Jeffrey Siow
Singapore
“These solutions have been installed for the Bukit Panjang LRT in 2023, and for the Sengkang-Punggol LRT in 2024. While physical and technological constraints have prevented the installation of platform screen doors at LRT stations thus far, this incident reminds us that we must never stop looking for better solutions.”
“The point-to-point transport sector in Singapore is market-based, which allows the needs of both commuters and drivers to be met. We have no plans to regulate ride-hail platform commission rates or passenger fares.”
“The amended route for Service 965 was designed to bring residents closer to amenities near Sengkang town centre, including schools, Sengkang General Hospital and the Sengkang Community Hub, compared to the alternative of routing through Compassvale Road.”
“The Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Health (MOH) work closely together on transport options for healthcare needs. Our public transport network is barrier-free and wheelchair accessible. Taxis must accommodate foldable wheelchairs.”
“The Land Transport Authority (LTA) is the primary agency responsible for enforcing Active Mobility Act (AMA) offences on public paths, which comprise footpaths, shared paths and pedestrian-only paths. National Parks Board (NParks) officers are authorised by LTA to enforce AMA offences within NParks-managed parks and park connectors.”
“As earlier announced, the new bus stops, overhead bridges and lifts along the Tampines Expressway (TPE) will be completed between 2030 and 2032. Once works are completed, more residents in the northern parts of Rivervale estate will be within a 10-minute walk from a bus stop along TPE.”
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“As of March 2026, 139 Housing and Development Board (HDB) carparks (7% of the total) lack electric vehicle (EV) chargers due to technical constraints, like insufficient power or community requests to delay installation. EV owners who use these carparks can transfer their season parking to nearby HDB carparks with EV chargers at the same season parking rate. We have deployed around 30,500 charging points and are on track to meet our target of 60,000 charging points by 2030. The public can track the rollout of EV chargers online through the Land Transport Authority's DataMall, which is updated every month.”
“While the Government does not intervene in pricing set by electric vehicle (EV) Charging Operators (EVCOs), we ensure users have multiple options from a range of EVCOs, where feasible. For instance, TD116, the first large-scale tender for the supply of EV chargers in the Housing and Development Board (HDB) carparks, selects two EVCOs to deploy and operate EV chargers in HDB carparks in each region. After the award of tenders, we expect EVCOs to be transparent in publishing prices as a means of keeping charging competitive.”
“The Singapore Standard SS 722 took effect on 1 April 2026 to support the continued expansion of Singapore's electric vehicle (EV) charging network. It sets out safety and cybersecurity requirements for charging technologies. Approval processes for charging technologies can therefore be streamlined, and the design and installation of EV chargers can be sped up. These requirements also improve the reliability of EV chargers and reduce maintenance downtime. A transition period of two and a half years is in place ahead of mandatory compliance for new chargers from 1 October 2028, including for new estates.”
“The ERP 2.0 system is designed primarily for payment and charges. The On-Board Unit also supports road safety by providing real-time traffic updates and situational alerts, including notifications for School Zones and Silver Zones. ERP 2.0 can also be used for enforcement, including for traffic offences like speeding, but further enhancements will be needed. The Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Home Affairs are studying the implementation details.”
“International standards for measuring and verifying the accuracy of electric vehicle charging are currently under development, which we will study when they are ready.”
“The Land Transport Authority received about 59,000 traffic-related reports via OneMotoring Website under Report Vehicle-Related Offences from January 2025 to March 2026. Illegal parking and bus lane offences were most commonly reported. About half of the reports resulted in the issuance of traffic offence notices.”
“This is a bilateral matter between Indonesia and the United States.”
“Bus stops are generally provided within 400 metres of the Housing and Development Board estates to provide connectivity to transport nodes and amenities. Joo Seng residents can access Services 100, 135 and 155 from bus stops along Upper Aljunied Road, to connect to Mass Rapid Transit stations and amenities. The Land Transport Authority will study options to improve connectivity for residents who live more than 400 metres away from their nearest bus stop, including future autonomous vehicle services.”
“In 2025, the proportion of total bids submitted by the top 10 dealers across all exercises for each Certificate of Entitlement category is provided in Table 1.”
“In 2025, 28% of all bids were revised during the bidding window, of which the vast majority were bids submitted by motor dealers.”
“Vehicle sales, including car sales packages with Certificate of Entitlement, are private commercial arrangements between buyers and sellers. The Ministry of Transport does not have the information requested by the Member.”
“From 2021 to 2025, the proportion of all bids and all successful bids submitted by motor dealers for each Certificate of Entitlement category are provided in Table 1. The Land Transport Authority does not track the number of unique bidders in each exercise.”
“For children born to fathers who were in the 41st to 80th percentile of earners, the share of children in each income quintile has remained broadly stable across cohorts. See Chart 1 for more details. Methodological notes can be found in Chart 17 of the Ministry of Finance’s Occasional Paper1 on Income Growth, Inequality and Social Mobility Trends in Singapore. We will continue to monitor social mobility trends and review our policies to ensure they remain effective in supporting Singaporeans across all income groups.”
“Complaints on loud music by active mobility users on public paths and roads are not specifically tracked. The Land Transport Authority conducts public education campaigns, community engagement programmes and works with active mobility community ambassadors to educate users on proper path etiquette. All path users are encouraged to be considerate and gracious to others.”
“Since January 2023, the Land Transport Authority has worked with major e-commerce platforms, like Carousell, Lazada and Shopee, to take down around 200 listings of non-compliant devices and illegal modification services. Earlier this year, an individual was caught publicising illegal device modification services online and is currently under investigation. We are studying how to further tighten legislation to deter illegal modification, including on the sale of components.”
“Since 2023, there were an average of 51 severe accidents per year attributed to bus captains aged 50 and younger; 27 attributed to bus captains aged between 51 to 60; 20 attributed to bus captains aged between 61 to 70; and three attributed to bus captains aged 71 and older. Accounting for the number of bus captains in each age band, bus captains aged 61 and above are more likely to be involved in severe accidents, even though the difference is relatively small in absolute terms. Medical assessments are required for bus captains aged 50 and above during their vocational licence renewals, to ensure that they are medically fit to drive. Initiatives recommended by the Bus Safety Tripartite Taskforce are also being implemented to improve bus safety, such as the use of more technological tools, like 360-degree cameras, and reducing continuous driving time.”
“The Code of Practice mandates all contractors to deploy qualified personnel to ensure the appropriate placement of barriers and advance warning signs for works. The Land Transport Authority (LTA) conducts regular checks and contractors who do not adhere to the guidelines will be penalised. On average, about 130 enforcement actions were taken against contractors annually over the past three years. Members of the public may report instances of non-compliance through feedback channels, including the LTA website and the OneService application.”
“Across the network, retail occupancy rates and advertising revenue in MRT stations fell during the COVID-19 pandemic but have since exceeded pre-pandemic levels. As part of the transition to the New Rail Financing Framework, rail operators were issued fixed-term licences. It is the responsibility of the rail operator to anticipate any issues with sustaining occupancy and ensure that commercial spaces are properly utilised. The Land Transport Authority will provide flexibility to the operators on arrangements to utilise commercial spaces closer to the end of their licences, including agreements beyond the licence period.”
“The average utilisation rate of EV chargers across all Housing and Development Board car parks during the three-hour peak of each car park is 36% in February 2026. Tengah has the highest peak utilisation rate, at 61%. Utilisation and charging behaviour vary across car parks and with charger power ratings. Besides utilisation and availability of electrical capacity, availability of parking lots and nearby charging options are also considered when determining installation plans.”
“The Government regularly reviews the personal income tax system so that it remains progressive, keeping the overall tax burden low for middle- and lower-income earners. The earned income relief has been enhanced over the years. In addition to the base tier of $1,000, we have introduced higher relief tiers ranging from $4,000 to $12,000 for older workers and persons with disabilities. The earned income relief should also be seen together with other tax reliefs and exemptions, such as the personal income tax exemption threshold of $20,000. Taken together, one in three resident workers do not pay any personal income tax today. Among those who do, about eight in 10 have an effective tax rate of less than 6%.”
“With the introduction of an energy index into the fare adjustment formula, the rail operators no longer need the Fuel Equalisation Fund to help them mitigate the impact of energy cost fluctuations. The energy index tracks the year-on-year changes in diesel and electricity prices and will account for the rising energy cost that rail operators face when public transport fares are reviewed during the annual Fare Review Exercise. For bus operators, the service fees that they receive are indexed to energy prices. In considering the fare adjustment, the Public Transport Council (PTC) will balance fare affordability concerns with financial sustainability of the public transport operators and exercise discretion to defer part of the maximum allowable fare adjustment to ensure that any fare adjustment is manageable. During the 2025 Fare Review Exercise, the Government provided over $200 million in subsidy to cover the cost of the PTC deferring part of the maximum allowable fare increase. The Government also provides more than $2 billion in subsidies annually to keep bus and train services running.”
“This question was addressed by the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry, the Acting Minister for Transport and Senior Minister of State for Finance and the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs, in their Ministerial Statements on the Impact of the Middle East Situation on Singapore at the Parliamentary Sitting on 7 April 2026. [Please refer to "Impact of the Middle East Situation on Singapore", Official Report, 7 April 2026, Vol 96, Issue 27, Ministerial Statements section.]”
“The traffic volume data does not distinguish between local and foreign-registered vehicles. Currently, when using Electronic Road Pricing (ERP)-priced roads during ERP operational hours, foreign-registered vehicles with the In-Vehicle Unit (IU) pay ERP charges while foreign cars without an IU pay a $5 daily flat fee. While we do not consider this split in the determination of ERP rates, in 2024, the proportion of foreign-registered vehicles with IUs versus those paying the flat fee is 4:3.”
“The Land Transport Authority and its subsidiary, EV-Electric Charging Pte Ltd, monitor charger utilisation rates and work with EV charging operators to scale up deployment in high demand areas, where electrical capacity permits. In Bidadari estate, the slow chargers are utilised for about 40% of the time on average, compared to about 20% nationwide. More slow charging points will be deployed in Bidadari this year. Electrical infrastructure upgrades are ongoing to enable the installation of a fast-charging hub in the future. In the meantime, there are already fast chargers available at Woodleigh Mall and nearby petrol kiosks.”
“The Ministry of Transport and the Land Transport Authority have not received any feedback from the public on Singapore MRT MirrorMoves space at Marina South Pier MRT station. Where it is safe and does not disrupt commuter flow and public transport operations, public transport operators will continue to make spaces available for community activities under their ongoing community engagement and partnership programmes.”
“There are about 2,500 violations annually over the last three years. For most of them, prosecutions have been commenced or concluded. Four hundred and fifteen deregistered vehicles have been seized during this period. Approximately 43% of the cases involve repeat offenders.”
“Public Transport Operators deploy staff during peak hours at the platforms of busier stations to manage crowds and encourage gracious commuting behaviour, such as giving way to alighting passengers and allowing wheelchair users and other passengers who are less mobile to board first. As announced at the Ministry of Transport's Committee of Supply, more prominent priority queues for boarding trains and lifts will be introduced to nudge commuters to give way to those in need. The Public Transport Council and the Land Transport Authority will also continue with their public education efforts, including leveraging the Thoughtful Bunch characters "Move-In Martin" and "Bag-Down Benny" to amplify our messages as part of our broader effort to promote gracious and caring commuter behaviour.”
“All vehicles registered in Singapore must comply with internationally recognised safety standards, including the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Regulations on door latches and hinges. The Land Transport Authority (LTA) is closely monitoring the ongoing regulatory review at the UNECE on door operability during emergencies, as well as regulatory reviews in markets, like China, Europe and the United States. LTA will work closely with the industry when introducing any safety requirement.”
“The Government regularly reviews social support schemes to ensure that they remain responsive to households' needs. To assess whether support remains adequate for lower-income households, the Government monitors key indicators, such as real income growth, and outcomes across the employment, housing, health and education domains. This allows us to better understand household trends in achieving stability, self-reliance and social mobility, efficacy of the support, as well as identify areas with unmet needs where support can be enhanced. Where necessary, the Government will complement social support schemes with temporary assistance measures to cushion the impact of exceptional shocks. The Government assesses each situation holistically, considering the scale and nature of disruptions alongside the adequacy of existing support measures. This approach ensures that our support is sized appropriately and targeted at those who need it more.”
“The Course Fees Relief ended from the Year of Assessment 2026 as the Government has introduced more targeted, direct support for lifelong learning and upskilling. These include course fee subsidies, training allowances, salary support for those undertaking on-the-job training through Career Conversion Programmes and the SkillsFuture Credit, which can be used for out-of-pocket costs on top of course fee subsidies. Given these support measures, there are no plans to reintroduce the relief or introduce alternative personal income tax reliefs and rebates tied to continuous learning and skills upgrading.”
“This question was addressed by the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry, the Acting Minister for Transport and Senior Minister of State for Finance and the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs, in their Ministerial Statements on the Impact of the Middle East Situation on Singapore at the Parliamentary Sitting on 7 April 2026.”
“This question was addressed by the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry, the Acting Minister for Transport and Senior Minister of State for Finance, and the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs, in their Ministerial Statements on the Impact of the Middle East Situation on Singapore at the Parliamentary Sitting on 7 April 2026. [Please refer to "Impact of the Middle East Situation on Singapore", Official Report, 7 April 2026, Vol 96, Issue 27, Ministerial Statements section.]”
“Singapore secures our essential supply lines through diversifying our sources, maintaining our position as a trusted global hub and strengthening international partnerships. Singapore is served by a wide network of global shipping lines calling regularly at the Port of Singapore. Changi Airport is likewise connected to about 170 cities worldwide by a range of airlines. This reduces dependence on any one operator and ensures that alternative shipping options remain available even in times of disruption. We also work with like-minded partners to keep trade routes open and facilitate the continued flow of essential goods during disruptions through bilateral and multilateral arrangements.”
“Besides the mandatory SingPass authentication for the seller and buyer, there is a two-step confirmation by both parties before the motor vehicle ownership transfer process is completed. Advisories can be found on the Land Transport Authority's (LTA's) OneMotoring website, urging sellers to transfer motor vehicle ownership only after receiving payment and to exercise caution before making any transaction. There is a CaseTrust-Singapore Vehicle Traders Association accreditation for second-hand motor dealers, who are assessed for fair business practices, transparency and dispute resolution. Members of the public are encouraged to engage with these dealers for greater assurance.”
“The electrical capacity available varies across carparks. Tenders for electrical infrastructure upgrades are separate from that for the deployment of electric vehicle (EV) chargers at the Housing and Development Board (HDB) carparks, as they involve different scopes of work and contractors. For example, in May 2025, a tender was awarded to upgrade electrical infrastructure at 300 HDB multi-storey carparks. The electrical capacity available varies across carparks. HDB carparks can support three to 12 slow charging points today, based on typical electricity capacities.”
“The starting fares of the Punggol autonomous shuttles in this pilot phase were determined by the operators in consultation with the Ministry of Transport and/or the Land Transport Authority. We expect the fares to be adjusted over time depending on ridership demand.”
“The Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore has deferred the implementation of the sustainable aviation fuel levy in view of the impact of the ongoing conflict in the Middle East on airlines and passengers. The levy will now apply to tickets and services sold from 1 October 2026, for flights departing from 1 January 2027.”
“The objective of Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) is to manage road congestion. The Land Transport Authority (LTA) reviews ERP rates and operational hours based on traffic conditions on a quarterly basis. LTA increased ERP rates at four locations in March 2026 as speeds at various stretches of the Ayer Rajah Expressway, Central Expressway and Kallang-Paya Lebar Expressway were persistently lower than optimal. This is to encourage motorists to consider travelling at different times or using alternative routes so as to relieve congestion.”
“The recent changes to the Preferential Additional Registration Fee (PARF) rebate were implemented with immediate effect to avoid distorting the Certificate of Entitlement market. This is in line with our general approach on market sensitive tax changes and was the same approach taken in 2023 when the PARF rebate cap was implemented and the Additional Registration Fee was raised. Fewer than 2,000 car buyers with committed purchases are estimated to be affected. We have received under 30 appeals from car buyers with committed purchases who might be affected by the PARF changes. The purchase of a car is a commercial arrangement between the dealer and buyer. We understand some dealers have already made alternative arrangements with affected buyers.”
“Fares for the Johor Bahru-Singapore Rapid Transit System (RTS) Link will be determined commercially by the operator, RTS Operations Pte Ltd. The operator will announce the fares in due course.”
“Vehicle owners may use tinted films with heat-reduction technologies, provided they: (a) allow at least 70% of visible light to pass through the front windscreen and front side windows, and at least 25% for the rear windscreen and rear side windows, (b) are non-reflective and (c) do not interfere with any signal transmission between the Electronic Road Pricing gantry and In-Vehicle/On-Board Unit. These requirements ensure drivers have sufficient visibility of the roads and environment around them, and that vehicle occupants can be identified for enforcement purposes. The Land Transport Authority will continue to review the requirements with the Singapore Police Force to ensure they remain fit for purpose.”
“The Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS) has deferred the implementation of the sustainable aviation fuel levy, in view of the impact of the ongoing conflict in the Middle East on airlines and passengers. The levy will now apply to tickets and services sold from 1 October 2026, for flights departing from 1 January 2027. There is no change to the levy quantum announced by the CAAS in November 2025 which was designed based on a fixed-cost envelope model, so that the cost to air transport users is kept stable.”
“The cycling lane at Tanah Merah Coast Road has signs, coloured road markings and other design elements to enhance safety. For example, road markings differentiate the lane from the road carriageway and facilitate interactions at junctions. Bus stops are also built on raised islands with the cycling lane running behind them. To address safety concerns of cyclists arising from illegal parking of vehicles and debris falling from heavy vehicles, enforcement has been stepped up. Clear signages have also been installed to remind drivers not to wait or park on the cycling lane. Daily road cleaning operations are conducted, and construction companies are reminded to secure loads and prevent material spillage. These efforts have reduced overloading offences by 74% and illegal parking offences by 5% at Tanah Merah Coast Road in 2H2025 compared to 1H2025, improving road safety. A physical separator could constrain the manoeuvring space for cyclists and would need to allow for breaks at intersections. Instead, raised chevron markings serve as a separator for the lane, alerting motorists when they veer into the cycling lane. Cyclists who prefer not to cycle on the road can use the Park Connector Network, which is physically separated from vehicular traffic and runs alongside the road.”
“Under the Bus Connectivity Enhancement Programme, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) has been improving bus services, especially for residents in areas further away from major transport nodes and town centres. For residents in Whampoa, LTA has introduced MRT Direct Service 21X on 28 April 2025 to Novena MRT station. Service 21X was renumbered 456 on 24 November 2025. LTA will continue to review whether additional bus services are needed in Whampoa, taking into account other requests for bus services elsewhere and overall resource constraints.”
“The wealth statistics published in the Occasional Paper is the Government's first compilation of household wealth estimates, based on data collected from the Household Expenditure Survey 2023. Studying wealth mobility requires longitudinal wealth data over time and over generations, which is not yet available. We will continue to collect wealth data and strengthen collection to support further analysis.”
“This question was addressed by the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry, the Acting Minister for Transport and Senior Minister of State for Finance, and the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs, in their Ministerial Statements on the Impact of the Middle East Situation on Singapore at the Parliamentary Sitting on 7 April 2026.”
“This question was addressed by the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry, the Acting Minister for Transport and Senior Minister of State for Finance, and the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs, in their Ministerial Statements on the Impact of the Middle East Situation on Singapore at the Parliamentary Sitting on 7 April 2026.”
“The Public Transport Council (PTC) considers the affordability of public transport, as measured by the proportion of household income spent on public transport, in determining the fare adjustments every year. It also has the discretion to defer part of the fare formula output to ensure that fares remain affordable for most households. For lower-income households, the proportion of household income spent on public transport has fallen from 3.1% in 2015 to 2.4% in 2024. For average public transport users, the figure has also fallen from 2.2% in 2015 to 1.7% in 2024. The existing concession pass schemes and Public Transport Vouchers (PTVs) already provide significant levels of support for vulnerable groups. Seniors, lower-wage workers and persons with disabilities enjoy discounts of up to 55% off adult per-journey fares. Heavy public transport users can purchase monthly passes which cap their monthly public transport expenditure. PTVs cover roughly half a year of fare increases for a typical household of two adults and two concession cardholders. Households who require more support can request for additional vouchers through their community centres or clubs. The Government provides more than $2 billion in annual subsidies to keep bus and train services running and provided an additional $200 million of subsidies to cover the cost of PTC deferring part of the fare increase during the 2025 Fare Review Exercise. Introducing an affordability cap in the fare review exercise that is unrelated to the cost of providing public transport may cause fares to diverge further from costs over time. This will mean additional subsidies to be borne by all taxpayers.”
“Conversion of zebra crossings into signalised crossings is assessed holistically based on site-specific conditions, such as traffic pattern, road width, nearby amenities and proportion of elderly. Signalised crossings are typically considered in busier or more complex traffic environments. For example, elderly pedestrians may require additional crossing time. Hence, in estates with higher proportions of elderly, we have Silver Zones and Friendly Streets – featuring signalised crossings with longer crossing time and narrowed road sections to encourage motorists to slow down and stop for pedestrians to cross more safely. The Land Transport Authority will continue to expand the Friendly Streets initiative to all the Housing and Development Board towns by 2030.”
“The Traffic Police does not specifically track the number of road accidents attributed to vehicles turning into minor roads and striking pedestrians at zebra crossings. Our roads are designed in accordance with international safety standards and requirements. For example, junctions are designed to enable both pedestrians and motorists to see each other clearly. Red-Amber-Green (RAG) arrows are implemented at almost all signalised junctions to enable safer turning. The remaining junctions where it is not feasible to install RAG arrows mostly have a single right-turn lane with only one oncoming traffic lane. The Land Transport Authority will consider other features, such as prominent turning pockets and signage, to ensure safety and smooth traffic flow at these junctions. Traffic calming infrastructure, such as centre dividers or road humps, are also added to slow down motorists at certain road sections.”