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1958-09-24

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1961-09-24

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un-general-debate

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1. “My delegation reserves the right to make a more detailed and considered comment on this plan at a later stage. 33. I come now to the question of South West Africa. On this subject the recent Conference in Monrovia, to which I have previously referred, unanimously adopted the following resolution: "The Conference of Independent African States, "Deeply concerned by the situation in the territory of South West Africa, “1. Urges the Government of the Union of South Africa to implement the resolutions of the United Nations concerning the territory of South West Africa; "2. Maintains that this territory is in fact a Trust Territory of the United Nations, and as such the United Nations cannot relinquish its legal and moral responsibilities to the indigenous inhabitants, who are entitled to the same treatment given to other Trust Territories; "3.”

   1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

2. “However, I wish to make it quite clear beyond any reasonable doubt that the Government of Ghana will not associate itself with any plan for the solution of any problem in any African country if such a plan is intended ultimately to divide that' African country into two parts, and thus create in Africa a problem such as the problem now facing us in Germany, in Korea and in Viet-Nam. The Government of Ghana stands for the unity of Africa and also for the unity of individual African States. 32. Against this background, perhaps General de Gaulle may be well advised to revise his thinking, as set forth in his latest plan, on the question of independence for Algeria. However, I wish to make it quite clear that at this stage I am dealing with General de Gaulle's plan for Algeria purely on the basis of principles.”

   1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

3. “Appeals to the members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) with a view to urging France to desist from using in Algeria arms supplied by that organization-for defensive purposes; "3. Requests all the friends and allies of France, and all peace-loving nations and peoples, to use their influence with the Government of France with a view to bringing to an end the bloodshed in Algeria and enabling the Algerian people to achieve their legitimate aspirations towards independence and liberty. . .” The Government of Ghana stands by that resolution and is prepared to co-operate in any constructive effort which will help to bring the parties in Algeria together and ensure a peaceful solution of the problem of Algerian independence along the lines indicated in the Monrovia resolution. 31.”

   1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

4. “Conference in April 1958, as well as the Joint Communique issued at Sanniquellie on July 19, 1959, "Considering that it is through negotiation between the two parties concerned that a just, peaceful and democratic solution can be found in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations, "Taking note of the willingness of the Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic to enter into negotiation with the Government of France, "X. Urges France: "(a) To recognise the right of the Algerian people to self-determination and independence; "(b) To put an end to the hostilities and to withdraw all her troops from Algeria; "(c) To enter into negotiation with the Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic; "2.”

   1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

5. “Kwame Nkrumah, the Prime Minister of Ghana, is fond of saying that no good statesman can afford to close his eyes to political realities and then believe that problems can be solved by his refusal to accept the realities as hard facts to reckon with. 29. We believe that if the war in Algeria is to be brought to an end, and a peaceful settlement is to be effected in Algeria, then General de Gaulle and the nationalist leaders 'of Algeria should come together and negotiate for a cease-fire and for peace in Algeria. 30. At the Special Session of the Conference of Independent African States, held at Monrovia in August 1959, the following resolution was unanimously adopted: "The Conference of Independent African States... "Bearing in mind the resolution passed on Algeria at the Accra.”

   1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

6. “General de Gaulle seems to think that the war in Algeria could come to an end, and the Algerian problem could be solved, without the co-operation of the Algerian nationalist leaders, namely, the leaders of the National Liberation Front, who now form the Provisional Government of the Republic of Algeria. 27. The Nationalist Army, which has engaged the French Army in the field so courageously for nearly five years, is an army under the control of the nationalist leaders of Algeria. If there is to be a ceasefire and peace in Algeria, then, in our view, the leaders of France must negotiate with the leaders of the National Liberation Front in Algeria. This is a fact — a political reality — which the Government of France cannot conveniently ignore. 28. In this regard, Dr.”

   1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

7. “Algeria is not part of Europe, and therefore cannot be part of France. We refuse to accept the juristic, theory that any part of the African continent can be, or is, part of Europe 26. Last week General de Gaulle, President of the French Republic, made a statement in which he put forward his plan to end the war in Algeria and also to solve the problem of Algerian independence. One remarkable and significant feature of General de Gaulle's statement was, in the view of my delegation, his failure to face in a courageous manner the political realities of the present Algerian situation.”

   1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

8. “For nearly five years a relentless war has been raging in Algeria. The important point to remember is that the Algerian war is the only shooting war in the world today, the recent incidents in the Far East notwithstanding. The war in Algeria is not a "phoney" war. It is not a cold war. The war in Algeria is a hot war, a war of fire and steel. 24. The Algerian nationalists are fighting for nothing less than the same democratic freedom and justice which we all acclaim to be the inalienable right of all human beings. Why is Algeria not yet free and independent? This is the grave question Which we all have to answer. 25. Algeria is part of Africa. The Algerian question is, therefore, essentially an African question, and it must be put within the context of the struggle of the African peoples to free themselves from foreign domination.”

   1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

9. “This does not mean that the Government and people of Ghana intend to be silent spectators in a boxing contest, or in matters which affect our country's vital interests and the destiny of the African peoples. Our policy is not passive or neutralist. On the other hand, our policy is a positive policy, because we believe in what Dr. Kwame Nkrumah calls "positive action". 21. Africa is the question mark among the continents. And what is happening in Africa today is, in our view, perhaps the greatest challenge which modern civilization will yet have to face. 22. I shall now deal with the war in Algeria. The question of independence and self-determination for Algeria is, of course, one of the most compelling problems facing the United Nations today. It is a problem that threatens international peace and security. 23.”

   1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

10. “In pursuance of this policy, we shall continue our efforts to encourage all the nationalist movements in Africa, which are struggling to gain independence from foreign rule and achieve the unity of the African peoples. 19., Another cardinal aim of our foreign policy is to continue to cultivate friendship with all nations and peoples, wherever possible, and good neighbourly relations with our sister African States, and to contribute to the promotion of peace and security among the nations of the world. 20. To achieve this end, the Government and people of Ghana are determined not to get themselves entangled in the ideological conflict and the cold war, which have now divided the world into Eastern and Western Power blocs.”

    1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

11. “My delegation would like to say that, while we all join together in the Assembly to condemn aggression wherever it may exist in any part of the world, we should also like the Assembly to take notice of the fact that the peoples of Africa have been victims of aggression by the colonial Powers for many years, and in fact are still victims of colonial aggression, and that the majority of Africans today are still labouring under foreign rule against their will. 18. In the words of our Prime Minister, Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, we regard the independence of Ghana as meaningless unless we are able to use our freedom to help other African people to be free and independent, to liberate the entire continent of Africa from foreign domination, and ultimately to establish the Community of African States.”

    1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

12. “And all these things happened under British colonial rule. 16. We are also observing with close interest and increasing apprehension the deplorable situation in Angola, under Portuguese rule, and in other African countries which are at present under domination by colonial Powers. The delegation of Ghana will support any effort by this Assembly intended to secure the submission of information to the United Nations by Portugal on its colonial territories. 17.”

    1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

13. “A Royal Commission appointed by the United Kingdom Government has reported in clear and unequivocal terms that Nyasaland is a police state under British colonial rule. A resolution on the question of Nyasaland was adopted at the Special session of the Conference of Independent African States held at Monrovia in August 1959, and the Ghana delegation again calls upon the United Kingdom Government to lift the state of emergency in Nyasaland, to release Dr. Hastings Banda and the more than 600 Africans who were unlawfully detained,’ and also to lift the ban on the Nyasaland African Congress, so that the Congress and its members can participate in the normal political life of their country. 15. The Hola Camp incident in Kenya, where eleven African prisoners were beaten to death in cold blood, is also fresh in our minds.”

    1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

14. “We also hope that it will not be long before firm dates are fixed for the independence of other countries in Africa which are still under foreign rule and colonial domination. We believe that the time has come for the United Kingdom, as an Administering Authority, to take steps to fix a firm date for the independence of the Trust Territory of Tanganyika in consultation with the leaders of opinion in that Territory and in consultation with the United Nations. Since the United Nations has ultimate responsibility for the welfare and advancement of the people of Tanganyika, I think that there should be no difficulty in fixing a firm date for the independence of Tanganyika. 14. Recent developments in the Central African Federation, and especially in Nyasaland, have shocked the conscience of people all over the world.”

    1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

15. “The development of nationalist movements in recent times in Africa is a clear, and unmistakable demonstration of the intense desire of the African peoples to free themselves from foreign rule and become the masters of their own destiny. As a result of this reawakening, new nation States have been created in Africa and are now making their contribution in the family of nations. My own country, Ghana, is one of the new States which have recently emerged in Africa. The Republic of Guinea is another. 13. It is against this background that we look forward with pleasure to the opportunity of welcoming the new States of the Cameroons, Togoland, Nigeria and Somalia, which will join the community of nations next year and begin their respective careers in modern international life.”

    1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

16. “For this reason, the Government and people of Ghana are happy that it will be convenient for the Secretary-General to visit Africa towards the end of this year and in the early part of next year. We assure the Secretary-General that he will receive a warm welcome from the people in the several African countries he intends to visit, and we are confident that he will find his visit to Ghana an enjoyable and useful experience. 11. Today, Africa is the only one among the continents which is not yet free and the majority of whose indigenous inhabitants are still under colonial domination and foreign rule. During the past ten years, there has been a great national reawakening and a growth of political consciousness throughout Africa. 12.”

    1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

17. “In the peculiar circumstances of the modern world, it is impossible for any nation or group of people to exist in isolation. It is in the interest of all that the peoples of the world should learn how to live together, to work together, and to develop their resources together for the mutual benefit of all. 8. The United Nations is an effective, and useful instrument for promoting peace and mutual understanding between nations. We can all help to make it an even more effective instrument in the promotion of peace than it has been during the past fourteen years of its existence. 9. The Government of Ghana will continue to co-operate with the United Nations, and undertakes to associate itself actively with any efforts of this world Organization to maintain peace and security among the nations. 10.”

    1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

18. “If we are to measure up to this supreme test of the human spirit, and if we are to have that breadth of vision and magnanimity of outlook required for solving the complex problems of our times, then the situation demands of all the leaders and statesmen of the various nations of the world a complete change in traditional attitudes and a reorganization of thinking habits. 6. The Government and people of Ghana believe that, however great the differences which now exist between nations and peoples may be, it is still possible for all of us to work together for the common good, provided that we are all willing to accommodate the views, the culture and ways of life of all the peoples, within reasonable and tolerable limits. 7.”

    1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

19. “The times in which we live constitute, perhaps, one of the most momentous and challenging periods in human history. Today, perhaps more than ever before, the nations of the world are confronted with many complex problems which threaten the very existence of mankind and the continuance of life on the planet on which we live. On the other hand, the situation offers to us the finest opportunity to demonstrate the supremacy of the spirit and the higher nature of man over his lower self and base feelings or desires. This, in our view, is the greatest challenge facing modern civilization. 5.”

    1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

20. “1. On behalf of the delegation of Ghana, I bring to the Members of the Assembly cordial greetings from the Government and people of Ghana. 2. The delegation of Ghana would also like to associate itself with other delegations in congratulating you, Mr. President, on your election to the high office of President of the General Assembly at its fourteenth session. We hope that, under your wise guidance, the deliberations of this Assembly will be conducted in a spirit of good will, mutual confidence and understanding. 3. We hope also that the deliberations of this Assembly will be successful and useful in our collective effort to find solutions to the compelling problems of our time and will contribute to the maintenance of peace and tranquillity in the international community. 4.”

    1959-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 14 (1959)

21. “The Government of Ghana will continue to co-operate with the United Nations in our common effort to establish a world fellowship of peace.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

22. “We shall measure our progress by the improvement in the health of our people; by the number of children in schools and by the quality of their education; by the availability of water and electricity in our towns and villages; and by the happiness which our people take in being able to manage their own affairs. The welfare of our people is our chief pride, and it is by this that my Government will ask to be judged." 42. The delegation of Ghana would wish to suggest that, in the course of our deliberations, all Members of the United Nations must concentrate their efforts on finding a medium whereby the discoveries of science, and the knowledge that we have acquired in our technological advancement, could be used for the betterment of human life throughout the world. 43. This, we believe, is the greatest challenge in our time.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

23. “We believe that man is not the enemy of man and that the causes which impel man to destroy his fellow man can be eradicated when there is goodwill, neighbourly feeling and mutual respect for the dignity of the human person. 41. We believe that the real enemies of mankind are poverty, ignorance, disease, illiteracy and squalor, In this regard, the Prime Minister of Ghana, Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, has clearly stated that he would like the rest of the world to judge us in Ghana and assess our achievements on the basis of the extent to which we are able to provide high standards of living for our people. In a recent statement Dr. Nkrumah said: "The first objective of my Government is to abolish from Ghana poverty, ignorance, disease and illiteracy.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

24. “In Africa today, we are alarmed by the report that France intends to conduct atomic tests in the Sahara desert. We vehemently protest against this idea and we invite the United Nations and the conscience of the world to dissuade France from carrying out such atomic tests in the Sahara desert or in any other part of Africa. 39. Last year I indicated the basic principles underlying the foreign policy of my Government in the conduct of our relations with other States. Ghana desires to pursue a policy of peace, friendship and neighbourliness with all nations. We desire to cultivate and maintain friendly relations with all nations, wherever possible, and to be enemy to none. 40.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

25. “In the view of my Government, it is a sad reflection of our time that vast sums of money are being spent by the great Powers on the manufacture of weapons of destruction, especially nuclear and thermonuclear weapons. These vast sums of money could have been better spent on enterprises which would help to raise the standard of living of the peoples of the world and to eradicate poverty, illiteracy, disease, ignorance and squalor from human society. 37. We call upon the great Powers, especially the United States and the Soviet Union, to agree among themselves on the question of disarmament and to put a stop to nuclear and thermo-nuclear tests aimed at the destruction of human life. We must all learn to live together and work together to develop the arts of peace and not the arts of war. 38.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

26. “We are aware of a section of opinion outside Africa which, even at this stage, is still not happy about the establishment of the regional Economic Commission for Africa by reason of certain particular economic interests which it may still wish to pursue on the continent of Africa. However, my delegation would like to say that, in our view, there is no cause for apprehension. 35. We hope that all Members of the United Nations that have interests in Africa and that have a trust to discharge on our continent will co-operate fully in the activities of the regional Economic Commission for Africa in order to ensure its success to the benefit of the African people. 36.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

27. “In our view, the admission Of the People's Republic of China would conduce to the lessening of tension in contemporary international relations and would also contribute to ensuring the foundations of peace and security not only in the Far East but throughout the world. 33. Last year, the delegation of Ghana took part in the preliminary discussions which eventually resulted in the establishment by the General Assembly of a regional Economic Commission for Africa [resolution 1155 (XII). The Government of Ghana will cooperate with the other African States and with all other nations to make the work of the Commission a success to the mutual benefit of the African peoples. 34.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

28. “After a political settlement has been achieved, we believe that it will still be necessary to formulate plans for economic reconstruction and development in the Middle East, perhaps along the lines suggested at the third emergency special session by the Secretary-General of the United Nations [732nd meeting] and the President of the United States [733rd meeting], should the people of the Middle East themselves so desire. 31. My Government views with grave concern the present unsettled situation in the Far East. 32. In the view of my delegation, an important aspect of the matter, which perhaps may lead eventually to a lasting; settlement in the Far East, is the admission of the People's Republic of China to membership of the United Nations.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

29. “In the view of my Government, and in conformity with the principles of independence, and self-determination, the people of French Togoland should, at the appropriate opportunity, be given the chance to determine their future status through a plebiscite or referendum, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, and, of course, under United Nations supervision. This approach is a suggestion with which, we believe, all Members of the United Nations will agree. We hope France will agree in its own interest. My delegation reserves its right to develop its views on this matter at the appropriate time. 29. The Government of Ghana is anxious that an early solution of the present situation in the Middle East should be found, within the framework of the United Nations, which is acceptable to all the peoples of the Middle East. 30.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

30. “And may I be permitted to add further, that France should liberate itself not only from Algeria, but also from its self imposed responsibilities everywhere on the continent of Africa. My delegation strongly commends this friendly and neighbourly advice, not only to France, but also to all the colonial Powers on the continent of Africa. 27. The Government of Ghana is happy that the United Nations Commissioner appointed to supervise the recent elections in Togoland under French Administration has performed his work efficiently and impartially. The Commissioner has submitted a report to the General Assembly which will also be discussed by. the representatives at a later stage in our proceedings. 28.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

31. “In furtherance of this resolution, Ghana is cooperating, and will continue to co-operate, with the other African States in finding ways and means to enlighten world opinion on the Algerian situation, including the appointment of missions to tour the capitals of the world and to enlist the support of Governments for a just and peaceful settlement of the Algerian question. 26. Representatives, will recall the appropriate and significant advice given to France last year by the Foreign Minister of the Republic of Ireland, at the twelfth session of the General Assembly, when he said: "France is often urged to liberate Algeria; it is even more important that France should liberate herself from Algeria" [682nd meeting, para. 35].”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

32. “Urges France "(a) To recognize the right of the people of Algeria to independence and self-determination; "(b) To put an end to hostilities and withdraw the French troops from Algeria; "(c) To enter into immediate peaceful negotiation with the Algerian National Liberation Front with a view to reaching a final and just settlement; "4. Appeals to all peace-loving nations to exercise pressure on France to adopt a policy which is in conformity with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations; "5. Appeals to the friends and allies of France to refrain from helping France, whether directly or indirectly, in her military operations in Algeria; "6. Affirms its determination to make every possible effort to help the Algerian people towards the attainment of independence." 25.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

33. “"Deeply concerned by the continuance of war in Algeria and the denial by France to the Algerian people of the right of independence and self-determination despite various United Nations resolutions and appeals urging a peaceful settlement, notably the offers of good offices made by the Moroccan and Tunisian Heads of State, "Considering that the present situation in Algeria constitutes a serious threat to international peace and the security of Africa in particular, ”1. Recognizes the right of the Algerian people to independence and self-determination; "2. Deplores the grave extent of hostilities .and bloodshed resulting from the continuance of the war in Algeria; "3.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

34. “This Isa suggestion with which, we believe, all Members of the United Nations will agree. 24. The Government of Ghana is anxious that an early solution should be found to the Algerian question, and that the right of the Algerian people to independence and self-determination should be recognized. At the Conference of the Independent African States held in Accra in April this year, the independent African States' unanimously adopted the following resolution on the question of Algeria: "The Conference of Independent African States.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

35. “It is encouraging to observe that the Government of the Union of South Africa has now accepted the fact that the status of the Trust Territory of South West Africa is an international one. We are happy in the knowledge that at least a basis of understanding can now be reached from which further negotiations can usefully proceed in the settlement of this important matter. 23. My delegation would wish to suggest that the time has come when the United Nations may approach a solution of this problem through the medium of a plebiscite or referendum under United Nations trusteeship. This is the only effective, practicable and unerring method known to democracy for ascertaining the wishes and aspirations of a people. The people of South West Africa, should be given an opportunity to decide what their future shall be.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

36. “The Committee has submitted a report to the General Assembly and the representatives may have an opportunity to discuss the report at a later stage in our proceedings. 20. The Government of Ghana associates itself with any efforts that are being made to arrive at a peaceful settlement in this important matter and is prepared to support such efforts in every possible way. 21. However, I wish to say at this stage that my delegation will not associate itself with any proposition for the settlement of the question of South West Africa which aims at dividing the Territory, against the will of the inhabitants, with a view to incorporating part of it into the Union of South Africa. 22.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

37. “We trust that all people of goodwill will co-operate with the African States to ensure that these common ideals and objectives are implemented for the mutual benefit of all our peoples. 18. For several years the question of South West Africa as a Trust Territory has been discussed in the United Nations. It is unfortunate that the issue has not yet been resolved as a result of the attitude that the Government of the Union of South Africa had taken in the past. 19. The Government of Ghana is, therefore, happy that the General Assembly of the United Nations last year appointed a Good Offices Committee charged with responsibility "to discuss with the Government of the Union of South Africa a basis for an agreement which would continue to accord to the Territory of South West ‘Africa an international status" [resolution 1148. (XII)].”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

38. “"We have charged our Permanent Representatives at the United Nations to be the permanent machinery for co-ordinating all matters of common concern to our countries for examining and making recommendations on concrete and practical steps for implementing our decisions; and for preparing the grounds for future Conferences. "Faithful to the obligations and responsibilities which history has thrown upon us as the vanguard of the complete emancipation of Africa, we do hereby affirm our dedication to the cause which we have proclaimed." 17. The Government and people of Ghana stand by the resolutions adopted at the Accra Conference by the African States and uphold the principles enunciated in the Declaration I have just referred to.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

39. “"Desirous of mobilizing the human resources of our respective countries in furtherance of our social and cultural aspirations, we will endeavour to promote and facilitate, the exchange of teachers, professors, students, exhibitions, educational and cultural and scientific material which will Improve cultural relations between the African States, and to inculcate greater knowledge amongst us through such efforts as joint youth festivals, sporting events, etc.; we will encourage and strengthen studies of African culture, history and geography in the institutions of learning in the African States; and we will take all measures in our respective countries to ensure that such studies are correctly orientated.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

40. “"Furthermore, mindful of the urgent need to raise the living standards of our peoples by developing to the fullest possible advantage the great and varied resources of our lands, we hereby pledge ourselves to co-ordinate our economic planning through a joint economic effort and to study the economic potentialities, the technical possibilities and related problems existing in our respective States; to promote co-ordinated industrial planning either through our own individual efforts or through co-operation with specialized agencies of the United Nations; to take measures to increase trade among our respective countries by improving communications between them; and to encourage the investment of foreign capital and skills provided they do not compromise the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of our respective States.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

41. “"We pledge ourselves to apply all our endeavours to avoid being committed to any action which might entangle our countries to the detriment of our interests and freedom; to recognize the right of the African people to independence and self-determination and to take appropriate steps to hasten the realization of this right; and to affirm the right of the Algerian people to independence and self-determination and to exert all possible efforts to hasten the realization of their independence; to uproot forever the evil of racial discrimination in all its forms wherever it may be found; to persuade the great Powers to discontinue the production and testing of nuclear and thermo-nuclear weapons, and to reduce conventional weapons.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

42. “We resolve to preserve the unity of purpose and action in international affairs which we have forged among ourselves in this historic Conference, and to safeguard our hard-won independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity, and to preserve among. ourselves the fundamental unity of outlook on foreign policy so that a distinctive African personality will play its part in co-operation with other peace-loving nations to further the cause of peace.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

43. “President, with your permission, I should like to quote, in extenso the Declaration made unanimously by the independent African States at the Accra Conference: "We, the African States assembled here in Accra, in this our first Conference, conscious of our responsibilities to humanity and especially to the peoples of Africa, and desiring to assert our African personality on the side of peace, hereby proclaim and solemnly reaffirm our unswerving loyalty to the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Declaration of the Asian-African Conference held at Bandung. "We further assert and proclaim the unity among ourselves and our solidarity with the dependent peoples' of Africa as well as our friendship with all nations.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

44. “On the question of racialism, the Conference of Independent African States considered that the practice of racial discrimination and segregation was "evil and inhuman", and was a direct violation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The Conference condemned "the practice of racial discrimination and segregation in all its aspects all over the world, especially in the Union of South Africa, in the Central African Federation, in Kenya and in other parts of Africa". 16. Mr.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

45. “The conference was held in order to provide an opportunity for the African States to exchange views on all aspects of foreign policy, and to develop a common approach to a solution of their common problems with a view to safeguarding their "hard-won independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity". 14. In regard to the future of dependent territories in Africa, the Conference was convinced "frat a definite date should be set for the attainment of independence by each of the colonial territories, in accordance with the will of the people of the territories and the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations". 15.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

46. “The result of this arbitrary partitioning of Africa was that, at the end of the First World War, there were only three independent States on the continent, namely, the Kingdom of Ethiopia, the Republic of Liberia and, of course, the Union of South Africa. 11. Between the First and Second World Wars, Egypt, which is now part of the United Arab Republic, regained its independence from foreign rule. 12. From 1945 to 1957, five African States regained their independence and made their appearance on the international scene. These States are: the Republic of Sudan, the Kingdom of Morocco, the United Kingdom of Libya, the Republic of Tunisia and Ghana. 13. In April of this year, the independent African States met at a conference in Accra.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

47. “Minorities naturally fear majority rule, and we believe that safeguards and guarantees of minority rights are needed in Africa, just as they are needed in other parts of the world. The Africans are themselves conscious of the fact that denial of safeguards and guarantees of minority rights will bring about difficulties that may affect their own economic and social progress. However, this should not be used as an excuse for suppressing majority rights in Africa. 10. The continent of Africa is like a question mark amongst the continents. Its geographical formation demonstrates this fact. In the latter part of the nineteenth century, various European powers divided the African continent amongst themselves.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

48. “Ghana has no apologies to render in this regard, nor have we any excuses to make. Ghana has made no secret of the fact that it rejects colonial status for any part of Africa, and that we desire to see all Africa free and independent. 8. The overwhelming majority of the population of Africa are indigenous Africans. Even in those countries with considerable European settlements, such as the Rhodesias and other parts of East Africa, over 90 per cent of tire people are indigenous Africans. When we call for an end to colonialism, therefore, we are doing no more than stating our belief and our firm conviction that the fact of a vast African majority should be accepted as the only basis of government in-Africa. 9.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

49. “It provides a common forum in which peoples with different backgrounds, different cultures, and different approaches in their outlook can meet together in friendship and on a basis of equality to discuss problems of economic and social well-being for the mutual benefit of all its members. 7. In his recent foreign policy speech in our Parliament, to which I have referred, the Prime Minister of Ghana made reference to the policy of Ghana in relation to the continent of Africa. There is a growing body of opinion in one part of Africa, and in some quarters outside Africa, that Ghana is becoming the centre of anti-colonial forces and political agitation for independence. The enemies of freedom and independence for the African people view this nationalistic development with alarm.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)

50. “Ghana will continue to co-operate fully with the United Nations and its specialized agencies and will work together with all other nations to make the United Nations a useful and effective instrument for the preservation of international peace and security. Ghana has a vested interest in peace. It is only when there is peace in Africa, land in the world as a whole, that we can have the opportunity to continue, without interruption, with the work of economic and social reconstruction of our country, and of providing high standards of living for our people. 6. Ghana values its association with the other nations of the Commonwealth because we believe that the Commonwealth is an instrument which can work for peace and international co-operation.”

    1958-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 13 (1958)