YouSaid · the spoken record

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9
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2022-10-06
most recent
2022-10-06
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1
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un-security-council

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  1. “If the implementation of the measures does not lead to a corresponding increase in revenue in a given area, then something is probably not working properly. The measures are probably less effective than they appear. Concerted action by States is therefore essential to successfully combating the financing of non-State and terrorist armed groups through the illicit trafficking in natural resources. Holding this debate is clearly a sign that the Security Council is seized of this matter.”

    2022-10-06 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/PV.9147 (2022) · source

  2. “Due diligence processes, such as those of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the Kimberley Process, have significantly evolved, transformed and adapted. For example, instead of embargoing entire countries, thereby depriving States of vital tax revenue, it has now been realized that embargo regimes on natural resources should be applied selectively. Their application should take into account developments on the ground, in particular expanding State authority. It follows from what I just said that one of the key indicators for verifying which measures are being taken in combating the financing of non-State and terrorist groups is their impact on a country’s tax revenue.”

    2022-10-06 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/PV.9147 (2022) · source

  3. “United Nations resolutions now recognize that criminal networks clearly exist within the administrations and armed forces of countries affected by illicit trafficking in natural resources. In many African countries, a combination of adverse factors often contributes to the formation of criminal networks within the armed forces, which are often the ones whose task it is to fight against non-State and terrorist groups. That therefore often results in competition between the armed forces and the non-State armed groups. Representatives will agree that the presence of those criminal networks is likely to prolong the scourge. Lastly, on improving due diligence processes, regional organizations have developed highly sophisticated certification processes.”

    2022-10-06 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/PV.9147 (2022) · source

  4. “Thanks to the investigative work of expert groups, many channels were uncovered, and their actors exposed. But sanctions regimes would probably benefit from being modernized and made more sophisticated. I will give just one example from recent experience to illustrate that. Assets freezes and travel bans are among the most-used tools of sanctions regimes. The ability of some actors to circumvent them should prompt new measures targeting not only individuals, but probably also networks of actors or individuals that facilitate trafficking in natural resources in different conflicts. But — and this is the second step — criminal networks within administrations and often armed forces must also be broken up.”

    2022-10-06 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/PV.9147 (2022) · source

  5. “They can be refined, adjusted and better adapted to changing contexts. But they certainly exist in the form of various United Nations resolutions, African Union and regional economic community protocols and various bilateral treaties between countries. I will end with some courses of action. That leads me to share the courses of action that I think would be useful in order to strengthen the fight against the financing of non-State armed groups through the trafficking in natural resources. The first, which was mentioned by some speakers, is to modernize sanctions regimes. It is common to criticize sanctions regimes today, but it should be noted that various United Nations sanctions regimes have greatly helped to improve understanding of the nature of non-State armed and terrorist groups and their financing and operating methods.”

    2022-10-06 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/PV.9147 (2022) · source

  6. “Thanks to the work of many specialized organizations, including the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, represented here, and research centres around the world, regional and international organizations have taken an increasing number of measures to combat the trafficking in natural resources by armed and terrorist groups. However, to be effective, those tools need at least two things: increased State capacity — administrative, security and judicial — and international cooperation, particularly given the often-transnational nature of the organized crime that underpins the commercial activities of armed and terrorist groups. Individual State action is necessary, but not sufficient. What we are facing is more a crisis of inaction than a crisis of tools and other countering means, for the tools exist.”

    2022-10-06 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/PV.9147 (2022) · source

  7. “Natural resources are only one dimension of that trafficking, which includes human beings and cultural and monetary items, as well as drugs. Numerous examples in the Sahel illustrate how violent extremist groups exploit transnational criminal networks and local conflicts to finance their activities and establish themselves in areas. In the Central African Republic, some non-State armed groups manage to generate millions of dollars a year just by taxing transhumance, or livestock migration, routes. The second point that I would like to make is about the often little-used tools at our disposal.”

    2022-10-06 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/PV.9147 (2022) · source

  8. “With regard to the different situations and the various armed groups and terrorists, the current understanding of the nature of armed groups operating in crisis theatres across Africa suggests that the contexts are very diverse. From the Sahel to the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo and the borders of Somalia, non-State armed and terrorist groups vary in structure, modus operandi and composition. Such diverse situations remind us of the need to avoid generalization in the kind of response needed to strengthen the fight against the income-generating activities of armed groups. While there is reason to focus on the trafficking in natural resources, it is particularly important to emphasize that it is the existence of trafficking in general that must be addressed.”

    2022-10-06 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/PV.9147 (2022) · source

  9. “I would first like to thank the Gabonese presidency of the Security Council for having invited me to this debate. At the same time, I would like to thank the Permanent Representation of the International Organization of la Francophonie for involving the Boutros-Ghali Peacekeeping Observatory in this discussion. Given the time constraints, I would like to focus my briefing on three main areas. The first is the complex nature of illicit trafficking by non-State and terrorist armed groups. I will then briefly touch on the many tools available to us, the international community. I will finish with some courses of action.”

    2022-10-06 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/PV.9147 (2022) · source