YouSaid · the spoken record

JAWAD

lines on the record: 216
first: 1959-09-24
most recent: 1962-09-24
sittings or episodes: 4
sources: un-general-debate

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“The colonial Powers, notably the United Kingdom, have taken Steps to fortify their positions in the area, especially since the rapid progress of the movement for national liberation in Asia and Africa, and the United Nations decision regarding the liquidation of colonialism [resolution 1514 (XV)]. 36. The Iraqi national revolution of July 1958 and the decision of Iraq to leave the Baghdad Pact have had a deep impact on changing the policy of the colonial Powers in the Middle East. A new politico-military plan has been worked out with a view to tightening the colonial grip on the region. What disturbs the colonialists further is the adoption of the policy of non-alignment in the area by an increasing number of States and the influence of that policy on public opinion in others.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“All these activities have not been accidental, but were intentional and are part of an over-all plan aimed at keeping tension and instability in the whole Middle East region. 34. The NATO and the CENTO, as it is well known, are closely interlocked and interdependent alliances. Both the United States and the United Kingdom are committed to CENTO, which operates in the Middle East. It was after March 1962 that both NATO and CENTO decided to step up their military preparations in the Middle East and to increase the pressure on some countries of the region, including my own. Other countries of the Middle East, not members of the alliance, have joined in these activities. 35.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“This type of intervention falls in the pattern of the traditional colonial policy of divide and rule. And although the colonial tactics have changed from one place to another, their strategy remains one of keeping conditions of instability in the region, so as perpetuate the colonial presence under a state of continuous tension. 33. The period since the last session of the General Assembly has been characterized, in the Middle East particularly, by an obvious increase in the activities of the colonial Powers and their reactionary agents in the region, despite the manifestations of casual friendship and amity. A number of States have received, from the United States in particular, increased aid for military purposes, and military bases have been strengthened by men and war materials.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“Various means have been employed to foment instability in the region, for the maintenance of positions of strength for the colonial Powers in the newly independent States as well as in the occupied territories. This instability has become a socio-political problem, dangerous both to the people of the region and to the peace of the world. The methods used by the colonial Powers include open warfare, subversion, hostile propaganda, economic and military pressure, the maintenance of military bases and garrisons, instigation to violence, and the causing of friction and hostility between States through their involvement in military blocs. 32. Moreover, the colonial Powers have utilized all the forces that are most eager to keep the peoples of the Middle East in a backward state.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The struggle against colonial domination and intervention is consuming most of the energies of the people, thereby retarding their economic and social development, which is the most fundamental aspiration of people everywhere. It is clear that the colonial Powers have failed to understand that the people in the Middle East have one supreme desire: to end their state of under-development and to live in peace and amity with the whole world. Experience has demonstrated that the colonial Powers have one main objective: to prevent the complete liberation of the people in the Middle East in order to prolong the colonial presence in the region, politically, economically and militarily. 31. The maintenance of the colonial presence in the Middle East is a factor of instability.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The Middle East region stands at a meeting line between East and West and has been directly and indirectly dominated by the colonial Powers because of its strategic importance and for its great natural wealth. While some countries of the Middle East have been successful in freeing themselves from colonial, domination, there still remain large areas under colonial subjugation. In general, the main sources of wealth are still in the hands of foreign Powers. The struggle between the peoples in this region and the colonial Powers has been sharpened by the general awakening of the people and their desire to live freely and independently and to become masters in their own countries.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“It is necessary here to draw attention to the disruptive influence of some of the great Powers. By their deliberate obstruction of the measures taken by the Secretary-General, and by their overt and continuous aid to Tshombé, they bear the major responsibility for frustrating the: efforts of the United Nations to restore the peace and unity of the Congo. Their irresponsible actions can only weaken this Organization and impair its usefulness and effectiveness as a vital force for world peace and human welfare. 29. I turn now to some questions regarding the Middle East and the colonial Powers. A number of speakers have already referred, in some detail, to their own regional problems. Let me how refer to some of our regional problems and their impact on the world situation. 30.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“This is the essence of the accepted policy of peaceful coexistence, and any other policy would inevitably lead to aggression. The people of Cuba are free to choose their own system of government and no State, however big and powerful, has the right to interfere in the internal affairs of other States. 27. The situation in the Congo remains a source of great anxiety and concern. The laudable efforts of the Secretary-General to ensure the attainment of the objectives of the United Nations in the Congo are being continually thwarted and obstructed by Tshombé. Mercenaries continue to be recruited and their position in Katanga has been further consolidated. The United Nations is called upon to take effective measures to defend the unity and territorial integrity of the Congo and to end the secession of Katanga. 28.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The choice now is in the method of settling this problem. To attempt to solve the problem by employing force would be a complete denial of the realities of the situation, as revealed by the existence of two Germanies, differing in economic and political systems, and a reversal of the whole trend of development of peaceful coexistence. To proceed thus is utterly unrealistic, and the community of nations rejects such methods of force as contrary to the United Nations Charter and the main historical trend of development in the relationship among nations. 26. The situation in Cuba poses a number of serious international questions which have considerable bearing on the maintenance of peace. We all have as neighbours countries with differing social and political systems and no country has the right to impose its system upon others.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“While wide-spread and deep satisfaction was felt on the occasion of the termination of the war in Algeria and the achievement of Algerian independence and on the conclusion of the Agreement between Indonesia and the Netherlands [A/5170, annex] there remain unsolved a number of crucial problems which threaten peace. At this, juncture mention should be made of the German problem and the tension over Berlin, the deteriorating situation in the Congo and the situation arising between the United States and Cuba. Each of these problems is stirring up trouble in an important region, namely;, Europe, Africa and Latin America, respectively. 25. The crisis over Berlin threatens, to unleash a general war. The German problem continues to be serious and has become a factor of delay in the settlement of other international problems.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The attainment of independence by Algeria end the settlement of the problem of West Irian provide a new hope for the future and demonstrate the futility of colonial wars to suppress the rights of peoples to freedom and independence. 23. I wish to take this opportunity to extend our congratulations to the Government and people of Indonesia on the restoration of their rights in West Irian, which we have always considered to be an integral part of the Indonesian Republic. A major portion of the credit is due to the Secretary-General, whose patient efforts have succeeded in bringing the two sides together and settling a potentially dangerous problem. The United Nations has embarked upon a new and important experiment which may be fruitfully followed in similar cases in the future. 24.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“We welcome the inscription of this question as a separate item on the agenda, and we wish to express our thanks to the Soviet Union for taking the initiative in this regard. My delegation will expound its views fully at the appropriate time when the question of China's representation is discussed in the plenary. 22. This session of the General Assembly opens once again in an atmosphere of international tension despite the great efforts made since the last session to settle the major international problems. However, some success has been achieved in the settlement of certain questions which, it is hoped, will lead to creating more confidence in the machinery and process of peaceful settlement of international disputes, and differences.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“The liberation of Algeria, we believe, has set the stage for a new development in the relationship between the West and the Middle East, particularly between France and the Arab countries. 20. I wish also to welcome among us the four other new Member States, namely, Rwanda, Burundi, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, and we hope to welcome, in the very near future, yet another new Member, Uganda. 21. The People's Republic of China is still barred from taking its rightful place in the United Nations. This anomalous situation cannot be tolerated much longer. It is utterly inconceivable that the most populous, nation in the world, a country with a rich and ancient culture representing a great force in our world today, should be denied its lawful rights to represent the Chinese people in this Organization.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“This is because the Algerian struggle for independence has also been a revolutionary war, both, in its methods and its impact on the minds of the people as well as on the organization of Algerian society. Although it has been a costly war for the Algerian people, it is hoped that the colonialists would have drawn the necessary conclusions as to, the futility and the dangers, involved in the policy of force, not only in maintaining their position in occupied areas, but also in their endeavour to arrest the march of history in the developing countries. Nobody would dispute the fact that realism has finally triumphed in France, as can be evidenced from the approach to the Algerian question.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“18. Mr. President, I wish to take this opportunity to congratulate you on behalf of the Iraqi delegation, on your election as President of the seventeenth session of the General Assembly. Your election to this high office is an act of recognition on the part of the international community of the long and devoted service you rendered to the cause of peace and justice in the world. 19. The General, Assembly has already welcomed Algeria as a Member of the United Nations. I have had the privilege of speaking on this memorable and historic occasion. After 132 years of French colonial rule, and a war which lasted nearly eight years, the Algerian people, who bore heroically the brunt of the eight years' battle with a big Power, have emerged stronger than ever and have demonstrated that a war of national liberation cannot yield to force.”
1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)
“Foremost among these, in our opinion, is the principle of universality, and we can think of no greater affront to this great principle than the continued exclusion of the People's Republic of China from the United Nations. Now, more than ever, my delegation deems it necessary to raise its voice from this rostrum in favour of the seating of the true representative of China in this Organization. 66. These are times of great peril to humanity and its continued'-existence on this planet. The best alternative available to us. if we are to avoid disaster, is to make the United Nations into a real instrument for the maintenance of world peace and security, as it was intended to be, and to pool our collective efforts towards that end.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“They will achieve their national and territorial unity in due course, after sweeping away the puppet rulers of Kuwait and their national and international supporters. 64, What is regrettable in this whole episode is the existence of many statesmen who are quite unashamed in their support of oil imperialism at the expense of the interests of a whole people. 65. We are all conscious of the fact that this session of the General Assembly is meeting at a particularly difficult juncture in international relations. But we must reaffirm our faith in this Organization and dedicate ourselves anew to the ideals and principles which motivated its founders at San Francisco.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“It will have been clear from these remarks that British neo-colonialism in the oil regions of Arabia has introduced a new form of a so-called State which does not possess the elementary prerequisites of statehood. Thus, it has become possible to declare a number of oil wells a State. This is the irony of oil imperialism. It is a well-known fact, supported by history, that oil is an objective that has led world Powers to control, dominate and even subjugate oil-bearing countries. The search for oil has led big oil interests, often supported by their respective Governments, to foment civil war, topple Governments and subvert puppets for the purpose of securing concessions. 63. The people in Iraq and Kuwait who know that they belong to one country and one nation will never accept the fait accompli imposed by the British imperialists.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Thus, under the guise of the nominal independence of Kuwait, and with the support of military forces stationed in a number of points in this area, Britain is trying to safeguard its colossal oil interests and to ensure the continued vast financial investments of the Sheik of Kuwait in Britain which have been, and still are, important factors in the British economy. British action in Kuwait has the support of the United States, as the Kuwait Oil Company is a joint enterprise of British Petroleum and the American-owned Gulf Oil Corporation. That is why both big Powers are anxious to give this nominal independence of Kuwait a shadow of legality by endeavouring to bring it into the United Nations. 62.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Britain will not lack the means of suggesting to the Sheik that he should ask for its help whenever it sees fit that its imperialist interests will be served by its military presence in the area. Nor is it to be expected of the Sheik or of his present regime, who depend on British protection and are directed by British control, that they will oppose British wishes or disobey British orders. The agreement, while speaking of an ostensible independence, confirms the subordination of Kuwait to Britain. 61.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Logically and realistically understood, this provision requires Kuwait to consult Britain, with all that such consultation involves by way of accepting British guidance and direction. 59. Furthermore, Britain is committed, by the terms of the new agreement which it has devised, to go to the Sheik's help should he require it to do so. This will give Britain the opportunity to interfere militarily in Arab affairs—a fact already proved by the landing of British forces in Kuwait to oppose the restoration of Iraq's legitimate rights which we affirmed, from the very beginning, we would pursue solely by peaceful means. 60. The fact that British troops may be called into Kuwait at anytime, according to this agreement, makes of Kuwait a military base from which Britain can threaten Iraq and other Arab countries—indeed, the entire Middle East area.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“One point, however, deserves quick mention, as it throws light on the methods which would be employed to perpetuate colonialism under the guise of nominal and fake independence. 58. Last June the British Political Officer in Kuwait concluded an agreement with the tribal chief in Kuwait, allegedly to terminate the agreement of protection of 1899.2/The terms of the new agreement show only too clearly that it is a device for the maintenance of Kuwait under British control. It provides for the continuation of relations which, as is well- known, were never other than those of master and vassal. It also stipulates that appropriate consultations should be held between the two parties regarding matters of mutual concern.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Since the General Assembly adopted its resolution [1514 (XV)] on the termination of colonialism, Britain has been trying hard to find a formula to cover up its imperialist presence in the Arabian Gulf and South Arabia. It has realized that the old method of concluding agreements with the tribal chiefs—and it has scores of these agreements—no longer obscures the fact of its colonialist status. 56. Now—and this is the latest imperialist invention— to maintain its control Britain plans to give these tribal sheikdoms the appearance of independent States. Kuwait, for example, has already been turned into a so-called independent State. Our delegation has had occasion in the Security Council to show that Kuwait is an integral part of Iraq, and I do not intend to labour this now. 57.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“In this way, Britain is also acting as the guardian of other Western interests, including those of the United States, France and the Netherlands. V.' ' 54. For this purpose, it supports and preserves |fie primitive tribal systems of- government and maintains in power a number of tribal chiefs. Thus, the economic and political presence of Britain in this area is tied to the corpse of a rotting social system. It is a paradox of this anti-colonial era, when the advancement of the colonial people is alleged to be the sacred trust of the advanced countries, that the Western colonialists, and especially Britain, should labour hard to keep the people of this area in such a state of backwardness. 55.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“In this' area, which is the richest in oil in the Middle East, Britain has great vested interests and dominates all the Oil-bearing territories stretching from Kuwait, in the north-west of the Arabian Gulf, down to Aden, in south-west Arabia, After the loss of its military and air bases in Iraq, following our national revolution of 1958, British military installations had to be moved southward to the Arabian Gulf and Aden, and had to be augmented to meet the menace of the liberation movements in that area. Furthermore,; Britain had to keep its position in order to threaten Iraq and other adjacent territories where it possesses oil concessions. 53. Britain maintains its domination and direct control over these territories for tile sake of oil.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“I would like to direct attention now to another part of my country—the action of Britain in the Arabian Gulf. 51. It has often been asked why Britain maintains at present large military, naval and air forces in the Arabian Gulf, why it has turned the island of Bahrain into a naval and air base, why it maintains an air base in Sharja on the southern coast of the Arabian Gulf and another on the Isle of Misera near the Oman coast of the Arabian sea. The same question is asked about the reason for turning the port of Aden into a bastion of all types of military forces. 52. The answer to these questions is simple and obvious.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“The most significant aspect of the conflict is the fact that the Petroleum Development Company owns and finances its own army, the Muscat-Oman Field Force, raised by the British Government and led by British mercenary officers. 49. This Company's army, together with some British forces, have been fighting the people of Oman. This is a recurring phenomenon in the history of imperialism; that is, private enterprise is, now openly fighting its wars for the subjugation of peoples and the suppression of their liberties. It reminds one of the activities of the East India Company two centuries ago. It is hardly necessary to remind the General Assembly of the grave dangers involved in this tendency, and suffice it to say that imperialism has not yet departed from its methods of violence in this era of liberation and equality of nations. 50.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Since 3i955 the people of Oman have been engaged in an unequal struggle-for their freedom and independence. The world has been kept in ignorance of this tragedy of a small nation by an international blackout imposed by the United Kingdom. Not one, not even a British or an American, correspondent is allowed to visit the area while acts of extermination by the regular army continue. 48. Some of the elements of this small war are now known to the world. In 1954, the Sultan of Muscat, a stooge of the British, concluded an agreement with the Petroleum Development (Oman) Ltd., a subsidiary of the Iraq Petroleum Company—which, by the way, is Iraqi in name only, to exploit the oil resources of Oman, a country which does not fall under his jurisdiction.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“The policy of wavering followed by General de- Gaulle shows only too clearly that he is still the captive of the same reactionary and capitalist forces which brought him to power. Although the interests of the monopolies do not coincide with those of the ultra- colonialists, General de Gaulle is nevertheless prolonging the Algerian colonial war and breaking the negotiations in the hope of imposing upon Algeria the conditions laid down by big business. 46. Colossal economic interests are the forces behind the colonial war in Algeria, especially oil interests. 47. In another part of the Arab homeland, Oman, oil companies are also behind the acts of aggression and suppression carried J, by the United Kingdom against a small and unarmed nation.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“That is why General de Gaulle declared in September 1959, that: "all measures will be taken, cost what it may, to guarantee the extraction, delivery and loading of Sahara oil in which France and the whole of the West are interested." Subsequent events and developments both in France and Algeria show that neither party has changed its position; the Algerian people are more determined than ever to achieve their independence in an integral Algeria, while the French monopolies are increasingly enlisting the support of their counterparts in the West, and particularly in the United States, and having the protection and intervention of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization [NATO]. 45.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“For this purpose, General de Gaulle, for sample, devised the Constantine Plan, aiming at the promotion of an Algerian industry and the cultural integration of the Algerian people with France. The failure of this plan to give the anticipated results rapidly and the refusal of the Algerian people to be diverted from their national goal have infuriated the French monopolists, especially the major banks and oil companies. 44. General de Gaulle was, therefore, the target of great pressure by the monopolists to protect their economic positions; and the way for such protection it seemed to them, is the partition of Algeria in order to keep the rich oil deposits of the Algerian Sahara.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“The negotiations proved to be mere delaying tactics with a view to promoting the bases of certain imperialist projects which would falsify the independence sought by the Algerian people, and keep Algeria under indirect French domination. This process has been going on for a number of years, and General de Gaulle was the man selected by the vested interests to implement it. Above all, General de Gaulle's main intention was to defend the interests of the big oil and mining companies. Attempts were made by certain oligarchic and feudal circles in France and North Africa to create a force which would stand between the ultra-colonialists and the National Liberation Front and to prevent the achievement of real and complete independence in Algeria. 43.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“At its fifteenth session, in its resolution 1573 (XV), the General Assembly recognized the right of the Algerian people to "self-determination and independence", and called for the respect of the unity and territorial integrity of Algeria. Negotiations for the achievement of these objectives have been recommended previously by the General Assembly of the United Nations. 41. In actual fact, negotiations between the French and the Algerian Governments started twice and failed to achieve any results. The Algerian Government has clearly stated the reasons. France aimed through negotiations to violate the territorial integrity of Algeria by cutting the Sahara apart, and France wanted to keep a privileged position politically, economically and militarily in Algeria and to bind Algeria to France. 42.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Israel has usurped the land of Palestine from its rightful inhabitants and created, by violence , and aggression, a State dominated, by, an immigrant minority while the majority were expelled from their ancestral homeland, in which they and their forefathers lived from time immemorial, There can be only one way for the removal of this great injustice, and that is by removing the source and root of the problem, Israel. 40. I come now to the question of Algeria. In Algeria the seven-year-old colonial war is still being waged relentlessly by France, and the end is not yet in sight. It has become evidently obvious that France can never win a military victory.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“The support of the Western Powers for Israel is no doubt consistent with the role it is playing in disturbing the peace in the Middle East, which is an essential element in maintaining Western dominance in the area, 38. It has been increasingly realized by the people of the Arab countries chat the existence of this foreign and colonial element in the body of the Arab homeland is a factor in guaranteeing the continuation of foreign exploitation and dominance, 39. The rights 6f the Arab people of Palestine must he fully and unconditionally restored.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“In this way, Israel has been justly described as the Trojan Horse of imperialism in the Middle East. 36. During the years of its existence the world has come to realize that the presence of Israel constitutes a threat not only to the Middle East region, but also to the peace of world. But this fact does not seem to change the attitude of some Western Powers towards Israel. It has remained their favoured child. An immigrant minority in Palestine has been built up into a State under the protection of the West. 37. Despite its continuous violation of the General Assembly's resolutions and the decisions of the Security Council, Israel continues to receive unlimited military, economic and political assistance from the West.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“The events of the last thirteen years have given ample evidence of the real designs of Western imperialists, Israel has been a continuous source of disturbance for the stability of the area and a threat to its security, Israel's aggressive policy and repeated military attacks on its neighbours have diverted a great part of the forces and resources of the Arab States from economic development to self-defence preparations, Its expansionist policy, manifested by the encouragement of immigration of Jews from all parts c the world to Palestine, by the colossal military build up, and by its alliances with certain Powers hostile to the Arabs, have kept the Arab countries under a perpetual threat of war. Israel, moreover, received abundant economic and military assistance from the West, and enjoyed its political and diplomatic protection.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Genuine independence of the Arab countries meant above all their complete control over their economic resources; and destiny — a development which contradicts' the dominance of Western economic and military interests, and threatens the flow of oil to Western industry. It was, therefore, necessary for the Western imperialists to continue to play the leading role in the Middle East region. They envisaged the achievement of this target by keeping the region in a state of constant instability and .insecurity and by providing a bridge-head for future hostile operations, This dual purpose was achieved by the creation of Israel, 35.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“The Second World War greatly enhanced the strategic position of these Arab countries in the overall economic and military schemes of the Western colonial Powers, The pre-war period, on the other hand, had witnessed a considerable political, economic and cultural revival in the Middle East region which could not be contained within the old framework of relations instituted by the West. The liberation movements led to the independence of some of these countries, while in others the struggle for freedom had gained momentum, Although the struggle between the colonial Powers and the Arab people produced a complex set of problems, the basic challenge remained undoubtedly political.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“The interests of the United Kingdom and France greatly increased with the rise of European capital investment, and the discovery of great oil potentialities in the region. These Arab countries gained rapidly a unique position in the Western economy, particularly through their oil production, They also became militarily valuable to the West in the world struggle for power. Thus the control over the region's oil, and over the political activities and the tendencies of its people became the cornerstone of Western policy in the Middle East. Apart from the monopoly control, of the region's oil resources, this trend in policy also manifested itself in the promotion of alliances of a politico-military character, and in the support of decadent regimes and reactionary systems of government. 34.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“I ask the indulgence of the General Assembly if I refer in brief to some of those imperialist practices, especially in the Arab homeland. We Arabs have suffered more than any other nation from the oppression, exploitation and violence of imperialism, and we still do. Even those countries which gained their independence have been, and still are, targets for imperialist pressure and threats of aggression. 33. I take first the Palestine question. As a result of the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the First World War, the Arab countries in the Middle East were partitioned between the United Kingdom and France. They were occupied during the inter-war period, and their economic wealth, especially oil, was exploited by international cartels.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Neo-colonialism hopes to create conditions which will allow it to perpetuate indirectly, and even to restore, the imperialist domination. In fact, neo-colonialism follows methods and tactics which aim, at retarding and may even falsify, the achievement of the real independence and sovereignty of the new nations. 31. Despite ail these endeavours of the imperialist Powers to adapt their policy to changing circumstances, the old and traditional colonial system still manifests itself in the war in Algeria, the intervention in the Congo, the policy of integration as practised by Portugal, the racial discrimination in South Africa, the police regimes in some United Kingdom territories in Africa, the gun-boat policy carried on by the United Kingdom in the Arabian Gulf and Southern Arabian Peninsula. 32.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“In order to achieve its objectives, neo-colonialism, which appears in many cases nowadays as collective colonialism despite inter- imperialist contradictions and rivalries, utilizes political, economic and ideological means. 30. Politically, neo-colonialism with the assistance and support of the reactionary and corrupt social elements tries to divide the national front and to prevent the formation of independent States. Economically, the main objective of neo-colonialism is to prevent the establishment of independent or autonomous national economies by maintaining the fundamental colonial elements of, the economic system, such as production of raw materials, maintenance of the feudal and semi- feudal agrarian structure and monoculture, obstruction of industrialization, keeping of unfavourable balance between imports and exports.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“This is to be achieved, among other things, by slowing down the process of liberation of the colonial peoples, and by maintaining the institutions devised under the colonial system. 29. In comparison with traditional colonialism, neocolonialism does not reflect political and economic force and power, but rather the weakness and decline of the imperialist system. It nevertheless struggles to weaken and obstruct the national liberation movements, especially by indirect methods which, however, do not exclude the traditional use of force and violence, the oppression and extermination of people and the invasion of territories.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“In many cases, the colonialists realize that power relations at present make it imperative to retreat to new positions. But it is evident that as long as the capitalist monopoly system remains as it is, the colonialists cannot renounce their super-profits derived from invested capital, the domination and ruling of colonies, the resources of raw materials, cheap labour, markets, spheres of influence and capital investment, nor lose the strategic positions for their military security and otherwise. 28. For these reasons they seek to change their methods and tactics in order to keep their positions of domination under a new form, that is, neo-colonialism. Thus neo-colonialism is in essence an endeavour to conceal the new division of territorial and economic interests.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“We supported a similar proposal at the Belgrade Conference. 25. The colonial system of relationships which is based on force and violence has developed an ideology of the superiority of Western ideas and institutions. In consequence, and in order to maintain the old relationships, the imperialist ideology is fighting a rearguard battle, and thus violating the principles of the Charter, and creating conditions which threaten the foundations of peace and security in the world. 26. Neo-colonialism is, therefore, the principal form which the imperialist policy takes under present world conditions which were created by national liberation movements and by the retreat of the capitalist exploitation system in the face of the advancing socialist systems. 27.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Last year's resolution [1514 (XV)] of the General Assembly regarding the termination of colonialism was a definite warning to the colonial Powers that world public opinion no longer accepts or even tolerates the existence of the colonial system, The Declaration on the granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples provides that "all armed action or repressive measures of all kinds directed against dependent peoples shall cease in order to enable them to exercise peacefully and freely their right to complete independence, and the integrity of their national territory shall be respected". Unfortunately, in most cases this has not been observed. For this reason, my delegation will support the proposal of the Soviet Union to fix a time-limit for the final and complete liquidation of colonialism.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“The end of colonialism means the promotion of normal relationships between the various races, nations and States, and implies, above all, the termination of Western political, economic and cultural domination over the underdeveloped countries. 24.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“The propelling forces in this great march for liberation from the bondage of past ages are no different from those which carried European society out of the ages of feudalism and serfdom. This is the historical tendency of the present era in history. So it is not a question of the new nations' adopting communism or free enterprise, but whether they can achieve peacefully social and political equality with the advanced countries. 23. In fact, the social revolution which is driving towards the goal of national independence and individual freedom and equality, finds in the colonial system the main obstacle and roadblock to its fulfilment. Historically, colonialism has been the one-sided rule of the human race by a European minority which imposed itself by force and treachery.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)
“Nevertheless, the fight against colonialism is still raging in parts of Asia, Africa and Latin America. 22. On colonial questions we are anti-Western. Our position regarding colonialism is definite: we want the complete liberation of the colonial territories and of the new States from colonial rule and all the vestiges of the colonial system. This does not imply that we are against everything Western. But it must be pointed out that at present the West is on the wrong side of a social and political revolution which is sweeping all the under-developed areas of the world. This revolution is in essence a demand by the new nations for equal political rights, equal economic opportunities, and the rule of law.”
1961-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 16 (1961)