YouSaid · the spoken record

Skrzeszewski

THE RECORD WRITES THIS SPEAKER AS SKRZESZEWSKI

lines on the record: 140
first: 1952-09-24
most recent: 1954-09-24
sittings or episodes: 2
sources: un-general-debate

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“Furthermore, after dragging a number of countries into direct participation in the military operations, and taking advantage of the armed forces dispatched by those countries while retaining the command of the forces for itself, the United States is persistently seeking to extend the conflict by a variety of measures and to direct it primarily against the People’s Republic of China. 79. The United Nations has not only an opportunity but also a duty to deal with the question of the Korean conflict. It has a duty to secure the cessation of military operations and a peaceful and lasting settlement of the conflict, in the interests of international peace and security. 80. Yet military operations are continuing. American pilots are murdering innocent victims — women, children and the aged — by the thousand.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“For the international situation requires simultaneous action on a whole series of questions; it requires that we jointly consider and resolve the crucial problems of international policy. 78. The most urgent question is the cessation of hostilities in Korea, on land, at sea and in the air. This is the third session of the General Assembly since the United States launched its attack on the Korean people. The United Nations has, alas, allowed itself to be used as an instrument of the aggressive policy of the United States. Having secured the sanction of the United Nations by illegal methods, the United States has declined to permit any steps to be taken to bring the conflict to an end; it even prevented discussion of the Korean question at the sixth session of the General Assembly.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“Korea is for the world a graphic illustration of where the policy of armament and unrestricted expansion, the policy of dominating other peoples, may and does lead. 76. The situation I have just described makes it clear why the basic provisions of the Charter have not yet been realized, why peace has not been soured, It shows why the international situation remain tense, why the danger of a new world war hangs over the world. 77. While the Polish delegation does not underestimate the danger, it also rejects the fatalistic view that war is inevitable. In our opinion, a series of measures is required which, taken as a whole, may contribute to the maintenance of peace and peaceful co-operation.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“And all this takes place notwithstanding the decisions of the Charter, the principle of equal sovereignty of States, the principle of the right of peoples to self-determination and the obligation to observe international agreements. 75. In contravention of these principles, an attack has been made upon the liberty of the Korean people, who have been refused the right of decide their own fate. The United Nations has been used as an instrument of the policy of aggression. Day after day, we permit thousands of human lives and the property of hundreds of thousands of peace-loving human beings, who ask only to, live and work in peace, to be destroyed by barbarous attacks from the air. Korea has become the living symbol of the policy of aggression.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“The attitude of the Polish people is one of sympathy and understanding for the struggle of these peoples to attain their independence. Their right to an independent existence is incontrovertible; they must be given their proper place among the peoples who are fighting for peace. 74. Against the background of United States policy, the origin of present tension, of conflicts, and of the danger of war, becomes quite apparent. It is the aspirations of United States imperialism to world domination, to a new division of the world and to interference in the affairs of other nations against their will, which are the source of conflicts.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“In the plans of the United States, a role similar to that of Western Germany is assigned in the Far East to Japan. Contrary to the interests of the Japanese people, it is on Japanese territory that a base is being established for an attack against the Chinese people, which has already shaken off the chains of oppression and exploitation. But there also conflicts are obviously inevitable. The Japanese people itself have no desire to become the instrument of United States policy and are making increasingly energetic protests against the attempts to prolong United States occupation to all eternity. 73. The peoples of Africa and Asia are also resisting attempts to enslave them and to perpetuate their dependence. The colonial and dependent peoples are striving to secure their full right to self-determination.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“The German people is demanding the unification of the country and the establishment of a democratic government — a fact of which the United States is well aware and which is the reason for the devices and manoeuvres it is employing in order to mislead German opinion. The illegal attempt to make use of the United Nations, and the creation, at the sixth session of the General Assembly [resolution 510 (VI)] of an illegal commission in connexion with the German elections, was an instance of such manoeuvres, as were the ill-judged replies to the constructive USSR proposals for the unification of Germany. At the same time, the United States is doing everything in its power to prevent the unification of Germany and to perpetuate the division of the country. 72.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“Encouraged by the policy of Munich, fascism inflicted the most devastating losses upon us. This is the reason for our protest against the action of the United States Government in reviving the neo-nazi military forces. For this policy is closely bound up with an attack upon our western frontiers, upon the inviolable decisions of Yalta and Potsdam. This is how United States imperialism wishes to “liberate” the Polish people. 71. The policy of the revival of nazism and the militarization of Germany is encountering increasing resistance from the European nations and from the German people itself. The progressive forces in Germany, the same forces which brought about the creation of the German Democratic Republic, are today seeking to bring about a peaceful and democratic Germany.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“Even a publication like the Manchester Guardian recently wrote: “Can one feel any confidence in the belief that a Western Germany, rearmed and powerful, with the Krupp family and their financial empire intact, and half their industrial properties still in their possession, may not again become a rallying-point for unscrupulous elements in German policy and politics?” The Krupp factories are again producing lethal weapons and the sinister shadow of the Wehrmacht looms darker over Europe; it looms over France, Belgium and the Netherlands and the other countries which suffered the brutalities of Nazi occupation. The “famous” Schuman plan is also aimed at these countries, 70. As the representative of Poland, I am particularly entitled to speak on the subject. The nazi aggression against Poland marked the opening of the Second World War.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“69, In pursuit of this policy, the United States is seeking to maintain the division of Germany and to prevent the German people as a whole from becoming a member of the family of peace-loving nations. Washington is imposing a separate treaty on Western Germany, giving orders for the creation of a Bonn army, and appointing as its leaders those who were responsible for the misfortunes and mass murders of the last war. The Western European nations are becoming increasingly aware of the danger which threatens them. More sober views are being expressed with increasing frequency in the Press of every shade.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“68, The Polish people are also aware that a special place has been assigned to Western Germany in the United States policy of aggression. Year after year we have drawn attention to the fact that Western Germany is in process of becoming the arsenal of the policy of war and that the United States is preparing to use it as a base from which to attack the Eastern European countries. The United States has found an ally among the renascent forces of fascism, among the routed generals and among those seeking to revive German imperialism The past year has provided further evidence of this. A neo-nazi army is being established, whose members are to become the shock troops of the so-called European army; this neo-nazi army, according to the Bonn Secretary of State, Mr. Hallstein, is planning expansion as far as the Urals.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“165 by the 82nd Congress, as well as the events of 1952, have confirmed the full extent of United States responsibility for diversionary activities in Eastern European countries. These facts have fully borne out the justice of the indictment brought on the subject at the sixth session. The bombastic statement by Mr. Acheson which we heard yesterday, to the effect that the United States is faithfully observing the principles of the Charter, is incompatible with the practice of United States policy as I have just described it. 67. The attitude of the Polish people towards both the threats and the diversionary activities of the United States Government is one of the most profound contempt and indignation. They will not disturb the calm course of our labours for increased prosperity and a better future for Polish children.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“I cannot refrain from mentioning it, for the threat of the so-called “liberation” is to be effected with the help of napalm bombs, plague and other infamous weapons from the American arsenals. 66. Acts of gross intervention against these peoples have moreover been taking place for some time in the form of the organization of diversionary activities and sabotage, dropping of spies by parachute and the financing of foul crimes, evidence of which is provided by the trials in progress, some of them in Poland. The notorious Public Law No. 165, which was passed by the 82nd Congress of the United States and was discussed at length at the sixth session of the General Assembly of the United Nations, constitutes a public admission of this by the United States. The events preceding the adoption of Law No.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“News & World Report, in its issue of 26 September 1952, attempts to calculate accurately the possibilities of an attack against the Soviet Union launched simultaneously from two directions, that is to say, from United States bases in the North Sea and from United States bases in the Mediterranean. The article is accompanied by a map on which big black arrows indicate the development of the attack and show the towns which the United States would like to sentence to death. The purpose of the armaments is also revealed by presidential candidate General Eisenhower, who announced the co-called “liberation” by arms of the peoples of Eastern Europe and of Asia, the “liberation” of precisely the peoples who are devotedly struggling to promote peace.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“What has increased, on the contrary, are hysteria and fear in the United States itself. American war propaganda has returned like a boomerang to the mind of the American people itself, 65. The United States does not hesitate to use another weapon of mass destruction: I refer to the terrible bacterial weapon, which it has used in Korea in spite of the existing prohibitions, and in spite of the indignation expressed by world public opinion. It is a fact that this weapon figures largely in the United States armaments programme. This shows still more clearly the danger of American armaments to mankind. These weapons and these armaments are intended for aggression, and neither the Press nor the American politicians can conceal that fact. Thus, for example, the U. S.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“American armaments, which absorb an enormous proportion of the budget of the United States, include all types of weapons, even those which have been condemned by mankind and prohibited by international agreements. Obsessed with the desire to dominate the World, the United States is prepared — as the experience of Nagasaki and Hiroshima, as well as of the Korean war, has shown — to use all the most inhuman and savage methods, without regard for what happens to the countries which are the victims of its aggression or even to its closest allies. Blackmail by threat of the atomic bomb has become one of the essential methods of United States foreign policy. All the indications are, however, that the free nations against which the threats of these gentlemen from the Pentagon are chiefly brandished, have not let themselves be intimidated.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“This aggressiveness is revealed if only by the fact that the war-mongers in the United States, just like the governments which place their own territories under foreign occupation, are attempting to conceal what they are doing from their own people. In the opinion of the Pentagon, the secrecy of the agreements presents additional advantages. Indeed, according to the Chicago Tribune of IS July 1952, one of the high officials of the Pentagon cynically declared that “secret agreements can be arranged more quickly and satisfactorily because secrecy permits us to use diplomacy, cajolery, or other tactics which do not work as well out in the open”, 64.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“On several occasions, and particularly at the last session of the General Assembly, we have asked that steps should be taken to check the growing armaments race. The opponents of those proposals sought to justify their attitude by the alleged requirements of national defence. Every year brings further proof that the war preparations of the Atlantic bloc are not intended for defence, but, on the contrary, for aggression against the countries which are planning their future by peaceful labour. This is confirmed by the establishment of more and more United States bases in all parts of the world, in Europe, in the Near East, and in the areas of the Pacific, thousands of miles from the coasts of the United States, a circumstance which clearly indicates their aggressive nature. 63.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“increases in the industries supplying defence programmes being ... still in insufficient to offset declines in the activity of those producing… consumer goods both for home and export markets.” 61. The growing economic crisis is the cause of the ceaseless conflicts which reflect the internal contradictions in the capitalist world. The struggle between the competitors on the capitalist world market is becoming increasingly acute. Germany and Japan are pressing ever harder to dislodge the United Kingdom and France from their positions; and meanwhile the American monopolies, while seeking to secure advantageous markets to the detriment of national production, are making it increasingly difficult for those countries to obtain access to the American markets. 62.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“The United States is destroying multilateral economic ties and substituting for them agreements concluded by those countries with the United States to their own disadvantage, By forcing the countries of Western Europe, in spite of their vital interests, to break the economic ties with the peoples' democracies — traditional ties, without which the economy of Western Europe cannot grow — the United States is making the countries of Western Europe still more dependent on the American market, It is lowering the standard of living of their peoples and causing an increase in unemployment. The most recent quarterly bulletin of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe gives the following appraisal of the situation in Western Europe: “Industrial employment and production as a whole . . . fell . . .”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“Thus the experience of the development of the American economy after the Second World War proves, as the experience of the Hitlerite economy also proved in its time, that the growth of armaments production not only fails to banish the spectre of crisis, but that it is, on the contrary, the source of increasing difficulties and constitutes the reason why “a downturn in business activity is considered to be inevitable”, as the US. News & World Report said on 10 October 1952. 60. The countries of Western Europe have already been very severely affected by the militarization of their economic life. The United States is disorganizing their economy and exploiting their enfeeblement to conquer a considerable part of the capitalist world market.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“Even the most optimistic experts in the United States are obliged to admit that the economic policy of that country, which is now based on the production of armaments, cannot prevent the approaching crisis. United States politicians admit that the Korean war has made the present situation possible. Analysing the present situation of the United States, which is characterized by a war economy, Mr. Leo M. Cherne, Executive Secretary of the Research Institute of America, states that economic circles now have “no more than a year in which to prepare for a recession that may be deeper and longer-lasting than any interval of difficulty since the thirties”.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“It is obvious that such a rate of expenditure on armaments must have disastrous repercussions on the economic situation of these countries as well as on that of the countries economically dependent upon them. The militarization of the economy results in a decline in the production of normal consumer goods and the unilateral development of war production. This has a catastrophic effect on the economic situation of all the economically backward countries, which are exploited as sources of raw materials and thus have to bear the shocks of the violent price fluctuations on the international markets. 59. The capitalist world is therefore faced with growing economic difficulties.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“In the light of this situation, how false and hypocritical seems the statement Mr, Acheson made yesterday [380th meeting] ! The facts belie his words. 58. Today, the war preparations undertaken by the United States are swallowing up enormous wealth in both material and manpower. The United States is spending more than 74 per cent of its national budget on armaments. The effect of United States pressure is. to make the countries of Western Europe totter under the burden of war expenditures which exceed their material resources, Thus, for example, the military budget of the United Kingdom exceeds £1,500 million. France is spending 1,400 thousand million francs a year on armaments.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“To seek world domination and the enslavement of other peoples — that is the aim of United States policy. This policy is carried out by ceaselessly poisoning peaceful relations among States, creating centres of aggression and provoking grounds for disputes to be submitted to the United Nations. Diversionary activity has become a favourite weapon, and a constant method. The particular symptoms and results of such a policy are as follows: transition c4 the capitalist countries to a war economy under the pressure 131 the United States, economic discrimination, the armaments race, violation of the principles of international law and of international agreements, organization of aggressive blocs, remilitarization of Germany and Japan, atomic blackmail, and, lastly, the aggression in Korea.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“In order to justify this policy, the United States invokes the pretext of the alleged danger from the so-called Soviet bloc, and the danger of aggression which is said to be threatening the United States, and this in spite of the facts, which prove that it is precisely the States where the people have assumed power which are constructing new regimes and remain in the forefront of the struggle for peace; which have prohibited war propaganda by law; which are engaged in peaceful construction on an enormous scale; which, at the international level, respect the agreements they have concluded ; which are indefatigable in their efforts to promote peace; and which entertain no feeling of enmity towards either the American people or other peoples. 57.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“The special role assigned to Yugoslavia is to provoke frontier incidents and to assist subserviently in the organization of an aggressive wing of the Atlantic bloc in the Balkans. In the Near and Middle East, the United States is endeavouring to bring the peoples under its domination by exerting political and economic pressure on them and by attempting to engineer an aggressive pact for the Near and Middle East. In the Far East, the United States is waging war in Korea, seeking to extend the war to China and to conclude a Pacific pact, remilitarizing Japan. 56.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“Byrnes, the than United States Secretary of State, who was present at the conference, gave General Arnold the following idea of United States foreign policy: “what we must do now is not to make the world safe for democracy, but to make the world safe for the United States”. 55. That is the goal which United States policy has pursued during the past seven years. Each year has brought fresh proof of its hostility to peace. This policy is expressed in the United States attitude to the countries of Western Europe, in the Truman doctrine, the Marshall plan, the North Atlantic Treaty and the remilitarization of Western Germany. In the Balkans, the United States is using the docile Belgrade regime as a basis for operations directed primarily against the immediate neighbours of Yugoslavia.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“In illustration of this, it should be recalled that consultations between British and United States military leaders to draw up the strategy of the future war were held as early as the Potsdam Conference. For confirmation, one need only refer to the memoirs of General Arnold, Chief of the United States Air Force, in his book, Global Mission, wherein he describes his conversations with Marshal of the Royal Air Force Portal, then Chief of the British Air Staff. They reached the conclusion that “to use our strategic air power successfully, we must have bases so located round the world that we can reach any target we may be called upon to hit”. Mr.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“The world peace movement demonstrates the possibilities of co-operation among and co-existence of nations. 53. How, then, has it come about that, despite the peoples’ profound desire for peace and despite a peace policy pursued by the States in the camp of progress, the international situation remains tense? What are the reasons for the grave danger which threatens the cause of peace? 54. The answer is to be found in the policy of certain States, and especially in that of the United States Government. Without even awaiting the end of hostilities in the Second World War, the United States was heading for a third world war, for which it is now preparing.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“Everywhere, even in the report submitted by the Secretariat to the present session, it has had to be acknowledged that the nations no longer regard the United Nations as "the sole or even the main instrument for the preservation of peace at present’’. 51. The United Nations has not been able to stop the armaments race, to remove international tension and to protect mankind against the nightmare of the possible use of weapons of mass destruction; it has not as yet succeeded in bringing about the cessation of hostilities in Korea. 52. The fact remains, however, that the peoples of the world desire peace. The world-wide movement of the partisans of peace has become a powerful force uniting masses of people of differing views in a common effort to prevent a new war.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“We are scrupulously observing our international commitments, which include economic commitments, and we are abiding strictly by the provisions of the Charter, since we have always believed, and still believe, that the United Nations can and must remain an instrument for the safeguarding of peace. That is why, speaking from this rostrum on behalf of the Polish Government, I am fully entitled to assert that Poland has done everything possible to enable the United Nations to carry out its appointed tasks. 50. Nevertheless, despite the efforts of the Soviet Union and the other States in the peace camp, the United Nations has not as yet fulfilled the hopes inspired by its establishment.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“All our attainments, our achievements in carrying out our economic plans, testify to the moral and political unity of our people. Our successes are also due to the great and unselfish assistance which the People’s Republic has received and is receiving on a very large scale from the USSR, They are the fruit of a new type of economic co-operation among the countries in the peace camp, based on the principle of mutual assistance, equality and trust. 49. On the international level, we are concluding treaties and agreements which express our desire for peaceful collaboration.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“Systematically, and at an ever-increasing rate, we are remedying the backward state of our economy. Poland is becoming a country of high technological achievement, with a modern industry and agriculture; Our output today is three times what it was before the war; now, in 1952, it is 310 per cent of what it was in 1938 and its per capita value is now four times as great. 46. In the eight years of the people’s democratic, regime, we have published 500 million books, 100 million more than pre-war Poland published in twenty years. Three times as many pupils are attending school as before the war, and there has been a fourfold increase in the number of vocational schools. In 1951, we built 100,000 housing units. 47. We have, once and for all, removed the scourge of unemployment, both in the towns and in the country. 48.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“For Poland, 1952 has been another year of achievement in the fulfilment of our great programme of peaceful construction, our six-year plan. We have made further progress in our industrial and agricultural development, in transportation, culture, education and health protection. We are investing ever larger sums in the construction of new factories and in the expansion and modernization of existing industrial establishments. The People’s Republic is giving ever greater protection to agriculture. Expenditure on the development of social insurance and schools is constantly increasing and budgetary appropriations for public health, maternity and child welfare and the construction of new hospitals, sanatoria and rest homes are growing steadily larger. 45.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“Ours is a country which has known dreadful suffering. We are a nation which has achieved a people’s democratic regime and is advancing towards a better and a happier future. When the new State of Poland was established in 1944, our country was ruined and impoverished; its situation then was far worse than it had been in 1939, when we were one of the poor and backward countries of Europe. In these last seven years, the People’s Republic has restored an enormous mass of ruins, its economy is serving the interests of the people and it is carrying out a second long-range economic programme. We are building factories, and new towns and cities; we are building a Hew Warsaw, with fine new districts which serve as symbols of our peaceful and creative effort. 44.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“We see that the policy of the USSR accords with the principles of the Charter and is a true peace policy. 42. Other countries in the camp of progress are also defending the principles of the Charter. The People’s Republic of China, another great Power and one of the founders of our Organization, having cast off the yoke of foreign exploitation and of a corrupt government, has joined the ranks of the States which are still loyal to the cause of peace. It defends the principles embodied in the decisions of the Charter. Unfortunately, and contrary to all principles and to law, the People’s Republic of China is being refused its place in the United Nations by the very parties whose activities are in glaring contradiction with the purposes of our Organization. 43. Poland, too, is indomitably defending the principles of the Charter.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“In accordance with Article 1, paragraph 2, of the Charter, these governments are making every effort "to develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for file principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace", 41. I have primarily in mind the USSR and its peace policy, a policy symbolized by the peaceful construction proceeding in that country and by the proposals for the maintenance of peace and for peaceful co-operation among nations which are submitted tirelessly both in the United Nations and elsewhere. We are compelled to acknowledge that it is the Soviet Union which has respected and respects the principles of the observance of international treaties and loyalty to international commitments freely assumed.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“The United Nations Charter thus became one of the important international documents of the post-war period. It became a document which should have been respected and given effective application. 40. When we meet each year at the sessions of the General Assembly, we take stock of the period which has elapsed and express our views on the current situation. Today, more than seven years after the establishment of the United Nations, we are forced to conclude that not all Members have remained faithful to the provisions of the Charter, Only a few of the governments which represent the true will of their peoples are stubbornly following the path indicated by the Charter. Their policy is still a policy of peace.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)
“When, after a bloody and heroic struggle against fascism, the nations of the world decided to maintain peace by a common endeavour and to prevent the outbreak of a new war, they established the United Nations for that purpose. Under the provisions of the Charter, the purposes of the United Nations were to achieve international co-operation, to develop friendly relations among nations, to remove threats to the peace and to suppress acts of aggression wherever they occurred. We all remember how the peoples welcomed the establishment of the United Nations seven years ago, and how they founded their hopes of a lasting peace on it after the terrible years of the last war. 39. The governments of the States that joined the United Nations affixed their signatures to the Charter, thereby undertaking formally and solemnly to observe its provisions.”
1952-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 7 (1952)