195.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

18. “If those forces were to leave, the troops from Zaire would not remain in Chad one day longer. 190. Since the adoption in 1966 of General Assembly resolution 2145 (XXI), which put an end to South African administration in Namibia and placed that Territory under the jurisdiction of the United Nations, defiance of the rights of that African Territory continues with quasi- impunity. 191. The United Nations plan for a negotiated settlement of the Namibian question, accepted by the whole international community, has been particularly difficult to apply, especially by those who initiated it and whose influence over the South African regime is, as everybody is aware, enormous. 192.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

19. “The head of State of Chad furthermore said he was fully ready to establish the conditions to enable Chad, with the assistance of all its sons, to set about the restoration of peace and reconciliation so as to ensure the development of the country. 188. We, in turn, appeal to all the sons of Chad and address our encouragement to the OAU in order that no honest effort be spared to find a peaceful solution to the drama of Chad, taking into account the rights of that country. 189. Speaking of the withdrawal of foreign troops, I take this opportunity to note that Zaire dispatched its troops to Chad at the request of the legitimate Government recognized by the United Nations, because uninvited forces had intervened there illegally, thereby threatening its security, territorial integrity and sovereignty.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

20. “I say illogically because at present States other than Chad are also partially occupied by armed forces supported and equipped from outside, inspired by a determination, which they in no way conceal, to overthrow the established governments. If we are unanimous in recognizing that such de facto occupations are illegal and constitute threats to peace and security, why should anything be different in the case of Chad? 187. We noted with satisfaction the recent statement by Mr. Hissein Habre, President of the Republic of Chad, in which, on behalf of the State and people of Chad, he made a moving appeal to all the nations of the world to help Chad preserve its territorial integrity, sovereignty and national unity.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

21. “That situation constitutes a serious threat to peace, stability and security in central Africa but, above all, it is a threat to the maintenance of the necessary balance throughout the African continent. 185. The present problem in Chad is neither more nor less than a challenge to law, to the Charter of the United Nations and to that of the OAU, because even recourse to Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations by a legitimate Government which is the victim of blatant outside aggression has been criticized by certain States Members of the United Nations, illogically, since any of them could be attacked tomorrow by an outside force. 186.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

22. “There are many sources of tension that draw the concern of world opinion and rightly provoke all sorts of questions concerning the future of mankind, at a time when we are less than 20 years from the end of the twentieth century. 183. In Central Africa, and more particularly in Chad, we witness the dramatic calling into question of the principles of international law, principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations and in the charter of the Organization of African Unity, particularly with respect to sovereignty, political independence, territorial integrity, non-interference in the domestic affairs of States, non-use of force in relations between States and the peaceful settlement of disputes. 184.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

23. “Peace and security in the world, the Fine non for progress and development, indeed for the survival of civilization and the restoration of confidence in international relations, can be secured only if we are prepared to pay the price to meet that double challenge, and first of all, the challenge to law and to the values of humanism. 182. There is a challenge to law and to the principles of the Charter of the United Nations in the case of Chad, in Namibia, in South Africa, in the Western Sahara, in the Middle East, in Afghanistan, in Kampuchea, in the case of the destruction of a Boeing of the South Korean civilian air transport company and so forth.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

24. “There is no need to recall that the work of this session of the General Assembly is commencing in an international atmosphere characterized by the continuation of wide-ranging crises and the exacerbation of tension and contradictions in international relations. 180. The world in general, and the United Nations in particular, are thus faced by a dual challenge: the challenge to law and to the values of humanism, and hence a challenge to the primary mission of the United Nations; and the challenge to co-operation conceived as a rational and equitable organization of the interdependence of States, and to international solidarity. The first compounds the second and the second explains the first, although in no way justifying it. 181.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

25. “Indeed that is so because he is convinced that the prosperity of the North, and indeed the recovery which has been glimpsed in the industrialized countries, cannot continue without an increased effort for the benefit of the developing countries in the southern hemisphere. 177. We have noted with particular satisfaction all the efforts made by the Secretary-General to enable the United Nations to fulfil the vital role it is called on to play to safeguard peace and security in the world and to bring about a new ethic based on greater sensitivity, solidarity and harmony in relations among nations and peoples. 178. I should also like most warmly to welcome the new State of Saint Christopher and Nevis, which has joined the United Nations family as the 158th Member State. We should like to assure it of our friendship and cooperation. 179.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

26. “I should also like to express our appreciation to your predecessor, Mr. Imre Hollai of Hungary, for the distinction with which he conducted the work of the thirty-seventh session. 176. Lastly, I should like to pay a special tribute to the Secretary-General for his outstanding report on the work of the Organization. It contains a lucid and detailed analysis of the major problems of international concern, of positions taken and of courageous suggestions made. It bears the imprint of special concern for international peace and security, law, co-operation and particular attention to the development of the countries of the third world.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)

27. “173. First of all, Sir, on behalf of the delegation of Zaire and on my own behalf, I warmly congratulate you on your election to the presidency of the thirty-eighth session of the General Assembly. 174. It gives me particular pleasure to see you presiding over the work of the General Assembly because you are a son of the third world, a statesman well versed in the arena of international life and closely acquainted with the United Nations. Your political and diplomatic experience, together with your thorough knowledge of the workings of the United Nations, are, we believe, an earnest of the success of our deliberations, which are taking place in an international context which is complex and difficult in all respects. I assure you of the wholehearted co-operation of the delegation of Zaire. 175.”

    1983-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 38 (1983)