YouSaid · the spoken record

Manuel Rodríguez Cuadros

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12
first
2021-10-15
most recent
2021-10-15
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1
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un-security-council

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  1. The path that history is showing us in that regard is not one of cultural, ethnic or linguistic exclusion, or exclusion from certain rights, but of painstakingly built social cohesion, starting from the local level of rural and urban populations and going up to the regional level and the national level of the State itself. It is the sum total of internal situations of peace based on social cohesion; non-exclusion is and will remain a major guarantee for world peace.

    2021-10-15 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/2021/868 (2021) · source

  2. Incidentally, all of this must be done with a focus on human rights, combining respect for diversity and for specific national and local characteristics with respect for human rights, while the State effectively fulfils its duty to act as a guarantor. To build realistic world peace, it is not enough to eliminate hotspots of international conflict through successful negotiations or effective preventive action. World peace must also be built by eliminating conflicts and active or passive violence within each country, each State.

    2021-10-15 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/2021/868 (2021) · source

  3. This implies giving priority to a social agenda and to respect for others. Eradicating the language of hate. In international relations and in domestic politics. State-building requires respect for diversity and inclusion of all the sectors that make up a society. Including, as a priority, vulnerable populations. This is, no doubt, a complex and multidimensional process that must be adapted to the particular features of every situation, taking into account specific ethnic, cultural and religious aspects, differences in world view, political and philosophical affiliations, and differences in standing between the various social sectors within national, regional and local socioeconomic structures. It is about decentralized inclusive policies to affirm social and national cohesion through diversity.

    2021-10-15 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/2021/868 (2021) · source

  4. It is also political. And it is a matter of power structures. All social sectors must be given access to national governance. The political participation of vulnerable sectors must grow, particularly for women and poor people. A new type of governance must be embraced in which government and opposition, the executive and the legislature do not assume an a priori mindset of confrontation and zero-sum politics, which is the fastest route to political breakdown, a weaker democracy and rising social conflict. A vision of human rights as they relate to governance is one in which government and opposition, each from their own perspectives, open themselves up to dialogue, understanding and mutu al concessions so as to launch and implement an inclusive agenda. Far from undermining social cohesion, it strengthens and asserts it instead.

    2021-10-15 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/2021/868 (2021) · source

  5. That reality poses a threat to peace and complicates peace, because it erodes social cohesion. The danger that we face – hence the relevance of the initiative taken by the President of the Security Council, Martin Kimani – is that the consequences of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which are yet to emerge in full, suggest that, in many developing societies, but also in the industrialized world, social cohesion has broken down or has been weakened in the extreme, or is showing cracks, which makes social conflict more likely. Hence also the relevance of the Secretary-General’s proposal to create a new agenda for global governance underpinned by a new social pact. Not only must that pact be international in nature, it must be a priority for political action within States. This is not merely an economic and social task.

    2021-10-15 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/2021/868 (2021) · source

  6. Internal social peace needs reasonably equitable societies in which all sectors of the population feel respected, taken into account and included by those in political power and by the market. At the same time, that realistic and transformational vision includes priorities already established in the consensus set out in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It cannot be that in today’s digital world, in which humanity has created more wealth than ever before in history, millions upon millions of people suffer from chronic hunger, have no access to health care, education or housing, face a lack of respect for their specific cultural features in a wider context of respect for human rights, and lack access to a State that guarantees their freedom and well-being.

    2021-10-15 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/2021/868 (2021) · source

  7. It is built in States and in societies whose various societal, ethnic or pluricultural components are adequately represented and have satisfactory access to power and the use of power and, in particular, are adequately served by the distribution of income and have their needs fulfilled adequately. History shows that tolerant societies in inclusive States with a high degree of social coherence are less likely to see internal or external violence. It is not a matter of creating idyllic or utopian societies that would be the epitome of what Immanuel Kant described in Project for a Perpetual Peace. It is rather a matter of realistic possibilities tested by history.

    2021-10-15 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/2021/868 (2021) · source

  8. Their approach to peace is rooted in respect for human rights. As Jean-Paul Sartre once said, if human rights were to be summed up in one sentence, it would be “respect for others”. Those others are not just individuals, but social groups, local societies, ethnic groups, culturally varied social collectives, and vulnerable groups, including women and girls, poor people and people who are being excluded or who are the victims of racism and xenophobia. Respect for others is the essence of peace. Violence and war, on the other hand, are extreme expressions of disdain, hatred and intolerance towards others. In itself, peace is an inclusive concept.

    2021-10-15 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/2021/868 (2021) · source

  9. A responsible vision aimed at building and sustaining peace in a world that is plagued more often than not by uncertainty requires thinking about and focusing on the causes of internal conflict and the economic, social, political, cultural and humanitarian conditions that lead to a breakdown of the social contract, which, in turn, tends to lead to a breakdown in social, local, regional and national cohesion, all of which breeds conditions for conflict and the use of force. National societies in which respect for the ethnic, cultural and linguistic diversity of their populations prevails, in which the social contract is geared towards the fulfilment of everyone’s aspirations in all their diversity without excluding anyone, are a reliable guarantee for international peace and security.

    2021-10-15 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/2021/868 (2021) · source

  10. One undeniable trend is the sharp increase in the number of non‑State armed groups at the heart of these conflicts. Rebels, insurgents, militias, criminal gangs, and armed trafficking, terrorist and extremist groups. Many coalesce around joint identities or shared beliefs. Others are opportunistic, driven by the profits of crime or the promise of power. We’re seeing also a rise in military coups … as the joint United Nations‑World Bank study Pathways for Peace found”.

    2021-10-15 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/2021/868 (2021) · source

  11. The value of the initiative lies in the fact that it establishes a link between the processes underlying cohesion and peace within States – which are a function of their social, ethnic and cultural structure and diversity – and international peace and security. A large proportion of the conflicts in the present transitional international system either have internal causes or are direct confrontations, wars or situations of violence within States that, because of their seriousness and the external linkages of the States concerned, impact and undermine international peace and security. Because of those conflicts, the State is no longer the only key player. As the Secretary-General has pointed out: Each week, this chamber echoes with updates on the grinding conflicts that scar our world and their devastating humanitarian toll.

    2021-10-15 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/2021/868 (2021) · source

  12. As the Secretary-General, António Guterres, and the former President of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki, have done before me, I would like to thank you for having introduced into the debate of the Security Council a fresh perspective on crucial issues related to international peace and security, one that is fundamental, timely and pressing, on the topic of diversity, State-building and the search for peace. The initiative is very valuable; I am convinced that the debate to which it should give rise will have a very positive effect on the search for new ways to fulfil our common task of preserving peace where it exists, and restoring it where it has broken down.

    2021-10-15 · UN Security Council · Security Council, S/2021/868 (2021) · source