YouSaid · the spoken record

Ali

THE RECORD WRITES THIS SPEAKER AS ALI

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173

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1955-09-24

most recent

1995-09-24

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4

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un-general-debate

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1. “It was Pakistan which initiated the Foreign Secretary-level talks. But after six rounds of talks it is evident to us that India’s ostensible desire for negotiations with Pakistan carries little credibility while it continues the killing in Kashmir. Pakistan does not reject dialogue, but it must not be a dialogue of the deaf. Kashmir is a dispute between India and Pakistan. Every dispute between two States is bilateral. It is also an international issue. The United Nations is obliged to take cognizance of such disputes, specially when they involve violations of the United Nations Charter and the non-implementation of Security Council resolutions. Kashmir is the key to unlocking the problems of South Asia. Kashmir cannot be brushed aside any longer. The conspiracy of silence must be broken.”

   1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

2. “As the Security Council declared in 1957, such unilateral actions cannot be considered as the basis for the "final disposition" of Jammu and Kashmir. This can only be done through a United Nations-supervised plebiscite prescribed by the Security Council. A final settlement of the Kashmir dispute will have to be based on the freely expressed wishes of the Kashmiri people. In a paper transmitted to India last February, Pakistan outlined the possible modalities for ascertaining their wishes. Pakistan welcomes the Secretary-General’s offer to exert every possible effort to "facilitate the search for a lasting solution to the Kashmir issue" (A/49/1, para. 542). We hope India will also accept the Secretary-General’s offer of good offices, as Pakistan has done. Pakistan is prepared for talks with India on Kashmir.”

   1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

3. “The so-called political process advertised by India is wishful thinking. The All Parties Hurriyat Conference, which groups 34 Kashmiri political parties and organizations, has rejected any settlement short of freedom from India. Arriving in Srinagar after his release two days ago, Abdul Ghani Lone said: "Any elections to be held in Kashmir are to be under the auspices of the United Nations and ... only for the right of self-determination". The other released Kashmiri leader, Syed Ali Shah Ghani, said: "Elections are no answer to the problem in Kashmir. The people of the State do not accept anything short of freedom. There will be no compromise in the fight for self-determination". India’s attempt to organize another fraudulent election in Kashmir will prove abortive.”

   1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

4. “New Delhi’s forecasts of imminent success are designed to deceive the Indian public and world public opinion. The Indian army is caught in a quagmire. Secondly, despite India’s assertions about Pakistan’s interference, the Kashmiri struggle is obviously indigenous. The Line of Control in Kashmir has 400 soldiers per kilometre. The Indians have wired and mined the Line. Nothing can get through. United Nations monitoring of the Line can verify this. No external force can convince the Kashmiris to offer the kind of sacrifices being made by Kashmiri men, women and children in the cause of freedom. For five years the Kashmiris have sustained their struggle. They will continue their struggle even if Pakistan wishes otherwise. Thirdly, no credible Kashmiri group or leader accepts a "solution" for Kashmir within the Indian Union.”

   1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

5. “This will become visible once India lifts the Draconian emergency laws operative in Kashmir, releases all the Kashmiris detained in Indian jails, withdraws a part of its huge force from Kashmir, and allows human rights organizations and humanitarian agencies free access to the occupied Valley of Kashmir. And we hope the international community will not forget the victims of Indian atrocities. As in Bosnia and Rwanda, the human rights violations which have been documented and reported by impartial agencies must be investigated by an international tribunal, and those who are found guilty must be punished. Finally, the efforts to promote a political settlement of the Jammu and Kashmir dispute must take into account three realities. First, the Kashmiri freedom struggle cannot be crushed by force.”

   1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

6. “Secondly, to ameliorate the suffering of the Kashmiri people, India should take some genuine steps to halt its 12 repression. We note with satisfaction that concern about opinion at this Assembly has convinced India to release at least two of the imprisoned Kashmiri leaders. This is a victory for the Kashmiri freedom struggle. These aging and ailing leaders will, we hope, be allowed to proceed abroad for medical treatment. Shabir Ahmed Shah, who, like Nelson Mandela, has spent 20 years in prison because of his commitment to freedom, has not been released. The world community must demand the release of this prisoner of conscience. There is no evidence that India has given up its repressive strategy in Kashmir.”

   1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

7. “To arrest the threat to peace, I have addressed a letter to the President of the Security Council proposing that the United Nations Military Observer Group for India and Pakistan should be substantially enlarged from its present size of 35 observers. UNMOGIP should be allowed to perform its mandate of patrolling both sides of the Line of Control. This would help to stem cease-fire violations, lower tensions and avoid the danger of a conflict. The enlarged United Nations Observer Group could also ascertain the veracity of India’s allegations that Pakistan is providing military assistance to the Kashmiri struggle. I hope that the Security Council will approve our proposal. I hope that India will allow the United Nations Observers to discharge their mandate of patrolling on both sides of the Line of Control.”

   1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

8. “During August alone, the United Nations Military Observer Group for India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) recorded 142 complaints from Pakistan of Indian cease-fire violations. Indian firing across the Line of Control is specifically aimed at civilians. In the past five years, over 600 civilians have been killed on our side of the line. Pakistan’s self-restraint should not be misunderstood. Indian aggression will have disastrous consequences. There are three priorities in addressing the Kashmir question: first, to avert the threat of a conflict; secondly, to ameliorate the suffering of the Kashmiri people; and, thirdly, to open a credible diplomatic process designed to achieve a just and peaceful solution to the Kashmir dispute.”

   1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

9. “We have refrained from extending military help to them. The Indian allegations of Pakistan’s support for the so-called militants are designed to explain away the resilience of the Kashmiri freedom movement, to erode international sympathy and support for the Kashmiris and, more ominously, to create perhaps a casus belli for a new aggression against Pakistan. The Kashmir crisis poses a growing threat to international peace and security. On India’s independence day this year, Prime Minister Rao demanded all of Kashmir. In recent months, Indian politicians and generals have threatened to launch attacks across the Line of Control. India’s violations of the cease-fire have escalated.”

   1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

10. “Distinguished representatives: If your son was killed, and his body was thrown on your doorstep, how would you respond? If your daughter was gang-raped by the soldiers of an occupation army, what would be your response? The Kashmiri people have the right - under international law, under our Charter, under our resolutions - to resist the Indian army of occupation by all the means at their disposal. Their heroic struggle cannot be dismissed as terrorism. It is a valiant freedom movement which deserves the full support of the international community. Pakistan is a party to the Kashmir dispute. Our people are incensed at India’s brutal killing of our Kashmiri brothers and sisters. We have, nevertheless, acted with restraint. We have extended moral, political and diplomatic support to the Kashmiris.”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

11. “Bertrand Russell, when he observed that "When one observes that the high idealism of the Indian Government in international matters breaks down completely with the question of Kashmir, it is difficult to avoid a feeling of despair". India preens itself and postures on the issue of terrorism. Terrorism is the use of indiscriminate violence against innocent people. This must be condemned. By this yardstick, India is guilty of daily and systematic acts of terrorism against the Kashmiris. On the other hand, to resist a foreign invader, to repel an army of occupation engaged in murder, torture, rape and arson is not terrorism. It is the exercise of self-defence. Self-defence is a right as old as history; a right recognized in the United Nations Charter.”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

12. “8) "As this report amply illustrates, the human rights situation in Kashmir is getting worse at a time when international pressure on the Indian Government has all but ceased. Indeed, it could be argued that the increase in deaths in custody and other abuses over the last six months is not unrelated to the signals sent by India’s one-time critics, notably the United States: that human rights would no longer feature prominently in bilateral discussions". (p. 20) I have seen the statement made here yesterday by the Commerce Minister of India. While I can fully subscribe to the high ideals which he has propounded, I find myself in the same situation as the distinguished philosopher the late Mr.”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

13. “When the issue was raised at the Commission on Human Rights, India offered cosmetic concessions to prevent the dispatch of a United Nations fact-finding mission to Kashmir. Thereafter, it denied it had made such a deal. On the ground as well, India escalated its repression as soon as international pressure was eased. The day after we agreed to resume talks, India conducted a massacre in Sopore, killing 50 Kashmiris. Once India had concluded that the major Powers would overlook its human rights violations because of the lure of trade and profits in India, the repression against the Kashmiris and the rhetoric against Pakistan sharply escalated. 11 Let me quote from the conclusions of the latest report of Human Rights Watch/Asia, entitled: India: Continuing Repression in Kashmir (August 1994, vol. 6, No.”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

14. “India’s massive violations of human rights have been well documented by impartial organizations and observers, such as Amnesty International, Asia Watch, the International Federation of Human Rights, the International Commission of Jurists, Physicians for Human Rights and many others. The world knows about Indian barbarism in Kashmir. It is unfortunate that the world has remained silent so far. When faced with the possibility of censure by this Assembly last year, India offered to resume talks with Pakistan on Kashmir. In the talks held last January, India displayed no desire for a settlement. It repeated the fiction that Kashmir was an integral part of India. The Indian Foreign Secretary told us that India had the right to use as much force as it wanted to prevent Kashmir from breaking away.”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

15. “Nehru, stated in the Indian Parliament: "If, after a proper plebiscite, the people of Kashmir said, ’We do not want to be with India’, we are committed to accept that ... we will not send an army against them". But India has gone back on its agreement. It refuses to implement the Security Council resolutions. It has sent its army against the people of Kashmir. It has chosen to crush the Kashmiri freedom movement by brute force. Over the past five years, 40,000 Kashmiris have been killed; thousands more are in Indian jails. Thousands of Kashmiri women have been raped by Indian soldiers as part of a policy to break the spirit of the Kashmiri people. Whole villages and neighbourhoods have been put to the torch. Torture is routine; disappearances are common; and summary executions are standard practice in Kashmir.”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

16. “A wider conflict in this volatile region could have the most serious consequences for peace and security in Europe and the Mediterranean. A grim and bloody struggle is also going on in Jammu and Kashmir. As in Bosnia, it is an unequal struggle - between the defenceless Kashmiri people and an Indian occupation force that now numbers 600,000. In Kashmir, as in Bosnia, the principles of the Charter, of international law and of international morality have been violated with impunity. The struggle of the Kashmiri people is just and legitimate. They were promised by the United Nations Security Council - and by India and Pakistan - that they would decide, through a United Nations-supervised plebiscite, whether they wished to join India or Pakistan. On 26 June 1952, the late Prime Minister of India, Mr.”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

17. “Pakistan and other Islamic countries fully support the demand for the immediate lifting of the arms embargo against Bosnia and Herzegovina. We regret the threats by certain countries to withdraw their troops from the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) if the embargo is lifted. The Islamic States will be ready to contribute their troops to UNPROFOR to compensate for any shortfall created by such withdrawals. We call for vigorous steps by UNPROFOR to effectively protect and provision Sarajevo and other safe areas. We also urge the creation of exclusion zones around all safe areas. If expansionism is not stopped in Bosnia, if genocide is not punished, the virus of war will spread to Kosovo, to Sandjak and perhaps to the entire Balkans.”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

18. “The Bosnian Serbs have rejected the peace plan, which is, in truth, unjust to the Bosnian Muslims. It does not entirely reverse "ethnic cleansing". It does not punish the aggressor. It does not ensure the territorial integrity of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Bosnia should be offered peace with justice, otherwise peace will not endure. Pakistan and other Islamic countries are appalled at the Security Council’s recent decision to ease the sanctions against Belgrade - the root cause of the aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina. This will not stop the flow of military supplies to the Bosnian Serbs. It will merely encourage Serbian intransigence. The Bosnian Muslims must be allowed to exercise their right to self-defence.”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

19. “Forty thousand Muslim women have been systematically raped by the Serbs. Millions of Muslim men, women and children have been ejected forcibly and brutally from their homes. While the aggression was going on, the major Powers went through the motions of promoting peace. The Security Council adopted 50 resolutions, but it has yet to implement them. Mediators appointed by the United Nations and the European Union advocated peace plans that rewarded the aggressor and penalized the victim. Even the right to self-defence has been denied to the Bosnians. The United Nations Protection Force has 10 supervised relief but failed to stop the war or protect the Bosnian people. It was only when the North Atlantic Treaty Organization carried out - belatedly - the threat of air strikes that the Serbs halted their onslaught against Goradze and Sarajevo.”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

20. “This is essential to ensure the success of the third round of United Nations- sponsored talks, to be held in Islamabad later this month. The United Nations must encourage the peaceful resolution of the Cyprus issue on the basis of a bi- communal and bi-zonal federation, in which the Turkish Cypriot and the Greek Cypriot community would have equal status. The Security Council must act, under Chapter VII of the Charter, to implement its own resolutions, reverse the Armenian aggression and restore the unity and territorial integrity of Azerbaijan. We all bear a collective responsibility for the failure to halt and reverse Serbian aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina. A holocaust has taken place before the eyes of the world. Two hundred thousand Bosnians, mostly Muslims, have been killed. Of them, 30,000 were innocent children.”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

21. “The United Nations must ensure that the twilight of the twentieth century is not as bloody as was its dawn. We must act resolutely to end the series of regional conflicts that currently threaten international peace and stability. The civil war in Afghanistan has compounded the suffering imposed on its people during the long and victorious struggle against foreign occupation. The world community should not forsake the Afghan people. We must continue to demand an immediate end to the hostilities. We must promote a new political consensus for the future governance of Afghanistan. To facilitate this, we must commence reconstruction in the peaceful parts of the country. We welcome the temporary truce in Tajikistan. Pakistan hopes that the preliminary steps agreed will be implemented by the parties.”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

22. “The Pakistan delegation congratulates you warmly, Sir, on your election to preside over this important forty-ninth session of the United Nations General Assembly. Your election is a fitting tribute to your experience and outstanding achievements. It is also an expression of the high regard in which the international community holds your great country. We are confident that under your able stewardship this Assembly will succeed in advancing the noble aims and objectives of our Charter. I wish also to record my delegation’s profound appreciation for your predecessor, Ambassador Samuel Insanally of Guyana. He presided most ably over the Assembly as well as over the important Working Group on Security Council reforms. The principal purpose of this world Organization is "to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war".”

    1994-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 49 (1994)

23. “He sought to weaken one section of them, slaying their sons and sparing their women. Certainly, he was of the oppressors. But we desire to show favour unto those who are considered weak in the earth, and desire to make them leaders and to make them inheritors of our favours and to establish them in the earth. Thus we desired to show to Pharaoh and Haman and their hosts that which they feared from them." 213. It is the divine purpose that those who are deliberately reduced to a position of weakness in the earth shall be uplifted; they will become the recipients of God's favour, they will become leaders in their territories and God will make them inheritors of His favours. Let him who has ears hear and let him who has eyes see and take heed.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

24. “Those who exercise power and authority in these territories today must take heed of the stirring and the ferment in the rest of that continent. Humanity is on the march, in Africa as elsewhere. It will not be stayed; whatever and whoever seeks to halt it will be swept away. This is not a new phenomenon, history furnishes many illustrations of it and one of the most striking was enacted more than three thousand years ago, at the other extremity of the continent of Africa. The outlines of that tremendous event are common knowledge. I shall draw attention to only one aspect of it, which is thus described in the Koran: "We rehearse unto you a portion of the history of Moses and Pharaoh with truth, for the benefit of a people who would believe. "Verily, Pharaoh behaved arrogantly in the land, and divided the people thereof into sections.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

25. “Those who act as if men are not equal in effect deny the fundamental premise that we are all creatures and servants of one God, the All-Knowing, the All-Hearing, the Almighty. His laws and His decrees are supreme. They may be contravened and defied for a time, but persistence in such defiance attracts inevitable consequences and penalties which are also part of the law of God. 212. In South Africa and in some of its neighbouring territories a section of the population, comparative newcomers to those lands, have set up the doctrine and have adopted practices which divide men into superiors and inferiors, the privileged and the unprivileged, the favourites and those out of favour, the strong and the weak, the oppressors and the oppressed. If these doctrines and practices are not speedily set right the inevitable must follow.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

26. “He stated: "Let me assure the Assembly that South Africa will not be deterred by criticism and vilification, or by threats and intimidation, from moving forward on the road — let us say, to our 'New Frontier' — which it firmly believes is in the interests of all sections of our peoples." [Ibid., para. 111.] In other words, the Foreign Minister proclaims that South Africa will not listen to the voice of reason nor pay heed to considerations of fairness, justice and humanity. It is determined to persist in its course and to take the consequences. History shows what the consequences are bound to be. 211. An attempt to divide humanity into sections is in effect a denial of the unity of the Creator.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

27. “Louw again sought to take shelter behind a plea of extenuation on the ground that "some of the sharpest attacks come from the Members and from political leaders of countries where racial discrimination is openly practised and where serious clashes between whites and non-whites frequently take place". As has been rightly pointed out during the course of the general debate, States where such conditions still persist recognize the evil and are strenuously engaged in adopting measures for its eradication. They do not, as in the case of South Africa, claim these conditions as a virtue. South Africa glories in them as the concluding words of the Foreign Minister once more proclaimed.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

28. “The Foreign Minister made only a very brief reference to what he described as "South Africa's policy of separate development, also known as apartheid", and that only for the purpose of emphasizing his plea that this is "essentially a domestic affair governed by Article 2, paragraph 7, of the Charter". The Assembly has, however, uniformly, with overwhelming majorities, rejected that plea on the ground that the disregard of fundamental human rights on a vast scale by a Member State is a matter appropriately falling within the authority of the United Nations and is not excluded by Article 2, paragraph 7 of the Charter. 210. Mr.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

29. “We must recognize the truth that the United Nations, imperfect as it is and often as it meets with frustration in its progress towards the achievement of its ends, nevertheless stands between order and chaos and is the only international organization available for the pursuit and fulfilment of our common purposes. 208. Therefore, criticism of the kind to which the Foreign Minister of South Africa made reference in his speech, far from proving his case, furnishes proof that the Organization has not mortgaged its soul to any particular Power or group of Powers. 209.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

30. “Criticism of the United Nations in respect of such activities is another proof that it is seeking to pursue actively its purposes as set out in the Charter. 206. Again, one often hears and reads criticism of the United Nations which amounts, in effect, to the claim that he who pays the piper must be able to call the tune. The United Nations was not set up to become the instrument of the policies of any particular State or group of States, whatever may be their contribution towards its operation. It was set up to serve humanity and to secure the achievement of its purposes for the benefit of all mankind, not only certain sections of it. 207.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

31. “There is too much of a tendency in certain quarters to condemn the United Nations and to predict its dissolution just because, with regard to some particular problem or other, the majority of the Members do not accept the views or policies of certain Members. That is an utterly untenable position. If the Organization is to be "a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of the common ends", which are set out in the first three paragraphs of Article 1 of the Charter, and is to include "... promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion", all its decisions and activities cannot be in accord with the views of every Member State. In some cases it is bound to press — and on occasion, heavily — upon delicate spots.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

32. “A well-to-do member of a club, who pays his dues punctually, but misbehaves in a manner utterly unbecoming to a member and inconsistent with his moral obligations, cannot derive much comfort from the fact that he is not in arrears with respect to his contributions. He tried to show that certain elements in the Western countries, and even certain Governments, are not completely satisfied with the United Nations. That is merely proof that the United Nations is seeking to achieve worth-while results in the service of humanity. If every Member of the United Nations were satisfied with it, it would be a condemnation of the United Nations as having utterly failed in its purposes and having degenerated into a well-run social and debating club. 205.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

33. “has been singled out for calumny and vilification, in many cases by delegations whose own Governments are guilty of discriminatory practices and the oppression of large sections of their own populations" [ibid., para. 72]. In putting the matter in that juxtaposition, he gives away his whole case. In effect, he complains that the kettle has no right to call the pot black. This does not, however, prove that both are not equally black. 204. Mr. Louw then sought to take credit for, and find comfort in, South Africa’s record with regard to the fulfilment of some of its obligations to the United Nations, particularly in the matter of contributions. This does not, however, carry him very far.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

34. “Louw was compelled to advance his ill-conceived and ill-directed arguments with so much vigour and skill bears eloquent testimony to the fact that the United Nations is today vibrant with life, and is not a moribund organization as he would have the world believe. 203. The Foreign Minister then went on to complain that the United Nations has continued to interfere in South Africa's domestic affairs in increasing measure and that lately it has begun to interfere in the domestic affairs of one of South Africa's neighbours, namely Southern Rhodesia. It is easy to understand the relationship between South Africa and Southern Rhodesia and to appreciate the anxiety of the Foreign Minister of South Africa concerning Southern Rhodesia. His particular complaint, however, is that his country"...”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

35. “The Foreign Minister of South Africa then referred to the general international situation and to the United Nations and found the position in those spheres also discouraging. He referred to the increasing membership of the Organization and threw down the challenge; "...will anybody be so bold as to say that the increased membership has brought fresh life and saner counsels to the Organization?" [1128th meeting, para. 7.] Sanity and wisdom are largely matters of the angle of vision. What may appear to be wisdom to the lion is pure savagery and brutality to the lamb. Nobody, however, would be so bold as to deny that the United Nations is much more alive today than it was fifteen years ago. Today it is within sight of universality. The very fact that Mr.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

36. “The forty-five countries which he had in mind, and many others, are in ferment, which means that they are alive. They are striving to go forward. There is an effort to correct inequalities, injustices, discriminations, shortcomings and the like. The method chosen in each case may not be wise or appropriate, but the struggle towards freedom and better conditions continues. In South Africa there is none of this. Everything is, for the moment, static and frozen. According to the Foreign Minister, while there is disturbance in the rest of the world, there is peace in South Africa. But that disturbance is the effervescence of life. The peace in South Africa is the peace of the grave. 202.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

37. “He pointed out that in forty-five countries there had been revolutions, coups d’état, revolts, border clashes, internal unrest, riots and violence, serious racial clashes between whites and non-whites, and states of emergency. He appeared to take pride in the fact that the Republic of South Africa had been free from disturbances and unrest and that political calm in that country had been accompanied by conditions of financial stability and exceptional economic progress. 201. I will not question his statement as it stands, though, of course, it is subject to many qualifications and is utterly incapable of supporting the conclusion that the Foreign Minister of South Africa sought to draw from it. I shall make only a brief comment.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

38. “It is a tribute also to the good sense and sincerity of all its members that the Committee has performed its difficult work in a businesslike and harmonious manner. 199. Let me now turn to a subject which the Assembly might be called upon to discuss. It is a subject which transcends all other matters since it concerns the dignity of man. An important aspect of this subject was presented to the Assembly, at the 1128th meeting, by the Foreign Minister of South Africa from his point of view, a point of view which is utterly untenable and wholly repugnant to the very concept of man as the vicegerent of God upon earth. 200. The Foreign Minister of South Africa, Mr. Louw, began by deploring the record of the world outside South Africa, as exhibited during the last year.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

39. “If the whole spirit underlying the Charter of the Organization is to have any significance and meaning, and if the provisions relating to self-determination and the equality of men and nations are to be given life and purpose, then the General Assembly cannot shirk its responsibility towards the struggles of peoples to be free from foreign rule. In recent years and in particular after the adoption of the historic Declaration on the granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples [resolution 1514 (XV)], the efforts of the United Nations have been greatly intensified. The Special Committee of Seventeen on the implementation of that Declaration deserves our praise for the conscientious and painstaking work done by it in the short period of its existence.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

40. “Whether it be in Angola or in Southern Rhodesia, the will of the people to be master in their own home is inexorable. To resist this swelling tide of national self-expression is to invite disaster. The true interest of the administering countries themselves requires that they cease to take shelter behind special pretexts, and transform the existing relationship of master and subject; tutor and pupil; mother and child; or whatever other fatuous descriptions may have been used, into a relationship between friends and equals. 198. The efforts made in the United Nations in this matter have undoubtedly assisted and encouraged the struggles of the colonial peoples.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

41. “In Africa, in particular, the territories that remain under foreign rule present perhaps the greatest challenge to the collective wisdom of this Assembly and of the administering Powers. It is by now obvious to all, and admitted by most, that the days of colonialism are numbered. It should be abundantly clear to those who try to postpone its inevitable end that rear-guard struggles to maintain an anachronistic order can only exacerbate the situation and render more difficult the establishment of friendship and co-operation between peoples and nations. The whole process of decolonization has now gathered such momentum that the mood of the colonized peoples will not permit any feet-dragging or go- slow policy in the granting of freedom by the colonial Powers.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

42. “It is our duty to bend all our efforts in order to find a solution on the basis of justice and human rights. 196. Tremendous strides have been made, particularly in the last few years, by resurgent peoples in Africa and Asia in liberating themselves from the yoke of colonialism. We see the manifestation of this evidence in the hall of this Assembly. This year, four former colonies, Rwanda, Burundi, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago, have joined us as fellow Members of this Organization. We extend our greetings to them and to the Governments of the United Kingdom and Belgium for their wisdom and foresight in bringing these territories to freedom in a peaceful and orderly manner. 197. Unfortunately, colonialism still continues to hold sway in many parts of the globe.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

43. “This year the General Assembly will be called upon to consider the renewal of its mandate. We are strongly of the view that the Agency should continue in existence, until such time as the Palestine refugees have been enabled to stand on their own feet. This is the least that the international community can do to mitigate the tragic consequences of its decision to partition Palestine. The only lasting solution of the problem of Arab refugees lies in their return to the ancestral homes from which they were forcibly and violently ejected. This was recognized in paragraph 11 of General Assembly resolution 194 (III), but that provision has not been implemented to this day. A solution of the problem of Arab refugees must be sought if peace- is to be restored to that troubled part of the world.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

44. “We can only hope that respect for the law, the dictates of reason and considerations of self-interest, will prevail over false notions of vanity and national prestige and persuade India to follow a policy of co-operation and friendly coexistence with its neighbours. There can be no better way to begin a year for international co-operation than for countries to settle their disputes, in accordance with the peaceful procedures laid down in the Charter of the United Nations and in fulfilment of their international obligations. We want to live in friendship with India, we want to be friends with India, if only it can be done on honourable terms. 195. Much has been done by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency to help alleviate the plight of Palestine refugees. Its efforts deserve our praise and support.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

45. “Bakhski Ghulam Mohammad, the head of that regime and the main prop of the Indian occupation, was himself constrained to observe the other day that if such a thing happened, "Indian capitalists would easily buy and own the whole of Kashmir". 193. Friendly relations cannot be established between India and Pakistan, nor can peace be secure in that region, if India continues to trample underfoot the right of the people of Kashmir to decide their own future, in defiance of the principle of self-determination enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations, in violation of its own word of honour and in disregard of the international agreement undertaken by it in all solemnity. 194. The veto may bring the proceedings of the Security Council to a halt. It cannot silence the voice of a people determined to be free.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

46. “The history of the dispute shows that while India has appeared as the champion of self-dtermination all over the world and has paid lip-service to the United Nations resolutions conceding the same right to the people of Kashmir, in actual fact it has not only sought to avoid the implementation of these resolutions on one pretext or the other, but has been pursuing a course designed to bring about the complete absorption into India of the portion of the State occupied by it. 192. In the last few months, a movement has been initiated in India with the object of abolishing even the allegedly, special status the puppet regime in Kashmir has enjoyed up till now.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

47. “It is in the interest of both India and Pakistan, and indeed of the region in which they are situated, that they should compose their differences in an amicable manner and cease to wage a bitter and distracting cold war. 190. The great obstacle in the way of the creation of friendly relations between India and Pakistan has been and continues to be the unresolved question of Kashmir. Kashmir is not a simple boundary dispute between two neighbours, nor a territorial dispute in the usual sense of the word. It involves the question of the right of self-determination of four million people. 191.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

48. “The method chosen by India not only violates this agreement, but is contrary to the rules of civilized behaviour. 187. The expulsion of Muslims in such large numbers and in such a cruel manner has naturally caused great indignation in Pakistan and intensified the existing tension between the two countries. 188. Only last week a body of Indian troops crossed into East Pakistan and have taken up positions in two different places within our territory. In order to avoid exacerbation of an already tense situation, the Pakistan Government has shown great self-restraint and has so far refrained from taking military action to eject the intruders. We are lodging a protest with the Government of India and we hope that its troops will be withdrawn immediately. 189.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

49. “Within a period of ten days in that month alone, 9,000 Muslims were expelled from the State of Tripura. They were driven out of their homes and thrown bodily across the Indian border in a state of utter destitution. In most cases, no notices were served on them, no enquiries made, In regard to the legality or otherwise of their status. 186. It is the contention of the Government of India that all the tens of thousands of Muslims who have been so harshly evicted were Pakistan citizens who had entered India illegally. Even if this were a fact, which it is not, the Government of India should have had recourse to the procedure laid down in the agreement between Pakistan and India which deals with the specific problem of illegal immigrants from one country into the other.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)

50. “I shall now turn briefly to some of the other problems before the General Assembly which are of direct or special concern to Pakistan. One of these, in the field of human rights, is entitled "Manifestations of racial prejudice and national and religious intolerance". In this context, I am constrained to refer to an issue which impairs friendly relations between Pakistan and its great neighbour, India, and which, of late, has assumed serious proportions. This is the mass expulsion of Muslims from India to Pakistan. 185. According to a Press release issued by the Government of India itself, about 90,000 Muslims have been deported from the three Indian states of West Bengal, Assam and Tripura during the last ten years. These evictions have been greatly stepped up since July of this year.”

    1962-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 17 (1962)