Yip Hon Weng
Singapore
“But we must also keep building our trust. It is the only infrastructure a small country cannot afford to lose. Every generation since Independence has earned our place in the world. Our responsibility is to see that the next generation is given the chance to do the same.”
“It can reinforce Singapore's role as a trusted financial centre, a gateway to Asia and a platform for long-term growth. But at the end of the day, we should also be clear about how success will be measured in practical terms. How much incremental daily trading volume are we seeking to generate?”
“I thank the Minister of State for his reply. While the US dollar remains dominant, some economists have suggested that the global monetary system may gradually become more fragmented and multi-polar over time.”
“Thank you, Mr Speaker. I thank the Minister for his reply. Given reports that some firms are slowing workforce expansion due to cost pressures due to the situation in the Middle East, has MOM observed any corresponding shift in firms hiring preferences between local workers and our foreign workforce?”
“Thank you, Mr Speaker. I thank the Minister of State for her reply. Many Singaporeans are already facing rising premiums year after year. As we have seen recently, even with cheaper riders, base premiums continue increasing. So, households may still have to pay more overall.”
“Because this is not just a technology transition, it is a workforce transition. The establishment of the Tripartite Jobs Council is an important step in ensuring that this alignment happens in practice. Technology will move. Markets will adapt. But we must be clear about the future we are building.”
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“Thank you, Mr Speaker. I thank the Senior Minister of State for his reply. I have a very short supplementary question. Besides increasing the resources to deal with resolution of complaint cases, will the Ministry also consider enhancing the policies and processes to weed out baseless or frivolous complaints which contribute to congestion within the system and this includes perhaps implementing penalties for individuals who file these cases?”
“Thank you, Mr Speaker. I thank the Minister of State for her reply. Many Singaporean families rely on foreign domestic workers as key family caregivers, looking after young children, seniors and infirmed members of the family. Over the past year, I have seen a number of cases at my Meet-the-People-Session families who have been caught in medical emergencies with their helpers. Given that healthcare costs are likely to rise in Singapore and we have more instances of retired and lower-income families dipping into their savings to pay for the unexpected hospitalisation fees for the helpers, could the Ministry consider the use of the employer's MediSave for their helpers? Could the Ministry also consider financial counselling, as a module during the employer's orientation programme?”
“Thank you, Mr Speaker. I thank the Minister of State for her reply. I have two supplementary questions. First, to encourage usage of ScamShield, would the Ministry consider working with the Ministry of Communications and Information and have the app pre-loaded on all new handphones? If the app is pre-loaded on new handphones, it would be easier for us to roll out educational campaigns to encourage all to use ScamShield, especially for our seniors. Second, I understand that the Minister of State has shared that for scammers using social media, e-commerce and messaging applications such as WhatsApp, Facebook and Instagram, the Ministry of Home Affairs actually works with the developers to remove these accounts from these platforms. So, my question is, are they given a timeline as to how fast they are supposed to remove such scam accounts?”
“We must strike a balance between quality training and ensuring an adequate number of legal professionals to meet the growing demands of our society. In conclusion, Mr Speaker, Sir, in my younger years, I almost did pursue an education in law. But due to circumstances then, I eventually ended up pursuing Mathematics. However, in a strange twist of fate, I am now a legislator as a Member of Parliament, working alongside lawyers, legal professionals and Parliamentary Clerks, scrutinising Bills and legislation. Hence, I am speaking on the Legal Profession (Amendment) Bill because I believe this marks a substantial stride forward in advancing our legal field, particularly in addressing concerns over ample practice opportunities for aspiring lawyers. Nevertheless, there are critical clarifications needed. Firstly, we must address the practicality of ensuring top-notch training for all, especially in smaller law firms. Secondly, as we extend the practice training period, safeguards against potential exploitation of trainees must be in place. Lastly, we need to evaluate the Bill's relevance, considering the evolving legal landscape. While augmenting training time is beneficial, it is imperative to consider its potential impact on the shortage of legal professionals. Striking a balance between quality training and meeting the increasing demands of society is imperative to ensure a sustainable and thriving legal profession in Singapore. I support the Bill.”
“This unhealthy work environment, characterised by excessive demands and little support, has led to a concerning attrition rate within the profession. Many dedicated individuals have been driven to leave due to these toxic conditions. What measures are being taken to rectify this issue and ensure a more sustainable and nurturing atmosphere for young legal professionals? I ask this because this House would recall that a lawyer of 20 years' standing was jailed, fined and disbarred for having abused his employees, among whom was a trainee. As with all other occupations, the relationship and balance of power between a supervising solicitor and a trainee tilt in the balance of the former. Have any measures been put in place to minimise future recurrences? Third, Mr Speaker, Sir, it is worth noting that this Bill was crafted during a time when there was an excess of lawyers. However, the situation may have evolved. Today, we are facing a shortage of legal professionals. Considering this, we must question whether the changes outlined in this Bill remain relevant in our current legal landscape. Undoubtedly, the quality of our legal professionals is paramount. Providing them with more time and exposure to different aspects of the legal landscape is a valuable step in their career development. It aids them in deciding their career goals and which specific areas to pursue. However, I am concerned that the longer practice period, while beneficial in many aspects, may exacerbate the existing shortage of legal professionals. This, in turn, places more pressure on lawyers, particularly the younger ones, potentially resulting in a vicious cycle as more may experience burnout and leave the profession.”
“Often, larger firms will select those who may have performed better in law school. How does the Law Society ensure that all trainees will continue to get equal exposure, regardless of their graduating results? Moreover, we should consider avenues for trainees to provide anonymous feedback to the Law Society regarding the quality of their training. This could be an invaluable resource in maintaining and improving the standard of training across the profession in the long term. Second, Mr Speaker, Sir, as we extend the practice training period, we must be vigilant in safeguarding against the potential exploitation of trainees and their wages. Some firms may take the work of trainees and charge clients as their own without giving due credit to the trainees. How will the Law Society safeguard against such exploitation? In such cases, when clients are billed at the full rate, how is liability managed in the event of any issues arising from this arrangement? Furthermore, will the Law Society consider mandating a minimum wage for trainees similar to what housemen are paid in the medical field? How will the Law Society protect those inexperienced trainees from law firms that might seek to take advantage of this extended practice period? As much as the extended practice period is important to an aspiring lawyer's development, they must also be treated fairly and remunerated equitably. Addressing the possible exploitation of young lawyers, particularly in larger firms where they are often burdened with arduous tasks and long hours, is critical. This scenario could also happen in smaller firms where there are fewer resources and manpower.”
“Mr Speaker, Sir, the Legal Profession (Amendment) Bill represents a significant step forward in our legal profession. The amendments are a positive development in addressing concerns about the availability of practice roles for our aspiring lawyers. However, I have several clarifications on the Bill. First, Mr Speaker, Sir, there are practical concerns about how this Bill can truly enhance the quality of our legal professionals. Has the Ministry gathered feedback on the breadth and depth of training received by trainees? Additionally, is the supply of training places able to meet the demand? What trainees do and learn should advance their aspirations and chosen career paths. However, due to a shortage of training positions, a trainee may have little choice but to train at a firm or with a lawyer whose practice areas are vastly different. An extended training period may be disadvantageous to them in such cases. What types of support are available to such trainees if they wish to transition to other practice areas? Furthermore, if a trainee is unable to secure a training contract in one of the larger law firms, which may not have as many or as varied legal departments, will there still be an assurance of the same high-quality training? Will these trainees receive the breadth of experience required to enhance their knowledge and skillsets? Can we implement a system, perhaps through logbooks or checklists, to ensure that trainees in smaller law firms, or all trainees, gain the relevant breadth of experience? This could be a record-keeping document or online system that trainees use to track their activities, experiences and tasks during their practice training period. Equally important, how do we ensure the accuracy of these logbooks?”
“Can the Government share more about the policy considerations on this matter? Will individuals in the process of applying for SC/PR status be allowed to retain their CPF accounts during this period or are they required to close their accounts and later re-establish them upon attaining SC/PR status? Next, Mr Speaker, Sir, I have queries on the policy amendments on the disclosure of deceased members' CPF information. I would like to seek clarification on whether disclosure will be limited to one instance or if all next of kin, beneficiaries or nominees will be entitled to request such information. What mechanisms will be in place to ensure that the requestors are likely beneficiaries when a member passes away without a will or Court order? Moreover, how does the Board determine that such information will be accessed by individuals whom the deceased member did not intend to be beneficiaries? In conclusion, Mr Speaker, the changes in this Bill to focus the CPF system on Singaporeans and PRs are the right approach. The CPF system was set up as a compulsory savings plan for working Singaporeans and PRs primarily to fund their retirement, healthcare, education and housing needs. We should ensure that the system remains focused on its target beneficiaries. Additionally, we should strive for efficiency and resident-centric administration of CPF schemes for better service delivery. I support the Bill.”
“Mr Speaker, Sir, the amendments in the CPF Bill enhance our CPF system in two key aspects – prioritising Singaporean Citizens (SCs) and Permanent Residents (PRs) and streamlining the administration of CPF schemes for improved service delivery. I seek clarification on a few points. First, Mr Speaker, Sir, I seek clarification on the policy intent behind the closure of CPF accounts for non-SC/PR individuals. When was the requirement for CPF contributions by non-SC/PR members introduced? Despite the prohibition on contributions from foreigners since 2003, about 300,000 non-SC/PR individuals remain in the CPF system. Among them are those who received contributions or made voluntary contributions since 2003 as well as former SC/PRs who relinquished their citizenship or permanent residency. Were active steps taken to encourage SC/PRs to close their accounts over the years? How much does CPF expect to pay out when these accounts are closed and how much of these payments are accrued interest? Can CPF share projections regarding the number of individuals expected to transition to the Supplementary Retirement Scheme (SRS)? Regarding the impact of individuals transitioning to the SRS, SRS contributions are entitled to income tax relief. However, withdrawals are subject to income tax. Does this policy align with our broader economic goals? Do the economic benefits of this policy, such as potential tax revenues and investment funds, outweigh the incentives provided to foreigners to grow their retirement accounts in Singapore? These questions reflect the concerns and curiosity of some Singaporeans who may perceive the policy as the Government simply facilitating the growth of retirement funds for foreigners.”
“Thank you, Mr Speaker. I thank the Minister of State for his response. I note that MAS does not oversee external service providers like data centres. But I am heartened to note that the Government will study strengthening the security of data centres. My supplementary question is this: will MAS consider working with the Ministry of Communications and Information (MCI) and, perhaps, even the Cyber Security Agency (CSA) for a whole-of-Government approach to ensure that for data centres, there are build-in redundancy systems as well as robust plans to deter cyber attacks?”
“Mr Speaker, I note that earlier, the Senior Minister of State has shared that there will be a study looking into PHVs as well as P2P transportation. I would like to ask the Senior Minister of State whether he can share what are the likely areas that this study is able to go into that he can share with the House.”
“Mr Speaker, I thank the Senior Minister of State for his response. I just have a very short supplementary question which relates to my Parliamentary Question No 38. I thank the Senior Minister of State for sharing that LTA will study the issue of PHVs as well as P2P transport further. I just want to ask whether the Senior Minister of State can share what are the likely areas will be looked into under this study?”
“As we reflect upon its implications in the present day, we are compelled to redefine our perspective on the types of societies that necessitate regulation in today's landscape, with the paramount goal of safeguarding our national security. In this digital age, we must re-evaluate our approach to society regulation, acknowledging that many of these entities operate predominantly in virtual spaces, transcending national boundaries in an era of globalisation and digitalisation. Some may not readily disclose their true agendas, underscoring the need for a regulatory framework that empowers the Government to act swiftly and effectively when necessary. This involves not only implementing the necessary regulations, but also having the resources to monitor, as well as the levers to enforce the rules. Only through this holistic approach can we adequately address the challenges posed by societies in today's dynamic and interconnected world. I support the Bill.”
“On this note, I would also like to inquire about the nature and extent of cooperation that Singapore has established or intends to establish with companies that provide digital services and products that allow online societies to form, specifically regarding the objectives of this Bill. Examples may be Telegram, Facebook groups and WhatsApp. Cooperation on a global scale is imperative to effectively address the challenges posed by societies operating in the digital sphere. Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, my last point is on administrative concerns. As we explore the proposal allowing societies that are also registered charities to submit their annual reports through a "one-stop" service, it brings to mind practical considerations. Will the Ministry establish an entirely new portal for this purpose or will it be seamlessly integrated with the existing MHA iROSES system? Today, there are entities, such as religious organisations, that have the option to register both as societies and as charities. Is there an intention to streamline this process? Additionally, how do we educate the public about the appropriate steps to take in such cases? Last but not least, it is essential to recognise that the workload on the Registrar of Societies, or ROS, will inevitably increase. This raises important questions about whether ROS will need to recalibrate its processes, potentially requiring additional manpower. How will ROS collaborate with the Police to share the workload and ensure seamless distribution of information? In conclusion, Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, this Bill was conceived to establish a framework for the regulation of societal activities, an imperative stemming from the historical context of combating illegal societies.”
“Would this entail the application of the Foreign Interference Countermeasures Act, or FICA, concerning the registration of such societies? In addition, how will this Bill regulate societies with foreign affiliations, particularly those with undisclosed intentions? Will societies be mandated to declare such affiliations before they are allowed to be registered? Furthermore, it is critical to scrutinise transnational societies whose principal bank accounts may be situated in territories or countries that are known for being tax havens, such as the Cayman Islands, Bahamas or the British Virgin Islands. This heightened scrutiny is warranted to prevent potential cases of money laundering and tax evasion. Third, Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, as we turn our attention to groups that are organised in virtual spaces, within chat groups and on the Internet, a set of unique challenges arises. Earlier, Member Assoc Prof Razwana Begum mentioned this as well. Are there plans to expressly address these societies under the Act? If so, what conditions will be set forth for their registration? Particularly, when these societies operate on a secure or private platforms provided by companies that are not governed by Singapore's laws, ensuring compliance in the digital realm becomes a complex undertaking. It is important to address how the respective agencies plan to police this expansive digital landscape, given the evolving nature of technology. Laws, no matter how well-crafted, are only effective if they can be enforced.”
“Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, the Societies Act stands as an important measure in safeguarding the interests of Singapore. This Act, in its previous iterations and at present, ensures that groups with the potential for unlawful activities, threats to national security or activities contrary to our nation's interests, do not gain traction or growth within our borders. Notwithstanding, I have several clarifications on the Bill. First, Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, we must consider if allowing the Registrar to include or exclude specific clauses into a society's constitution before it is registered might be seen as excessive Government intervention in its internal workings. Furthermore, if the members of the would-be society find itself in disagreement with the clauses prescribed by the Registrar, what recourse do they have against the Registrar's decision? Likewise, in the event of a registration being denied, what avenues exist for societies to appeal such decisions? Is there also a timeline for appeals? Second, Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, as we delve into the provision detailing the grounds that the Registrar can consider when evaluating applications for amendments in rules and names, as well as addressing concerns regarding foreign interference, several queries come to mind. Will the Bill provide a comprehensive list of considerations for societies to reference? Could there potentially be a reference guide or illustrative examples, akin to a "blacklist," to assist applicants in navigating this process with clarity? Moreover, when the Bill references matters "contrary to Singapore's national security or interest", I wish to clarify whether this encompasses political societies or those with political affiliations.”
“Mr Speaker, Sir, as we all know, trade is the lifeblood of Singapore. As a critical trading hub, it is incumbent upon us to meet the highest international standards, whilst simultaneously reduce the impediments to trade. The amendments in this Bill are designed to fortify our FTZ regime, allowing for enhanced oversight of goods within these zones, while preserving the efficiency that characterises our trade networks. Notwithstanding, I would like to seek a few clarifications. First, Mr Speaker, Sir, with regard to the various entities designated to oversee the 10 FTZs, as they are private entities, what are the stipulated conditions and criteria for their appointment? What mechanisms are in place for potential revocation? Are there plans to establish more FTZs in the future? Second, Mr Speaker, Sir, the delegation of greater powers to the DG by the Minister is a point of concern. In cases where the DG had acted ultra vires or unreasonably, will cases of appeal be reviewed by the Minister? Third, the accuracy of data submission within the FTZs is of paramount importance. Can we get insights into the mechanisms that will be employed to ensure the accuracy of this data? Equally crucial is how this data will be safeguarded by customs authorities. Can the Ministry of Finance (MOF) share more information about this issue? Fourth, will there be a provision allowing for appeals against penalties imposed in cases where licensing conditions are breached or where actions conflict with the Act? Lastly, Mr Speaker, Sir, the matter of data confidentiality merits attention. Will data collected within FTZs be disclosed to foreign law enforcement agencies, such as INTERPOL, without the explicit consent of the individuals or entities involved? Notwithstanding, I support the Bill.”
“Mr Speaker, I thank the Senior Minister of State for his reply. I declare that I am working in an investment firm that has a stake in SingPost. I asked this Parliamentary Question (PQ) based on my residents' concerns and feedback on the issue. Some of my residents work as property agents or in organisations like charitable organisations, small businesses, and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that still depend on domestic postage as a primary mode of advertising and marketing. They have, therefore, expressed concerns that the postage hike will affect their livelihoods, especially when there are also price hikes in other areas. In addition to the 10 stamps that the Ministry will provide to each household to soften the impact of the increased postage rates, would the Ministry consider some form of targeted help for those who will be particularly affected, like those I mentioned earlier?”
“What specific policies and initiatives are being considered, and how will they be implemented to provide tangible support for this group? Third, Mr Speaker, Sir, I have some queries on the proposed changes pertaining to mandating submission of income information by intermediaries for SEPs. What processes will be implemented to ensure that the intermediaries comply with this requirement? Additionally, what penalties will be imposed in the event of non-compliance? How does the Government plan to guarantee the accuracy of the information obtained through this mandate? Given the diversity of occupations and income streams of SEPs, it is critical that we employ robust methods to validate this data, so as to prevent misuse or fraudulent claims. Does the Government intend to leverage advanced technologies, such as fraud detection algorithms or AI, to enhance accuracy and efficiency of this process. Furthermore, will there be whistle-blowing policies in place? In conclusion, Mr Speaker, Sir, these amendments hold far reaching implications for our businesses, families and us. Recognising that there is no one-size-fits-all policy, it is imperative that we maintain a commitment to regularly review and adapt taxation policies to ensure their ongoing adequacy. Moreover, effective communication channels must be established to address public concerns and to make residents more aware of available alternatives and supporting policies. I support the Bill.”
“Will the Government consider broadening the scope of the EIS to encompass joint ventures that closely collaborate with our local ecosystem and industries? By doing so, we can ensure that the benefits of this scheme extend beyond the immediate beneficiaries and contribute to the overall growth and development of the entire ecosystem. Secondly, Mr Speaker, Sir, I would like to speak about the amendments to the WMCR scheme. Several Members have raised this as well. During the Budget deliberations, concerns were raised that the changes in the WMCR disincentivises higher-earning mothers to consider having more children. In certain cases, the policy changes would result in some individuals receiving fewer incentives than before. For example, to cite local finance website Dollars and Sense, working mothers of three children, earning between $7,000 and $12,000, would pay an additional $1,000 or more in income tax than before. Likewise, working mothers earning $12,000 or more will have to pay $5,000 or more in additional income tax. Considering the feedback stemming from the policy change, I would like to inquire about the measures the Government has taken to address these concerns. What steps have been taken to ensure that the changes in the WCMR scheme are effectively communicated to the public, along with the policy considerations that underlie this decision? Furthermore, are there plans in place to address any perceived disincentives amongst this group of working mothers, to ensure that they do not feel discouraged from expanding their families? While it may be argued that the higher cash payouts may not be a factor for these group of mothers, a right signal needs to be sent.”
“Mr Speaker, Sir, the legislative amendments to this Bill are put forth with the primary objectives of implementing tax measures as outlined in the 2023 Budget Statement. The changes are also to align our tax system with international tax developments and MOF's periodic reviews. Notwithstanding, I wish to seek a few clarifications on the Bill. Firstly, Mr Speaker, Sir, I have some queries on the EIS. While the prescribed cap of $400,000 additional tax deduction may serve its intended purpose for smaller businesses, it may be less relevant to larger enterprises. On the other hand, smaller businesses, although potentially eligible for the EIS, might not have significant taxable income against which they can offset their investment. In such cases, it is highly likely that most of these businesses would opt for the cash option. Yet, the cash conversion ratio of 20% may not be sufficient to motivate them. As such, are there plans to review these figures, to ensure that they adequately cater to the needs of a broader spectrum of businesses? Also, I could not resist drawing parallels between the EIS and the previous R&D incentives under the Productivity and Innovation Credit scheme. In this connection, it begs the question of how effective the previous scheme had been, and whether these incremental changes will truly foster the desired outcomes. The cost of research has also increased over the years. As such, the "$50,000 of qualifying innovation expenditure" may only make up for the small amount of research cost. Will this quantum be revised upwards to attract higher-end and more advanced research that may cost more but likewise attract more talent?”
“Thank you, Mr Speaker. My question is directed to Minister Indranee. I am glad to hear that there are several levels of checks for real estate transactions to prevent money laundering. Are the current checks sufficient and how do we ensure compliance for these checks? For instance, how do we ensure that property agents are trained to their appropriate level to conduct anti-money laundering CDD? Perhaps having some audit checks and also have them take compliance tests? Given this case, would there be further measures to ensure that Singapore's property market is not being targeted or misused for money laundering activities beyond just filing STRs?”
“I thank the Senior Parliamentary Secretary for his reply. I am glad to hear that the Ministry is undertaking this review regularly. I wish to ask how often will the review take place? Also, can the Ministry share some details on how the review will be undertaken and will this involve interviewing more residents on the ground? Specifically, will respondents be surveyed on their personal willingness to pay higher taxes? And what each respondent will be willing to contribute monthly to support the basic needs of others?”
“I thank the Acting Minister for his very comprehensive reply. My supplementary questions pertain to service reliability. Does the PTC take into consideration the recent number of train breakdowns before allowing for the increase in fares? And if so, will maintenance of service reliability be taken into account before we ask commuters to pay more? Also, can the Ministry share and elaborate on some of the initiatives their transport operators are undertaking to reduce expenses that will not affect the reliability of our transport services?”
“Beyond this defined leave period, fathers must continue to strategise their time during work weeks to cultivate meaningful family connections. This transcends remuneration and leave benefits. It necessitates purposeful allocation and investment of time. In times of family emergencies, the understanding and accommodation of employers and colleagues become paramount. Employees should not be made to feel guilty or worry about their career progression because they had to take time off to care for loved ones. Mr Speaker, Sir, allow me to conclude in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): [Please refer to Vernacular Speech.] Therefore, we need a collective whole-of-society effort. That is really important. I urge everyone, every stakeholder, including the Government, businesses and the people to build a common vision and make Singapore a strong Singapore that is made for families. Thank you, I support this Bill.”
“Extensive studies consistently highlight the positive effects of active father involvement on children, spanning from enhanced self-esteem and reduced behavioural problems to heightened social competence. Remarkably, these benefits often shape the trajectory of the next generation, with children raised by engaged fathers becoming involved parents themselves. But embracing the role of an active and engaged father presents an array of challenges. I know this from first-hand experience. Utilising my designated paternity leave to care for my newborn was but a fleeting moment within the grander journey. If you ask my wife, she will say that those two weeks flew by so fast, they were almost negligible! This stems from the fact that child-rearing is an uninterrupted, daily commitment we undertake as parents – a commitment that extends until our children reach a stage of independence. Undeniably, appealing for more leave is not a viable solution. As a small, competitive nation, we must weigh these advancements against its potential effects on businesses, ensuring a balanced approach. We must vigilantly track the impact of these policies to discern whether they truly move the needle in the desired direction. Transformative change cannot be achieved through a single or few policies within a short timeframe. Moreover, we cannot simply replicate solutions from other countries due to our unique context. But we must concede the indisputable significance of work-life balance and the cultural ethos in nurturing a society that offers Singaporeans the confidence and assurance to embrace parenthood. Encouraging fathers to embrace an active role in nurturing their children goes beyond the allocation of paternity leave.”
“Thus, we must delve into the effects these changes might have on businesses. How do we strike a balance that supports families while recognising the operational challenges businesses might face? How do we support companies like SMEs who have lesser employees and may feel more constraints when employees go on paternity leave? Additionally, it is worth considering the consolidation of various existing leave schemes. At present, an array of leave options is available, classified under marriage and family leave by the Tripartite Alliance for Fair and Progressive Employment Practices (TAFEP). These include childcare, eldercare, maternity, paternity and a more encompassing family care leave. Not all of these are obligatory. TAFEP merely recommends potential leave schemes for companies to adopt. Given the current landscape, can we explore amalgamating these leave schemes and rendering them fungible? For example, we could introduce a family care leave scheme to heighten flexibility for both parents and caregivers. The move toward amalgamation aligns with the evolving needs of our society as more people are choosing to prioritise their loved ones over work if they may afford to do so. In conclusion, Mr Speaker, Sir, expanding paternity leave and benefits is a promising step towards fostering a family-friendly culture. Drawing from my experience as a father of five, I have witnessed the pivotal role of paternal involvement in shaping our children's lives. Research reinforces this notion, indicating that the impact starts prior to birth. Partner support during pregnancy links to improved maternal health and better outcomes for mothers and infants.”
“Second, Mr Speaker, Sir, we should examine the financial implications and mechanisms of administering these provisions. What is the Government's estimated annual commitment for these new paid paternity leave and benefits? An important parallel concern pertains to the authenticity of claims for such leave and benefits. Drawing lessons from past experiences such as the over disbursement during the COVID-19 Jobs Support Scheme, we need robust measures in place. Does the Bill empower the Ministry to retrieve funds that have been erroneously disbursed? Furthermore, is there a dedicated unit within MSF that handles such disputes? While clause 11 clarifies how the Government may recover funds from individuals who have been paid inappropriately, what is the time period for these individuals to make repayment? What measures are in place to recover funds from employers who may have inadvertently allowed the error to take place? I ask this because lower-wage employees may have spent the money and may not be able to make repayment as quickly. Also, putting some responsibility on the employer may resolve some of the administrative issues that the Government may face as regards to the disbursements of these funds. A broader perspective necessitates us to examine the impact on the workforce left behind who shoulder the responsibilities of those on paternity leave. How do we ensure that the workplace remains efficient and productive during these absences, safeguarding against undue strain on those who continue to serve? We must acknowledge the valid concerns raised by singles who often find themselves shouldering additional responsibilities due to their marital status, which can lead to feelings of inequity and being discriminated against.”
“Mr Speaker, Sir, fostering active fatherhood and shared responsibilities within families are important for healthy and happy families. At its heart, this Bill calls for an embrace of a collaborative journey that encompasses fathers and mothers alike in the nurturing of our future generations. I would like to seek several clarifications on the Bill. First, Mr Speaker, Sir, I have clarifications about the adoption and effectiveness of the policies. To ensure success, we must address the matter of take-up and track its efficacy. As recent data indicates, approximately 40% to 50% of fathers availed the entitled paid paternity leave last year. The median number of weeks taken stood at 1.2 weeks out of the available two weeks. While it is heartening to witness fathers exercising their leave entitlement, there remains concerns and apprehension about negative performance evaluations due to extended leave-taking. This worry is likely to persist even when employees are wholly entitled to their leave privileges. How can we ensure that fathers who fully utilise their paternity leave will not face hindered career advancements or negative performance evaluations? How will the Ministry work with companies to explore practical avenues to encourage more fathers to utilise their entitled leave allocation? Undoubtedly, there are numerous advantages to greater paternal involvement. The proposed amendments currently provide that the Government will reimburse employers who voluntarily allow extra paternity leave for a period not exceeding two weeks. Could we not take a more assertive stance? Could we consider making this extended paternity leave mandatory rather than voluntary?”
“Mr Speaker, the amendments reiterate our commitment to progress, security and efficiency. They pave the way for Singapore to remain open and innovative. We are fully prepared to meet the challenges and opportunities ahead. I support this Bill. 2.26 pm”
“In conclusion, Mr Speaker, Sir, this Bill serves as a vital tool in our efforts to strike a delicate balance between welcoming deserving visitors and safeguarding our national interests. With limited resources and space, we must be vigilant in managing the entry of individuals into our country. Singapore's allure as a destination for visitors and foreigners is well-recognised. However, our attractiveness also renders us susceptible to criminal elements, due to the significant influx of people. While preventing acts of terrorism is a primary concern, there is an additional facet to consider. The recent high-profile $1.8 billion money laundering investigation underscores this point. Some individuals may exploit the guise of business and investments to engage in unlawful activities once they enter and reside in Singapore. We need to do our best to deny entry to individuals who have malicious intentions to commit crimes within our borders. To achieve this, the implementation of a more rigorous system is essential, safeguarding the safety and security of our nation and residents. Mr Speaker, Sir, allow me to conclude in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): [Please refer to Vernacular Speech.] I suggest that we use technology to further differentiate different categories of control measures. This represents an important step forward to optimise productivity, especially in a tight labour market. In addition, our manpower is precious and limited. We must be able to assess what we want to achieve. Can the authorities explain in detail what improvement measures we will implement to reduce the queueing time at Woodland and Tuas checkpoints? Can we calculate whether efficiency will increase or decrease in percentage terms?”
“Fourth, the shift towards accepting digital versions of permits and passes to verify immigration status and declaration of goods raises a question about initial potential congestion, particularly at our land checkpoints. What are the projected short- and long-term impacts of allowing digital permits and passes on the flow of travellers at these checkpoints? How will ICA address situations where individuals may not possess a functional electronic device to present e-permits? Will physical permits still be issued or remain valid as an alternative option? Next, Mr Speaker, Sir, let us proceed to issues concerning self-declaration. With regard to the offence of making false statements, how does ICA plan to effectively monitor and validate the accuracy of these declarations? Could ICA provide insights into the frequency of validation or fact-checking procedures? Are there plans to implement audit checks to ensure the compliance and accuracy of these self-declarations? As we all know, strong enforcement serves as one of the most effective deterrents against such transgressions. How does ICA plan to strengthen enforcement measures to discourage false statements and uphold the sanctity of self-declarations? There is a concern that new diseases are not accurately declared. As we consider the potential health risks posed by contagious diseases, a pertinent scenario arises: if a passenger fails to declare symptoms of a new disease, or is ignorant of the symptoms, how would ICA issue a no-boarding directive or prevent such a passenger from disembarking in Singapore? How does ICA intend to collaborate with MOH to address this concern?”
“How does ICA intend to address the needs of individuals who might not be digitally adept and ensure that no one is left behind in this transformative journey when residents use the NCC? Second, the retention period of passenger data and the mechanisms to safeguard it are of paramount importance. Could ICA shed light on how long personal data will be stored? Also, will there be a designated timeframe for the destruction of this information? What rigorous measures are in place to prevent hacking or misuse? Could we receive assurance on how personal data, particularly biometrics, will be fortified against potential breaches? Third, the introduction of NBDs for transport operators of land-based conveyances, has raised some operational questions. There have been concerns about the practical feasibility of implementing NBDs for buses, especially considering the dynamic nature of bus schedules and connectivity with different bus services and transport modes. Could the Minister clarify the exemption status of operators like SBS? Could the Minister also provide insights into the rationale behind this exemption? What about taxis and coaches which operate across our borders? Furthermore, understanding the potential challenges faced by transport operators in complying with this new clause is critical. Are there plans for a transition period to facilitate a smooth implementation? When can we expect the composition framework to be introduced to support transport operators? Moreover, how can we address the concerns of passengers who are worried that some of these bus companies lack the necessary infrastructure to secure their personal data?”
“Mr Speaker, Sir, Singapore is an open economy that relies on the free movement of people and goods. Following the challenges posed by the global pandemic, it is heartening to note that all our checkpoints are once again bustling with activity. The numbers crossing our checkpoints speak volumes about our nation's economic resilience and quick recovery. The proposed legislation demonstrates our commitment to utilising technology and digitalisation to enhance ICA’s operations. The amendments seek to improve efficiency and productivity within our immigration processes, whilst upholding stringent controls to ensure that the right individuals enter Singapore. I would like to seek clarifications in two broad areas. First, on digitalisation and, next, on the self-declarations by passengers. First, Mr Speaker, Sir, I have clarifications on data security and operational issues. The adoption of the NCC, prompts us to consider its impact on the future of passports and its associated data security measures. Can the Ministry share how many countries have also employed such technologies regularly to allow for seamless travel? Could the implementation of such technologies eventually render physical passports irrelevant? It would be insightful to understand if the ICA envisions a time when passports might be phased out in favour of e-passports. How does the ICA plan to collaborate with other Government agencies like GovTech, Cyber Security Agency and Smart Nation Digital Government Group (SNDGG) to raise the resilience of our digital solutions against potential scammers and frauds? As Singapore’s passport is highly sought after, any vulnerabilities and breaches in the system can result in the theft of critical passenger data.”
“In particular, PWS should not be permitted to increase prices to offset the new charges as a result of these amendments. In this high inflationary environment, essential public goods, such as water, must continue to remain accessible to our residents. I support the Bill.”
“I welcome the move towards e-notices as more people are adopting them over paper notices. This is also a more efficient and eco-friendly approach. However, I would like to express a concern for some residents, especially seniors, who may have difficulties accessing and reading digital notices. They may have an online account or app, often created on their behalf, but that does not necessarily mean they will use it. I urge the authorities to ensure that appropriate provisions are in place to accommodate and support residents who may need alternative ways of communication to stay updated on water-related matters. This could include an opt-out option for those who prefer hard copy notices. In conclusion, Mr Speaker, Sir, I support the introduction of these amendments. These changes align with the urgent need to enhance our water management practices and further enhance the foundation for a sustainable water future. It is reassuring to witness our commitment to the principles of reuse and recycle embedded within this Bill. Nevertheless, it is critical to acknowledge that the journey towards water sustainability extends beyond the measures outlined in this Bill. While the focus on reuse and recycle is commendable, we must not overlook the importance of the "reduce" component in our water story. As a nation with limited natural resources, Singapore must continue to prioritise and persist in public education initiatives that promote water conservation. By instilling a culture of responsible water usage and emphasising the significance of reducing our overall water consumption, we can further safeguard and strengthen our precious water resources. Furthermore, as we introduce these initiatives to conserve water, we must ensure that the consumers are not burdened by the costs.”
“I also wish to better understand the difference between the WEF and the IWSDF. Are the funding caps for these initiatives sufficient to make a substantial impact in achieving our water sustainability goals? Whilst we seek to meet our water recycling goals, we must be mindful of the costs associated with meeting these requirements, in particular, whether having compulsory water recycling would drive up costs of production and make businesses in Singapore less competitive. Second, Mr Speaker, Sir, I would like to seek clarifications on the introduced charges for PWS. Can PUB share on the overall numbers of PWS operating in Singapore? What is their impact on the country's overall water system, particularly in terms of capacity and supply? How does PUB plan to make sure that by allowing more PWS, we ensure that it does not go the way of the open electricity market, where a number of smaller companies could not sustain their operations and customers were affected? Third, Mr Speaker, Sir, I would like to comment on the amendments related to operations. Regarding the provision of legal powers to PUB to conduct operations to safeguard water security, may I ask how often these powers of entry were exercised in the past? I understand that these powers are essential for maintaining water security, but some may view them as intrusive. Hence, I seek an explanation on whether the decision to exercise these powers is based on the severity of the issue at hand, ensuring that the entry is justified and proportionate to the situation, something which Member Louis Ng has also mentioned earlier. In addition, I note the decision to give PUB's e-notices to accounts pre-designated by customers the same legal effect as PUB's hard copy documents.”
“Mr Speaker, Sir, water remains an invaluable resource that sustains our very existence. Yet, the global challenges of climate change and increasing water demand continue to pose pressing concerns for nations worldwide. As a country known for our prudent water management in the face of resource constraints, we are particularly vulnerable to these challenges. As we grapple with the anticipated repercussions of climate change on our water resources, it becomes imperative that we adopt a forward-thinking approach and proactively address these issues. I have several clarifications on this Bill. First, Mr Speaker, Sir, I would like to ask about the mandatory recycling requirements outlined in the proposed amendments. While it is commendable that we are implementing recycling requirements in specific sectors like wafer fabrication, electronics and biomed, we must consider the broader picture. These sectors, though significant contributors to non-domestic water demand, represent only one-fifth of the entire sector. Are there plans to expand the mandatory recycling requirements to cover other sectors as well? Also, what constitutes high water recycling potential? Can this be stretched to either the financial and business sectors or other manufacturing sectors like pharmaceuticals? The proposed target of achieving a 50% recycling rate for wafer fabrication is a commendable step. However, it is worth noting that Taiwan has already achieved a recycling rate of 75% in the same sector. I would like to inquire about Singapore's plan to move towards a higher recycling rate in the wafer fabrication sector. Additionally, it would be beneficial to understand how the Government intends to support these efforts, be it through the provision of infrastructure or subsidies.”
“Mr Speaker, Sir, with the advancement of technology, it is useful that the Government is considering using such initiatives to allow certain oaths to be taken through live video or television link, instead of in person. This would enhance convenience, efficiency and accessibility for the oath takers and the oath administrators. However, I seek a few clarifications in two broad areas: authentication and contingencies. First, Mr Speaker, Sir, on authentication. With the advent and advancements of artificial intelligence (AI) how do we prevent deep fakes or impersonations from compromising the integrity and validity of the oaths? In particular, will there be other means of verifying their identity and authenticity? Second, Mr Speaker, Sir, on contingencies. What happens if there is a power failure, a network disruption or a technical glitch for these live links? How do we ensure that the feed is adequately fast, clear and secure for the oaths to be taken smoothly? How do we build in contingencies in such situations? And associated with this, will we allow overseas live links to take place and, if so, under what conditions and safeguards? In conclusion, Mr Speaker, Sir, I believe that this Bill is a positive step towards leveraging technology for public service delivery. Notwithstanding, we must be mindful of the potential challenges and risks involved, given the increasing sophistication of deep fake AI technology. I support the Bill.”
“Thank you, Mr Speaker. My question is to Minister Chan, and it pertains to my Question No 11. How does the Public Service intend to strengthen its whistle-blowing policies and promote better awareness of these policies so that civil servants are protected by non-retaliation policies that are in place?”
“Thank you, Mr Speaker. I thank the Minister of State for his response. I have one supplementary question. I wish to ask how have MAS' investments been thus far and its impact on our official foreign reserves.”
“Madam, I thank the Senior Parliamentary Secretary for her response. I have two supplementary questions. First, can the Ministry elaborate why are non-clinical genetic tests allowed to be provided directly to the consumer but not clinical genetic tests? Second, for users of direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic tests, how can they be assured that their data will not be sold to third parties, especially in cases where the tests are sold online but processed overseas?”
“Thank you, Madam. I thank the Minister for her reply. I just have a very short supplementary question. I am heartened to hear that SMT is committed to improve its accountability and its risk measures. I just want to ask the Minister whether the Ministry is prepared to consider ring-fencing an amount out of the $900 million funding support for SMT, to strengthen its internal accountability and to prevent incidents from happening in the future.”
“At the same time, we must acknowledge the challenges we face. One such challenge is the global nature of such crimes. As mentioned, many malicious sites and perpetrators are based overseas, making it difficult to bring them to justice promptly. While efforts are being made to collaborate with foreign counterparts, we must accept the limitations and understand that immediate action may not always be possible. Additionally, the ever-changing nature of scams and online harms necessitates a proactive approach. Legislation alone is necessary but insufficient. Legislation alone cannot entirely eradicate these issues. Enforcement, education and awareness remain our key defence. It is essential to prioritise efforts to educate the public about online safety, raise awareness about common scams and promote responsible digital practices. This can be achieved through robust digital literacy programmes, continuous education initiatives and comprehensive awareness campaigns, especially for our seniors. By strengthening these initiatives, we can equip individuals with the necessary knowledge and skills to navigate the digital landscape safely and confidently. I support the Bill.”
“Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, my fifth clarification concerns dealing with overseas websites and perpetrators. Many malicious websites originate overseas, posing challenges in terms of identifying and holding individuals responsible. It raises the important question of how the relevant agency would know whom to direct a Disabling or Restriction Direction to. Moreover, why should the creators of such sites who are based overseas comply with such Directions? What penalties do they face and what alternatives do we have, if they refuse? Clause 56 of the Bill indicates that individuals committing offences outside Singapore may be dealt with as if the offences were committed wholly within Singapore. However, in cases where extradition is not feasible due to the absence of an extradition treaty or the foreign enforcement agency's inability to apprehend the overseas culprits, what implications do the penalties outlined in the Bill have for individuals who cannot be brought back to Singapore for prosecution? Can the Minister elaborate on the plans and strategies in place to collaborate with foreign counterparts in apprehending these perpetrators and ensuring that they face legal consequences? How does this law also impact on falsehoods or foreign interference by state actors that may seek to destabilise our society? What powers does this law have to act on these powerful and subversive entities? Will this law also have overlaps with FICA or POFMA? In conclusion, Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, this Bill is a critical step in strengthening our legal framework to combat scams and cybercrimes in the digital age. With rapid technology advancements which enable growing sophistication of perpetrators, it is imperative that we remain vigilant and adapt our strategies to stay one step ahead.”
“It would be helpful to understand the time interval between reporting a site and the issuance of any necessary Directions under this Bill. Can the Minister shed light on the timeline or processes involved in evaluating reported sites and initiating the appropriate actions? Swift and timely response is critical in the context of how fast such scams can spread online to minimise the potential harm suffered by unsuspecting individuals. Third, Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, virality and reach play a part in determining the impact of the online content. When considering the issuance of Directions, will MHA take into account factors such as the virality and the reach of social media platforms and websites? It is important to recognise that platforms with a large following or significant potential for virality can pose a greater risk of rapid and widespread harm, even if their content is equally harmful to that of websites with limited reach. Could the Minister provide insights into the considerations when assessing the severity and impact of a malicious site? Fourth, Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, we should address the means by which individuals or entities might attempt to circumvent the bans on accessing malicious sites. While penalties are primarily aimed at non-compliance with Directions, what provisions does the Bill include to address individuals or entities that might modify website addresses or employ other strategies to evade the initial directions? How do we deter residents from using virtual private network (VPN) or other digital means to access these malicious sites which have been banned? It would be beneficial to understand the measures put in place to mitigate such attempts at circumvention and maintain effective control over the identified malicious sites and apps.”
“Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, as we navigate an era of advancing technology and ever-evolving artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities, it is becoming increasingly challenging to detect scams and cybercrimes. Gone are the days when we could rely on simple indicators like poor English or obvious typos. Today, we must remain vigilant and employ more sophisticated means to identify and combat these illicit activities. This Bill serves as a valuable complement to our existing legislation, such as POFMA, FICA and the Broadcasting Act. By incorporating the Online Criminal Harms Bill into our legislative arsenal, we can enhance our ability to safeguard the public from the perils of the digital realm. I would like to raise clarifications on five areas. First, Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, reporting channels must be easily accessible. For this Bill to be successful, people must be willing and know how to come forward to report malicious sites. It is essential to establish clear and accessible avenues for reporting such sites. Can the Minister elaborate on the designated reporting channels? Will the Singapore Cyber Emergency Response Team (SingCERT) or IMDA serve as the primary agency to which these sites can be reported? Furthermore, what measures are being implemented to ensure that residents find it easy to report these sites? Increasing awareness and providing user-friendly reporting mechanisms can encourage more individuals to come forward and contribute to the early detection and prevention of online criminal activities. Second, Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, we need to be quick to take action. In the digital era, given the urgency in preventing more victims from falling prey to scams or misinformation, time is of the essence in taking appropriate action against malicious sites.”
“Thank you, Mr Deputy Speaker. I thank the Senior Parliamentary Secretary for her response. Will MOH consider spearheading and organising a system of micro-jobs at the local community level to encourage caregiving, especially to incentivise retired seniors to take out some of these jobs?”
“Thank you, Mr Deputy Speaker. I thank the Minister for her response. I just have one quick supplementary question. Will the Ministry consider working with the PA to establish haze sanctuaries, like using the Residents' Committees (RCs) or other community features, especially for our seniors who may not have the adequate N95 masks, air purifiers or air-conditioners in their homes?”
“Thank you, Mr Deputy Speaker. I have two supplementary questions for the Minister. First, how have new designs, such as the CCS and fittings, added to the cost of new BTOs? Second, if residents have a choice to install this new cooling system and if many choose not to do so, would this make the CCS sub-optimal and perhaps less cost-effective?”