YouSaid · the spoken record

Mercado Jarrin

THE RECORD WRITES THIS SPEAKER AS MERCADO JARRIN

lines on the record: 171
first: 1969-09-24
most recent: 1971-09-24
sittings or episodes: 3
sources: un-general-debate

Every line below is reproduced as it was said and linked to the record it came from. Nothing here is summarised or generated. Directory · Search · Corrections

“These principles have been proclaimed by the peoples of the United Nations and by regional communities in declarations of human rights which, undoubtedly, constitute the finest and most complete ethical and juridical achievements of our century. They have inspired the constitutions of various countries, they have served as guidance for numerous laws and have encouraged the hopes of millions of human beings. 123. However, it must be admitted that the initial progress that has been achieved has not yet been followed by full practical implementation. Alongside United Nations initiatives in the field of human rights, there exist discriminatory practices such as apartheid, and racial and religious intolerance, which are repugnant to the conscience of the world.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Today no one any longer denies that human welfare requires the conquest of freedom, not only in its political sense but also in the sense of the liberation of man from his harshest oppressors: poverty, disease and ignorance; and that this welfare also requires the achievement of equality, expressed by the same rights and obligations for all, regardless of sex, race, religion or class. 121. These rights are no longer merely the guarantees granted to its citizens by the liberal State, vigilant of its own order; they have acquired a new value: they are essentials for the dignity of the human being. Rights representing the protection of man against arbitrary power have been succeeded by rights representing a claim to a genuinely human existence. 122.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“In the face of disputes among States, man, who, both individually and as a member of communities, has now virtually become a subject of international law, is to an increasing extent playing the part of a protagonist of solutions and to a decreasing extent that of a victim. The effort to base justice and the peace of nations on the welfare of man constitutes one of the most urgent and critical tasks of our time. 120. When we consider that barely a century ago there were laws permitting slavery, we realize how slow progress has been towards recognizing the dignity of the human being as such, despite the philosophical and religious principles that had been proclaimed many centuries earlier.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“We believe that the United Nations, acting as it were as a trustee of the destinies of mankind, should consider this question with all due prudence and care. Its task is doubly difficult, not only because it is a question of establishing norms to govern an environment that is new to international law, but also because such norms will affect an extraordinary source of wealth, on which the developing countries are pinning fully justified hopes. 118. In this field the United Nations has an unprecedented opportunity of ensuring that the exploration and exploitation of the sea-bed and ocean floor are reserved exclusively for peaceful purposes, thus preventing them from becoming a subject of conflict among the great Powers, with consequent danger to world peace. 119.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Greater co-operation is, therefore, needed in the creation and adaptation of technological processes that will ensure the maximum utilization of the resources of the developing countries. Unfortunately, the great technological innovations of the past decade have invariably been aimed at economizing on labour. What we in the underdeveloped countries need are innovations which, while enabling us to save capital, also allow us to utilize our labour force to the fullest possible extent. 116. Among the programmes which my Government is following with special interest I must single out the one concerning the peaceful uses of the sea-bed and the ocean floor and the subsoil thereof beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. 117.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“On the other hand, variations in the demand for primary commodities leads to violent fluctuations in export prices and a progressive deterioration in our terms of trade and, consequently, in our import capacity. 114. We ask, therefore, among other things, for compliance with international agreements relating to price stability, for effective functioning of consultation machinery on the rational disposal of surpluses and strategic reserves, and for the implementation of a non-discriminatory and non-reciprocal system of general preferences. 115. Finally, we must point out that the gap between the developed and developing nations is widening with the technological advance being made in the industrialized countries.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“One of the major obstacles to an increase in the third world’s foreign trade is the obvious lack of political will and action to comply with the terms of international agreements. 112. I wish to avail myself of this opportunity in order to stress the need for the industrialized countries to revise their tariff and customs policies so as to eliminate the discriminatory treatment suffered by our manufactures and semi-manufactures, as well as the non-tariff obstacles which hamper the marketing of our basic commodities. When we also consider the policy of encouraging the uneconomic production of items which could not otherwise compete successfully with ours, we find evidence of a serious distortion in international trade. 113.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Yet although the Peruvian revolution intends to create the internal conditions for a self-sustaining development, we believe that, on account of the characteristics of our country and its previous history, foreign trade must be the primary source of the external financial resources we require in order to achieve our objectives, A restructuring and expansion of international trade is therefore essential, since it is inadmissible that at present we should have to export twice as much in order to acquire the same quantity of goods as we were able to purchase in past decades. 111. We find, however, an indifference to this situation on the part of the industrialized world, an indifference which has now become traditional.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Such objectives are consistent with a realistic policy of structural transformation such as that which is being carried out by the Government of Peru, and which supersedes and sets aside the purely economic concept that growth is the first and fundamental step towards development. 110.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“it is ironic to note that, in the final analysis, the so-called under-developed nations are acting as exporters of capital to the regions that are more advanced and have a greater accumulation of wealth, as a result of the servicing of foreign debts and remittances abroad from foreign investments. 108. We recognize the need for the participation of foreign capital; we acknowledge its interest in obtaining reasonable profits and we guarantee the stability of its operations; but an analysis of the methods with which it has been working convinces us of the need to search for new arrangements compatible with local priorities, so that such investments may contribute effectively to the mobilization of internal resources, to the generation of national savings and to an improvement in the technological level of our countries. 109.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“We trust that the proposals on global strategy formulated by the Preparatory Committee for the Second United Nations Development Decade will receive the full support of the more advanced nations, without whose decision to co-operate these proposals will remain a dead letter. 106. In the field of financial co-operation, we find that the developing countries are obtaining external financing under increasingly adverse conditions. This affects their foreign currency reserves, which are needed to maintain an adequate rate of importation of capital goods. An end must, therefore, be put to the "spiral of indebtedness" which militates against our economic growth and any improvement in our levels of living. 107.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“In the second part of this statement, when referring to the bases of Peru’s foreign policy, I spoke of the principles which my country believes should govern relations among States in regard to international co-operation. In the light of the present world picture, the priority purpose of this co-operation is, undoubtedly, to combat under-development, and this has been clearly recognized at meetings at various levels such as those of CECLA, ECLA, IA-ECOSOC and UNIDO, which have all agreed on the need to reshape the present system of economic relations between the industrialized and the developing countries. 105. We must admit, however, that the results at the end of the First United Nations Development Decade are very meagre.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Like all those countries which waged a hard battle for their political independence and whose concept of the world is based on principles of Christian inspirations, Peru rejects any sort of colonialism. It is high time for those Powers, to whose care the administration of Non-Self-Governing Territories was entrusted, to adapt their practice to the mandate from the United Nations, and, respecting the just aspirations of those peoples, their cultural identity and the principle of self-determination, to ensure their social and economic advancement and assist them effectively in learning to govern themselves. Any other interpretation of their mandate is a distortion of the obligation contracted with the world organization, and puts at risk the objectives of peace and security, which we are all concerned with preserving. 104.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“The recent entry into force of the Treaty of Tlatelolco on the denuclearization of Latin America is a new proof given by our countries of their will to co-operate in bringing peace to the world without renouncing their legitimate and urgent aspirations regarding the use of nuclear technology for the benefit of their economic and scientific progress. 102. Other problems involving injustice and increasing danger for States are those relating to their national unity. These problems cannot be postponed indefinitely and suitable procedures must be devised so that peoples which are now divided may achieve their long-desired unification. 103. Finally, in this section on peace, I must refer to the flagrant incongruity of the existence, in these days, of peoples subjected to colonial régimes.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“The world has recently witnessed an example of how the American system, acting with the assurance and speed born of the vitality of its own institutions and buttressed by the moral elements inherent in the peaceful spirit of its peoples, put an end to a sad conflict between two sister nations. 100. Together with the elimination of war as a means of settling disputes, equal importance must be given to the questions of general and complete disarmament, the suspension of nuclear tests, the elimination of chemical and bacteriological weapons, and the allocation of the enormous sums still spent in those fields to other activities such as the use of nuclear energy and outer space for peaceful purposes, matters on which extensive reports have been submitted to the Assembly for consideration. 101.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“In this, as in other fields, compliance with United Nations resolutions is essential, as are also mutual respect among States, the cessation of all hostilities, the search for a peaceful settlement, the abandonment of all expansionist aims or religious wars and the duty to adjust national will to the imperatives of human rights, without which the just and lasting peace we all desire cannot be obtained. 99. In the peaceful settlement of disputes, the experience of the American nations offers unquestionably valuable instances of the effectiveness of the regional agreements provided for in the Charter of the United Nations.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“At the same time, it is necessary to eliminate other factors which darken the world picture and which are the result of present-day antagonisms. Of these, the most distressing are the conflicts that still afflict the peoples of the Far East and Africa. Although these are not on the agenda of the present session of the Assembly, they call for special mention, because they are a stigma on mankind, and the parties concerned must exhaust every possible means of putting an end to the unjust and futile sacrifice of thousands of human lives, which far outweigh in value the interests involved. 98. The situation in the Middle East heads the list of problems submitted for our consideration.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“We share those ideals and we are also convinced of the need to strengthen the authority of the United Nations, whose principles must be observed and whose resolutions must be complied with, since this is the only possible guarantee of world peace and security. 96. But the daily facts of the world in which we live show how naive it would be to expect progress along that road as long as States fail to co-operate effectively in uprooting the very causes of international unrest, that is, the economic and social conditions to which we have so often referred. Unless these conditions are given preferential and adequate attention, political and juridical measures alone will always be insufficient and a makeshift. 97.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“It has been said that, in the long run, peace and and security in the world will be feasible only when all peoples understand that we are members of the same family — that of the human race — and that we must act as such within an order that does not admit of hegemonies or subjugations and far less of injustice, but calls for wide and lasting co-operation in the solution of the problems of all, so that individual efforts will be harmonized, complemented and multiplied in the pursuit of a common objective—the solidarity of all men and the full realization of their aspirations to a worthy, secure and happy life. 95.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“This obviously is not because of any order of priority, but because it was more appropriate to speak first of the internal process taking place in my country and its obvious consequences for foreign policy, so as to facilitate a better understanding of what Peru believes should be done in the matters I propose to discuss now. These matters come under three main headings: peace and world security, international co-operation, and human rights. 94.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Such an attitude is not in keeping with the world today, which is becoming increasingly interdependent as a result of the progress of science, technology and communications. True security, true guarantees of life, liberty and what is usually understood as happiness all call for a far more responsible commitment to the rest of the world: a commitment which means co-operating with others to build new economic and social institutions, new channels for a more just and equitable distribution of wealth and to eradicate injustice, turning an atmosphere of uncertainty into a climate of confidence and stability. 93. I have left to the end of my statement the analysis of my Government’s views on the most important world problems that appear on the Assembly’s agenda.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“The community of nations must strive to achieve international welfare. That calls for a greater interest and a high level of responsibility on the part of the Governments of the wealthier countries in order to improve the lot of less fortunate peoples. The industrialized States must recognize the fact that today poverty in any corner of the world is a threat to their own way of life and that, consequently, their economic and social responsibilities cannot end at their national frontiers. 92. The action of the great countries in regard to human life cannot be limited solely to the formal maintenance of peace and the protection or encouragement of limited national interests—a concept that was stressed by President Nixon the other day.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“89. Only if the international community can understand co-operation in terms of the goals of progress we have indicated and can eliminate from its machinery any instrument of compulsion which vitiates it, will we be able to move forward, developed and developing nations together in the search for better forms of coexistence that will permit both groups to join in building a more just and worthy life. These criteria for international co-operation draw their inspiration from explicit Articles of the Charter of the United Nations and of the revised Charter of the Organization of American States. 90. In all international forums, Peru has strongly upheld the cardinal importance of these principles and proclaimed that only on the basis of respect for them will it be possible to establish true, constructive and lasting co-operation. 91.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“We must point out clearly—and we do so at this Assembly—that we envisage international co-operation as a commitment free from all forms of intervention in the internal or external affairs of other States and from any encroachment on their integrity and the political, economic and cultural elements which constitute it; that we believe rational exploitation of national resources indispensable for the preservation and development of each country; that we cannot accept economic co-operation subject to political or military conditions; that we cannot admit the use or encouragement of measures of economic or political coercion designed to force the sovereign will of States in order to obtain advantages of any sort; and, finally, that we reject the adoption, indeed the very existence, of policies, actions or measures the mere invoking of which might threaten the economic and social development of a country and could lead to covert or open forms of economic aggression.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“The continuous widening of the scientific and technological gap between Latin America and the developed world and the growing imbalance in world trade make it necessary to establish new forms of co-operation aimed at ensuring equal access by all peoples to the benefits of progress, science and technology. The international community has not yet succeeded in devising a system whereby this goal could be reached. On the contrary, a state of affairs has been brought about which, if allowed to persist, could lead only to the frustration of huge masses of human beings and thus engender even greater threats to world peace and security. 88.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Latin America has not escaped this process and has put into operation a number of schemes for regional and sub-regional integration, despite the enormous difficulties due to its geography and its political, economic and social systems. Peru is actively participating in this undertaking, from which we expect effective benefits for the development of the Latin American peoples, for their affirmation of their independence and for their meaningful participation in international relations. 87. But even were the integrationist process which we are witnessing to be successfully completed, it would still not suffice to fulfil Latin America’s aspirations.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“It, therefore, becomes imperative to arrange forms of joint action with a wider perspective, which is inspired in some cases by community of origin with other national entities and which includes the search for economic integration as a means of promoting common interests and effective acceleration of development. This new system, in which individual effort is joined with the concerted efforts of a group of nations, is a response to one of the imperatives of our time, which is the result of increasing interdependence and which leads us to the creation of vast economic regions as an indispensable requirement in order to achieve, at one and at the same time, the progress of each of the components and of the group as a whole. 86.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“We trust that that is how the matter will be understood by the other States of the international community, both by those highly developed nations which have declared their willingness to co-operate with us in our efforts towards progress, and by those in the process of development, and that they will realize what this policy means as a defence of principles and resources which are essential in order to ensure our welfare and advancement. 85. This leads me to my next theme: the concerting of inter-State policies as an instrument of individual and collective progress. Although the primary and fundamental condition for the development of each country must be its own efforts, these are obstructed not only by internal limitations but by the effects of other countries’ activities.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“What we do wish to set up is a more equitable system that would be based on modern scientific and juridical concepts and would be deeply rooted in the social and economic needs of under-developed peoples—a system, in short, that would not be governed by political or military considerations or by powerful economic interests, which largely determined most of the rules of international maritime law in the past. 84.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“It must also be borne in mind that the measures adopted in this matter do not preclude foreign ships from fishing in the region under the jurisdiction of the coastal State, nor in any way limit freedom of navigation on the seas. They merely establish the usual regulations enabling fishing vessels to carry on their activities, without inadmissible depredations, and even to make use of port facilities on the same conditions as national vessels. 83. In claiming for the coastal State the rights of sovereignty, jurisdiction and control over the sea adjacent to its coasts to the extent necessary for the protection of marine resources, we have no intention of creating disorder or anarchy in the oceans, as has sometimes been said.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“The law must always be adapted to reality and if geographical, like economic and social features, differ from one continent to the other and even within the same continent, it is both logical and necessary that the laws regulating them must also differ. 81. There are countries which, in order to exploit the vast wealth of the sea-bed adjacent to their coasts, have also extended their jurisdiction beyond the traditional limits of their territorial waters to the edge of the continental shelf. Surely such a right can hardly be denied to those States whose continental shelf is minimal or almost non-existent but which have the same, if not greater need, to preserve and utilize the living resources of the waters adjacent to their territory. 82.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“We are in duty bound to overcome the disparity between the wealth of our fisheries and the low nutritional level of our people. The nutritional deficit, caused by the lack of other resources, not only makes it difficult to meet the needs of a growing population, but forces us to devote a large portion of the country’s hard-won foreign exchange to imports of consumer goods, with serious detriment to industrial development and the execution of other projects crucial to my country’s social and economic progress. 80. Obviously, Peru does not claim that the norms it has laid down to defend its own marine resources are the same for all States.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“The system subsequently established with other countries of the south-east Pacific in defence of the same principles has been the subject of diverse interpretations which, based as they are on obsolete provisions which have been superseded by scientific progress and by the need to adapt ourselves to history, tend to overlook the rights of coastal States. 78. We must state clearly that these rights stem from the undeniable need of coastal States to ensure the preservation of the marine resources in their coastal waters in order to feed their peoples and to benefit their national economy. This need becomes even more imperative in the case of countries whose precarious economic development and low protein intake obliges them to multiply their efforts to improve the living standards of their people. 79.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Those familiar with the geography of Peru know that its wide desert-like coastal belt is compensated for by the natural fruitfulness and wealth of the sea washing its shores. Over 20 years ago, my country, aware of this natural wealth, whose existence has been scientifically demonstrated and which is peculiar to the Peruvian sea, proclaimed its jurisdiction and sovereignty over the coastal waters to the extent necessary to reserve, protect, preserve and utilize rationally their marine resources.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“The legitimate act of exercise of national sovereignty whereby the Revolutionary Government regained possession of that wealth has caused serious difficulties in our international relations and in the credit policies of some countries and certain bodies, We believe that these incidents reveal a singular lack of, understanding of domestic decisions that come within the law and meet imperative requirements of national sovereignty. Furthermore, we cannot accept the claim to identify the general interest of a State with the private interest of a company. A number of peoples and Governments which have offered us their support have understood our position and I wish to take this opportunity of reiterating to them my country’s profound gratitude for their spontaneous expressions of solidarity. 77.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“The new Government has established permanent missions in the countries of Eastern Europe, convinced that thereby it is serving the cause of peace, co-operation and the universal vocation of this world body. We also believe that on the basis of mutual respect, we shall be able to benefit from the experience and the contributions of those countries, and we shall seek forms of co-operation and exchange that will be of mutual advantage. 76. As I explained when speaking of internal developments in my country, Peru has had to wage a hard battle in defence of the right to enjoy its own natural resources.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“If, on both sides, the conviction gains ground that the struggle, for hegemony is mistaken and futile and that it must give way to competition in favour of development, with sights set on general security and welfare, then we shall be able to realize the most cherished ideal of mankind, namely, one world, one single bloc of nations. 74. The Revolutionary Government of Peru, in its foreign policy, has acted in conformity with the concepts I have outlined, expanding its relations wherever possible, defending its right to development and collaborating with other countries in the process of integration and in the establishment of new forms of international co-operation. 75. One of its first acts was to extend the country’s diplomatic relations to those parts of the world from which, for political or ideological reasons, it was estranged.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“The concepts of welfare, development and security are thus very closely and permanently connected with those of poverty and exploitation, which lie at the very roots of under-developed nations and exacerbate an explosive situation, the ramifications of which I should not wish to dramatize here in strong terms. 73. The antagonism between the two poles of power is as prejudicial to them as it is to the rest of the countries of the world, which are forced to adopt attitudes not always in keeping with their own interests and aspirations. That is why the international community must do all it can to further the healthy and growing trend towards mutual understanding and rapprochement, and the attempts evident today in both systems to appreciate each other’s positive achievements and to collaborate in joint undertakings.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“This seriously impedes any harmonious movement forward towards progress and even jeopardizes international security, since the thwarting of the legitimate aspirations of a developing people must create a dangerous distortion in its thinking. If, for argument’s sake, we take a society like that of Peru as an example, we would have to start from the very simple fact that, as far as it is concerned, only some positive and lasting achievement in the sphere of welfare could justify an effort and give meaning to national security, to say nothing of making it feel that it forms an integral part of a system of collective security at the international level.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Yet we cannot refrain from feeling that there are other factors which single us out from many such countries: our political development over 150 years of independent life; our cultural background, rooted in ancient indigenous civilizations, yet strongly marked, too, by the imprint of Western civilization. 72. Our affinities with the whole of the developing world are identical, and we can therefore expect them to be a new creative dimension in the pursuit of peace and well-being. On the other hand, our links with the sphere of world power in which we move do not always offer the same encouraging perspectives. In that relationship, there are contradictory tendencies at work that hamper, if they do not cancel out, more fruitful possibilities of co-operation.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Within some of these three sectors or on their periphery, there is a large category of nations which, although at different levels, possess the common denominator of under-development and a limited capacity to produce what they need. 71. Like the majority of the countries of Latin America, Peru faces a slow rate of economic and social progress, a dependent economy, backward structures, obstacles to national integration and low educational and technological levels, the effect of all this being aggravated by the urgent needs resulting from very rapid population growth. These facts make us one with the developing world.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“The features and objectives of the process—briefly described above-—through which Peruvian society is at present passing are reflected in the external sphere and correspond to a conception of international society and of the part to be played in it by Peru. 70. The distinguishing feature—we might almost say the phenomenon—that particularly characterizes the world of today, has been the concentration of the power of nations around two poles, each of which is organized within its own system. In addition to these two groups, which constitute vast economic areas and co-ordinated political complexes, there is the group of non-aligned nations, uncommitted to the struggle between the dominant great Powers.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Those of us who have initiated this nationalist revolution will not see the best of its fruits; they will be for future generations. The revolution has no other beneficiary but the people of Peru themselves. It was initiated for them and for them it is being carried through. Our children will inherit a very different and a better country than we received from our forefathers. 68. This is the picture of the Peru of today, a Peru in which the co-ordinates of the revolution lie in the dialectics of development and the humanism of a social democracy and in which our historic destiny is at stake and will be won or lost in the next few years. 69.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“In all this change, the State is playing a dynamic and encouraging role, and for this purpose we have revised its organization so as to give it the necessary capacity and vitality as well as the legal and functional instruments by which to carry out its activities effectively in conjunction with the efforts of groups of businessmen imbued with the same intentions of ensuring development for the national good. 66. All these achievements are being secured without the violence that has usually accompanied such radical changes elsewhere, This bloodless revolution, this profound and peaceful change that is being accomplished in Peru, is an unparalleled experience that fits into none of the patterns, blueprints or models of the past. 67.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Inaccurate reports about this have been circulated which may tend to create an adverse picture both within the country and abroad. It should be made quite clear, as the President of the Republic recently stated, that: “The Revolutionary Government will not turn private undertakings in co-operatives, except in those cases provided for in the recent agrarian reform law. The measures envisaged do not disavow the legitimate rights stemming from ownership of the means of production; on the contrary, they will be devised to encourage investment and industrial modernization and, consequently, to stimulate development.” 65. The reform in regard to business undertakings, therefore, is in no way intended to prejudice the interests of business owners, but to bring them into harmony with those of the workers, strictly within the bounds of justice.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Accordingly, the Government has, with all the desired urgency, adopted measures to ensure the immediate exploitation of these resources in order to correct the huge disparity between the present levels of production and the estimated and known reserves and mining potential of the country. 63. The aforementioned measures in no way alter the policy of the Revolutionary Government to encourage and help investors, from wherever they may come, so long as they are ready to work within the spirit and the letter of the laws of the Republic. In the mining sector we offer investors opportunities which are undoubtedly among the best to be found. 64. I also wish to mention the reform in regard to business undertakings which will be carried out in due course in Peru.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Its repercussions on all aspects of national life will be enormous and it will open the way to social justice by encouraging the emergence and strengthening of middle and proletarian sectors of the population who, with ever increasing awareness of their interests, will provide the leaders which the country needs to consolidate the new ordering of society. 62. Peru has always depended on its mineral wealth and, today, this wealth appears as the one resource whose exploitation is the key to the economic future of the country. The vast mining potential of Peru is, and will be, the basic element in the foreign trade sector of our economy and its development will to a large extent determine the rate of growth of the country.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“In order to achieve the fundamental aim of the Revolutionary Government—that is, to promote higher standards of living, compatible with human dignity, in the less privileged sectors of the population—and to do so in accordance with the recommendations of the Punta del Este Meeting of American Presidents of the Papal Encyclicals and of the United Nations, my country has embarked on a genuine agrarian reform, which has received the unanimous support of our people and the fullest international endorsement. The new law has not only done away with archaic privileges but, by radically changing the traditional structure of the Peruvian system of land tenure, has laid the groundwork for a total economic reconstruction of the country. The agrarian reform constitutes the most complete structural transformation ever undertaken in our country.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“But that system, of which so much could be said by the developing countries, is one which we are putting an end to once and for all, since it bespoke a form of intervention which Peru has always rejected; and we are rejecting it again from this rostrum, since we regard it as not only an attack on the independence of States, but also as totally contrary to the noble principles of the United Nations. 61.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)
“Of course, this is not a system which we ourselves have devised, since it is to be found in almost all countries, but it allows both employees and companies the opportunity of various stages of recourse to the government, as was the case with Peruvian oil, or of a series of applications and appeals to the Peruvian courts. 60. We therefore consider that any measure of pressure or sanction against Peru for defending its public oil heritage and its new energy policy would be tantamount to open intervention and economic aggression in violation of international undertakings which were considered to have replaced the old system of diplomatic protection so abusively used in the past to shield financial interests.”
1969-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 24 (1969)