Todd Young
Senator for Indiana · Republican · United States
“SEC. ___4. NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE PROGRAM. Subsection (b) of section 101 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8811) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)-- (A) by striking ``development'' and inserting ``research, development, and near-, medium-, and long-term demonstration''; and (B) by striking ``information science and te…”
“(b) Responsibilities.--Under the program established under subsection (a), the Under Secretary shall-- (1) provide secure testing of innovations or tools developed to advance the science of biosecurity, biosafety, and responsible biotechnology innovation; (2) foster participation of nongovernmental experts in the development and testing o…”
“SEC. 204. INTERAGENCY COLLABORATION. Not later than 180 days after all nodes of the Network are designated, the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, in cooperation with the Director and participating eligible entities (including institutions of higher education), shall-- (1) develop and promulgate standards to e…”
“``(11) Quantum computing.--The term `quantum computing' means any of a variety of quantum computing technologies, including quantum annealing and quantum gate-model systems that utilize a variety of architectures, such as superconductors, ion traps, photonics, neutral atoms, atomic spin, electron spin, or topological qubits.''; (6) by ame…”
“``(5) Competitive, merit-based review process.--The Director shall award grants under this subsection using a formal, merit-based review process for evaluating applications received by the Director under paragraph (2)(B) that shall-- ``(A) ensure that grants are awarded to the most technically sound and strategically aligned quantum techn…”
“(F) A process, administered by an official of the Department of Commerce designated by the Secretary-- (i) to receive findings from testing conducted in accordance with the standards developed under subsection (c)(4), reports of suspicious orders submitted by covered entities, and related tips and referrals from Federal, State, or local a…”
The complete record
Every one of 447 lines we hold for Todd Young, in date order, each linked to its source. Free to read, in full, without an account. Page 2 of 9.
“(3) By striking the item relating to section 301 and inserting the following new item: ``Sec. 301. Quantum information science, engineering, and technology research and education program.''. (4) By inserting after the item relating to section 302 the following new items: ``Sec. 303. Quantum testbeds. ``Sec. 304. Research security.''. (5) By adding at the end the following new items: ``TITLE V--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION QUANTUM ACTIVITIES ``Sec. 501. Definition of Administrator. ``Sec. 502. Quantum information science, engineering, and technology research for space and aeronautics. ``Sec. 503. National Aeronautics and Space Administration quantum initiatives. ``Sec. 504. Research security. ``Sec. 505. Authorization of appropriations.''. ______”
“7502(a)); (D) identify any relevant responsibilities that should be reassigned to existing programs at the Office of Science and Technology Policy; and (E) minimize duplication and ensure fiscal efficiency in the conclusion of the Program. SEC. ___23. CLERICAL AMENDMENTS. The table of contents in section 1(b) of the National Quantum Initiative Act is amended as follows: (1) By inserting after the item relating to section 105 the following new items: ``Sec. 105A. International Quantum Cooperation Strategy. ``Sec. 106. National quantum prize challenges.''. (2) By inserting after the item relating to section 201 the following new items: ``Sec. 202. National Institute of Standards and Technology Quantum Centers. ``Sec. 203. Research security. ``Sec. 204. Collaboration For Quantum Application Development Acceleration.''.”
“(2) Elements.--The plan presented under paragraph (1) shall-- (A) ensure minimal disruption to ongoing federally funded research and development activities; (B) ensure transfer or reassignment of nanotechnology research infrastructure programs and facilities to minimize disruption of researcher access to critical tools that support other national priorities; (C) provide for the orderly disposition or transfer of active grants, contracts, and personnel associated with the National Nanotechnology Coordination Office established under section 3(a) of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act (15 U.S.C.”
“(b) Wind-down.--The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall take such actions as may be necessary to terminate and wind down the Program before the date specified in subsection (a). (c) Plan and Briefing.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall provide to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a briefing in which the Director shall present a plan on how the Director will carry out subsection (b).”
“(e) Quinquennial Updates.--Not later than 5 years after the date on which the Director completes the review and assessment required by subsection (b), and every 5 years thereafter, the Director shall update the review and assessment required by subsection (b) and submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated report detailing the findings and recommendations of the Director. SEC. ___22. SUNSET OF NATIONAL NANOTECHNOLOGY PROGRAM. (a) Sunset of National Nanotechnology Program.--The National Nanotechnology Program (in this section referred to as the ``Program'') and the authorities and requirements of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act (15 U.S.C. 7501 et seq.) are terminated on the date that is 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.”
“(5) Recommended actions to harmonize regulatory requirements relating to quantum information science, engineering, and technology across Federal agencies where inconsistencies exist. (d) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on which the Director completes the review and assessment required by subsection (b), the Director shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report detailing the findings and recommendations described in subsection (c).”
“(c) Elements.--The review and assessment conducted pursuant to subsection (b) shall include the following: (1) An inventory of existing Federal regulations, policies, and guidance documents that are applicable to quantum information science, engineering, and technology. (2) An analysis of whether regulations, policies, and guidance inventoried pursuant to paragraph (1) impose undue burdens on academic, private sector, or government-led quantum information science, engineering, and technology research or development. (3) Recommendations to modernize, streamline, or eliminate duplicative or outdated regulatory barriers identified pursuant to subsection (b). (4) Input from stakeholders across industry, academia, and the National Laboratories with respect to such regulatory barriers.”
“(2) Quantum information science, engineering, and technology.--The term ``quantum information science, engineering, and technology'' has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801), as amended by section [___2] of this Act. (b) Review and Assessment Required.--Not later than 540 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall, in coordination with the National Quantum Coordination Office, conduct a review to identify and assess any existing or potential regulatory barriers that inhibit research, development, deployment, or scaling of quantum information science, engineering, and technology.”
“(c) Report.--Not later than 180 days after completing the review under subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a report on the findings of the review, which shall include recommendations relating to paragraphs (1) and (2) of such subsection. SEC. ___21. REVIEW OF REGULATORY BARRIERS TO QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT. (a) Definitions.--In this section: (1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801).”
“8801 et seq.) to identify potential opportunities-- (1) to reduce duplicative and unnecessary paperwork and reporting requirements without compromising security, transparency, and accountability; and (2) to expedite access to facilities and equipment of the Federal Government for researchers affiliated with such programs. (b) Research and Development Programs Covered.--The review required under subsection (a) shall cover all research and development programs established pursuant to sections 201, 302, 402, 403, and 404 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8831, 8842, 8852, 8853, and 8854).”
“Amounts made available to carry out this title shall be derived from amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.''. SEC. ___20. COMPTROLLER GENERAL REVIEW AND REPORT. (a) Review.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the [[Page S3899]] Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a review of existing processes and reporting requirements associated with research and development programs established within the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the National Science Foundation, and the Department of Energy pursuant to the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C.”
“``(3) Termination.--Consistent with the authorities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Administrator may terminate the initiative for cause during the performance period. ``SEC. 504. RESEARCH SECURITY. ``The activities authorized under this title shall be carried out in a manner consistent with-- ``(1) subtitle D of title VI of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 19231 et seq.); and ``(2) section 6432 of the Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 (42 U.S.C. 7144b note; Public Law 118-159). ``SEC. 505. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. ``The Administrator shall allocate up to $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 through 2030 to carry out this title, subject to the availability of appropriations.”
“``(d) Initiative Requirements.--To the maximum extent practicable, an initiative established under this section shall serve the needs of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for the benefit of the broader United States quantum information science community, for the purpose of advancing space and aeronautics applications in quantum information science, engineering, and technology, and improving the competitiveness of the United States. ``(e) Initiative Selection and Duration.-- ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of appropriations, an initiative established under this section may carry out activities for a period of 5 years. ``(2) Reapplication.--Subject to the availability of appropriations, an awardee may reapply for an additional subsequent period of 5 years following a successful merit- based review.”
“``(6) Commercial technology.--An initiative established under this section may leverage commercially available hardware and software to carry out the activities described in subsection (c). ``(c) Initiative Activities.--An initiative established under this section may carry out activities that-- ``(1) support research focused on developing and demonstrating space, aeronautics, and exploration applications for quantum information science, engineering, and technology, including research relating to the strategy developed under section 502(c); and ``(2) support quantum information science, engineering, and technology education and public outreach.”
“``(4) Collaborations.--A collaboration that receives an award under this section may include multiple types of research institutions, including institutions of higher education, private sector entities, and nonprofit organizations. ``(5) Coordination and accountability.--The Administrator shall ensure that an awardee under this section-- ``(A) coordinates with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, including by identifying personnel designated to serve as program liaisons for technical and programmatic oversight; and ``(B) avoids unnecessary duplication of existing activities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, other activities carried out under the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026 or the amendments made by that Act, and other related programs.”
“``(2) Application requirements.--An applicant under this section shall submit to the Administrator an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such technical, programmatic, and budgetary information as the Administrator determines necessary to evaluate the application through the review process developed under paragraph (1). ``(3) Eligible applicants.--In carrying out the process under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall consider applications from institutions of higher education, research centers, multi-institutional collaborations, and any other entity the Administrator considers appropriate.”
“``(B) Criteria.--The process established under subparagraph (A) shall be designed-- ``(i) to ensure taxpayer dollars are directed to the most technically sound and strategically aligned quantum technology proposals; ``(ii) to prioritize applications that demonstrate strong potential to enhance United States leadership in space-based quantum applications, including sensing, navigation, communications, simulation, and computing; ``(iii) to support initiatives that align with the strategic goals of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and avoid unnecessary duplication of efforts led by other Federal agencies; ``(iv) to facilitate a competitive, transparent, and objective selection process using qualified subject-matter experts; and ``(v) to include appropriate consideration of project feasibility, cost-effectiveness, technological maturity, and risk mitigation.”
“``(b) Initiative Details.-- ``(1) Merit-based review process.-- ``(A) In general.--The Administrator shall develop and implement a formal, merit-based review process for evaluating proposals, applications, and initiatives submitted to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration with respect to the research, development, or deployment of quantum technologies with potential relevance to the civil space and aeronautics missions of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.”
“``(d) Consultation.--In developing the strategy described in subsection (c), the Administrator may seek input from relevant external stakeholders, including institutions of higher education, industry, and nonprofit research organizations. ``SEC. 503. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION QUANTUM INITIATIVES. ``(a) In General.--Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Administrator, in consultation with the heads of other Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate, may establish one or more initiatives focused on space and aeronautics applications of quantum information science, engineering, and technology.”
“The strategy shall identify resources required to support implementation of the strategy, including budgets, workforce, and infrastructure, describe cooperative efforts with other Federal Government agencies, and address areas of research and applications, including the following: ``(1) Quantum sensing. ``(2) Quantum networking. ``(3) Quantum communications, including quantum satellite communications. ``(4) Quantum computing. ``(5) Science, aeronautics, and exploration-related applications. ``(6) Any other area of quantum information, science, engineering, and technology that furthers the mission of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and is consistent with the purposes of this Act, as the Administrator considers appropriate.”
“``(a) In General.--The Administrator is authorized to carry out research on quantum information science, engineering, and technology. ``(b) Cooperation.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Administrator-- ``(1) shall consider cooperative arrangements with the Department of Energy and other Federal Government agencies, as practicable, on areas of shared benefit; and ``(2) may enter into memoranda of understanding or memoranda of agreement to establish such cooperative arrangements. ``(c) Strategy.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this title, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a strategy for National Aeronautics and Space Administration research on quantum information science, engineering, and technology.”
“7403) is amended by inserting ``, including post-quantum cryptography (as such term is defined in section 3 of the Quantum Computing Cybersecurity Preparedness Act (6 U.S.C. 1526 note; Public Law 117-260))'' before the semicolon. SEC. ___19. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION QUANTUM ACTIVITIES. (a) In General.--The National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new title: ``TITLE V--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION QUANTUM ACTIVITIES ``SEC. 501. DEFINITION OF ADMINISTRATOR. ``In this title, the term `Administrator' means the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. ``SEC. 502. QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH FOR SPACE AND AERONAUTICS.”
“``(b) Review of Visitors and Assignees From Countries of Risk.--The Director of the National Science Foundation shall establish policies and procedures to assess and screen visitors and assignees to National Science Foundation- supported facilities that are similar, to the extent practicable, to the policies and procedures regarding visitors and assignees to the National Laboratories that were established in accordance with section 6432 of the Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 (42 U.S.C. 7144b note).''. SEC. ___18. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION CRYPTOGRAPHY RESEARCH. Section 4(a)(1)(A) of the Cyber Security Research and Development Act (15 U.S.C.”
“``(h) Stakeholder Collaboration.--In carrying out this section, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall collaborate with the Quantum Consortium established pursuant to section 201(b) to accomplish the purposes of the quantum testbeds program described in subsection (b) and ensure there is strong collaboration with industry stakeholders. The Director may also engage with National Laboratories, federally funded research and development centers, industry, and other members of the United States quantum ecosystem. ``SEC. 304. RESEARCH SECURITY. ``(a) Research Security.--The activities authorized under this title shall be carried out in a manner consistent with subtitle D of title VI of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 19231 et seq.).”
“``(g) Coordination.--In supporting quantum testbeds established under this section, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall ensure coordination with other testbeds and other quantum facilities hosting Federal quantum technology and infrastructure supported by the National Science Foundation, including those testbeds and facilities authorized pursuant to section 10390 of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 19110), or by other Federal agencies as [[Page S3898]] determined appropriate by the Director, to avoid duplication and maximize use of Federal resources.”
“``(2) Partnering with other Federal agencies to enable opportunities for quantum testbed outcomes to be transitioned to such agencies in alignment with the missions of such agencies. ``(3) Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026 and every 2 years thereafter until December 31, 2030, briefing the appropriate committees of Congress on the status of such quantum testbeds and providing recommendations for improving such quantum testbeds.”
“``(e) Prioritization.--In awarding grants under this section, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall prioritize the following: ``(1) Applicants that ensure that not less than 25 percent of the cost for a quantum testbed established under this section is provided by private or non-Federal entities, including through in-kind contributions. ``(2) Awards for consortia that include quantum industry participation. ``(3) Applicants that demonstrate a plan for transitioning quantum testbed outcomes, including through partnerships with industry or Federal agency end-users. ``(f) Roles and Responsibilities.--The Director of the National Science Foundation shall be responsible for the following: ``(1) Maintaining a record of notable outcomes from each quantum testbed established under this section.”
“``(d) Competitive, Merit-based Review Process.--The Director of the National Science Foundation shall select applications submitted under subsection (c) for awards using a formal merit-based review process that shall-- ``(1) ensure that applications selected are the most technically sound and strategically aligned; ``(2) prioritize applications that demonstrate strong potential to enhance United States leadership in quantum applications; ``(3) support initiatives that align with the strategic goals of the National Science Foundation while avoiding unnecessary duplication of efforts led by other Federal agencies; ``(4) facilitate a competitive, transparent, and objective selection process, utilizing qualified subject-matter experts; and ``(5) include appropriate consideration of application feasibility, cost-effectiveness, technological maturity, and risk mitigation.”
“``(5) How the applicant will protect any research or advancements made as a result of using the quantum testbed. ``(6) How the applicant will facilitate transition of testbed outcomes to subsequent development stages, including real-world applications or agency use.”
“``(c) Applications.--An applicant for an award under this section shall submit to the Director of the National Science Foundation an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Director determines to be necessary to evaluate the application using the criteria described in subsection (d). The application shall, at a minimum, describe the following: ``(1) How the applicant will assemble a workforce with the skills needed to operate a quantum testbed. ``(2) How the applicant will ensure broad access to a quantum testbed, including for start-ups and research institutions. ``(3) How a quantum testbed will operate after Federal funding has ended. ``(4) How the applicant will contribute to the quantum testbed, such as through funding or other resources required to develop quantum applications.”
“``(b) Purposes.--The quantum testbeds established under subsection (a) shall focus on advancing early-stage quantum research toward validated and deployable quantum applications, as determined by the Director of the National Science Foundation, through proof-of-concept testing, demonstrations, pilot projects, benchmarking, and prototyping, by-- ``(1) supporting translational quantum research and development activities for quantum application use cases, including, for testbeds featuring quantum software and quantum algorithms driving toward utility, leveraging approaches such as algorithm innovation and tools such as resource estimators; ``(2) providing accessible research resources for developing, testing, and benchmarking the application of quantum technologies to likely use cases, including enabling quantum cloud access; ``(3) investing in quantum computing technologies that show promise for viability, including directing funding to advance each layer of the stack and related systems engineering and integration; ``(4) demonstrating feasibility and establishing cost and benefit to facilitate transition to real-world applications or agency adoption; and ``(5) supporting the co-location of quantum instrumentation, fabrication, and enabling technologies within testbeds and affiliated user-access facilities to enable rapid prototyping, iteration, and scale-up for industry.”
“``(a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026, the Director of the National Science Foundation, in coordination with the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Secretary of Energy, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the heads of other Federal agencies, as determined appropriate by the Director of the National Science Foundation, shall make awards on a competitive, merit-based review basis to institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, federally funded research and development centers, or consortia thereof, to establish testbeds focused on quantum applications.”
“``(h) Briefing Requirements.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026, and not less frequently than annually thereafter, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall brief the appropriate committees of Congress on current and planned activities under this section. Each briefing shall include-- ``(1) an assessment of how each Center is progressing toward the goal of self-sustainability described in subsection (d)(2)(E); and ``(2) a summary of the most recent reports submitted by the Centers regarding such progress in accordance with subsection (d)(2)(H).''. SEC. ___17. QUANTUM TESTBEDS; RESEARCH SECURITY. Title III of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8841 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``SEC. 303. QUANTUM TESTBEDS.”
“3722a) that have a primary focus on quantum information science, engineering, and technology. ``(2) Consultation.--Consultation under paragraph (1) may include discussion of-- ``(A) opportunities to align Federal research priorities with the research, development, technology translation, and workforce development activities of the designated regional technology and innovation hubs; and ``(B) opportunities for researcher exchange programs and sharing of facilities between the centers and the hubs. ``(3) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection shall be construed-- ``(A) to transfer the ownership or administrative control of any research facility; or ``(B) to alter the existing authorities or mission-related responsibilities of the Federal agencies, companies, or institutions that own or operate such facilities.”
“8842) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``5'' and inserting ``8''; (2) in subsection (c)-- (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``science and engineering'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and engineering'' and inserting ``, engineering, and technology, including leveraging or expanding activities established pursuant to section 301(d)''; [[Page S3897]] (C) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``, such as commercially available hardware and software'' after ``resources''; and (D) by adding at the end the following: ``(4) supporting research and development in enabling fields essential to the advancement of quantum information science, engineering, and technology, including materials science, fabrication science, and physics; ``(5) encouraging the establishment of multidisciplinary quantum research and education centers that leverage existing domestic infrastructure, including data centers and communications networks, to support the demonstration and field application of quantum technologies; and ``(6) promoting partnerships with industry to accelerate technology transfer and support domestic quantum innovation.''; (3) in subsection (d)(2)-- (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``quantum science,'' and inserting ``quantum information science, engineering, and technology,''; (B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``biotechnology,'' after ``chemistry,''; (C) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (D) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period and inserting a semicolon; and (E) by adding at the end the following: ``(F) how the Center will participate in international collaborations, as appropriate, to build a trusted global research network with allies and partners of the United States and other countries that share values with the United States; ``(G) how the Center will protect research from foreign countries of concern and foreign entities of concern, and the subsidiaries of such foreign entities, to ensure the competitiveness of the United States; and ``(H) how the Center will regularly assess and report on progress toward achieving self-sustainability, including metrics, milestones, and a timeline for meeting the long-term goal described in subparagraph (E).''; (4) in subsection (e), by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following: ``(2) Reapplication.--An awardee may reapply for an additional subsequent period of 5 years following a successful merit-based review.''; (5) in subsection (f), by striking ``2019 through 2023'' and inserting ``2026 through 2030''; and (6) by adding at the end the following: ``(g) Consultation With Regional Technology and Innovation Hubs.-- ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the activities of the Multidisciplinary Centers for Quantum Research and Education under this section, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall consult with the Secretary of Commerce regarding opportunities for such centers to engage in research and development activities with regional technology and innovation hubs designated under section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C.”
“``(3) Requirements.--An institution of higher education or an eligible nonprofit organization (or a consortium thereof) seeking funding under this subsection shall submit to the Director of the National Science Foundation an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Director may require.''. SEC. ___16. MULTIDISCIPLINARY CENTERS FOR QUANTUM RESEARCH AND EDUCATION. Section 302 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C.”
“``(B) Enhancing access to equipment and instrumentation, including at partnering institutions, by facilitating information sharing, coordination, education, and training, including activities that provide meaningful hands-on learning experiences for students, including at community and technical colleges. ``(C) Enabling professional staff to support the operation, scheduling, and improvement of research resources used for quantum information science, engineering, and technology. ``(D) Expanding access for industry to quantum research infrastructure by prioritizing the placement of equipment and instrumentation in user-access facilities that support rapid iteration, including regional technology hubs, industry parks, co-locations operated by institutions of higher education and industry, and private sector testbeds.”
“``(2) Purpose.--Grants under paragraph (1) shall be used to facilitate quantum information science, engineering, and technology research and development, including by carrying out the following: ``(A) Upgrading or adding research resources to-- ``(i) accelerate the development of quantum technologies, including capabilities focused on addressing the roadblocks to implementation; and ``(ii) meet the materials, advanced materials development, high-performance computing, heterogeneous computing, networking, software, data, clean room, and device needs of the scientific community and the quantum supply chain.”
“``(f) Upgrading and Improving Access to Quantum Research Resources.-- ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the activities described in this section, the Director of the National Science Foundation, in consultation with the heads of other Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate, shall award grants to institutions of higher education or eligible nonprofit organizations (or consortia thereof) to upgrade research facilities and improve access to research resources, such as equipment and instrumentation, that is needed for research and development in quantum information science, engineering, and technology.”
“``(4) Restrictions.-- ``(A) Confucius institutes.--None of the funds made available under this subsection may be obligated or expended to an institution of higher education that maintains a contract or agreement between such institution and a Confucius Institute, as defined in section 10339A of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 19039) or any successor of a Confucius Institute. ``(B) Foreign country of concern and foreign entity of concern.--None of the funds made available under this subsection may be obligated or expended to promote, establish, or finance quantum research activities between a United States entity and a foreign country of concern or foreign entity of concern, including the entity's subsidiaries.”
“``(2) Alignment.--In carrying out this subsection, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall ensure alignment with the national strategy for quantum information science in accordance with Executive Order 14073 (87 Fed. Reg. 27909; relating to enhancing the National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee) or successor strategies. ``(3) Priority.--The Director shall prioritize research programs with countries that have signed a quantum cooperation statement with the United States.”
“``(5) Partnerships.--In carrying out the activities under this subsection, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall encourage recipients of awards under this subsection to partner with relevant Federal agencies, Federal laboratories, industry and other private sector organizations, and nonprofit organizations to facilitate the expansion of workforce pathways and hands-on learning experiences.''; (5) in subsection (d)-- (A) in the subsection heading, by striking ``QISE'' and inserting ``QISET''; (B) in paragraph (1)-- (i) by striking ``information science and engineering (referred to in this subsection as `QISE')'' and inserting ``information science, engineering, and technology (referred to in this subsection as `QISET')''; (ii) by striking ``at all education levels, including community colleges'' and inserting ``at appropriate education levels, including community colleges and career and technical education entities''; (C) in paragraph (2)-- (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``QISE'' and inserting ``quantum information science, engineering, and technology''; (ii) by striking subparagraph (C); (iii) by redesignating subparagraphs (D) and (E) as subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively; (iv) in subparagraph (C), as so redesignated-- (I) by inserting ``, engineering, and technology'' after ``science''; and (II) by inserting ``, including those principles relevant to emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, microelectronics, and nanotechnology'' after ``fields''; and (v) by inserting after subparagraph (D), as so redesignated, the following: ``(E) Methods to introduce security dimensions associated with quantum information science, engineering, and technology into STEM curricula.''; (D) in paragraph (3), by striking ``QISE'' and inserting ``quantum information science, engineering, and technology''; and (E) by striking paragraph (4); and (6) by adding at the end the following: ``(e) International Research on Quantum Information Science, Engineering, and Technology.-- ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Science Foundation, in coordination with the Secretary of State and the heads of other Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall support international quantum information science, engineering, and technology research, as appropriate, to enhance international cooperation and meet United States commitments, including as part of the terms and conditions of bilateral or multilateral quantum information science, engineering, and technology research agreements.”
“``(4) Cooperative education programs.--The Director of the National Science Foundation, in consultation with heads of Federal agencies the Director considers appropriate, may establish, or use existing, programs to support cooperative education programs between institutions of higher education and employers that increase opportunities for undergraduate students to acquire experiential learning and professional experiences in quantum information science, engineering, and technology.”
“The Director of the National Science Foundation may prioritize fellowships that include an industry partner that provides financial assistance to awardees for direct or indirect costs. ``(3) Quantum research experiences for undergraduates.--The Director of the National Science Foundation shall seek to increase opportunities for quantum research for undergraduate students by encouraging proposals in quantum information science, engineering, and technology, through the research experiences for undergraduates provided under section 514 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-6).”
“``(C) Considerations.--Eligible fellowships and scholarship programs under this paragraph may include temporary quantum- related positions at Federal or State agencies, National Laboratories, private sector entities, institutions of higher education, the quantum centers established under section 202, the Multidisciplinary Centers for Quantum Research and Education established under section 302, the National Quantum Information Science Research Centers established under section 402, and the initiatives established under section 503, or other quantum-relevant entities, as determined appropriate by the Director. ``(D) Competitive awards.--Fellowships and scholarships awarded under this paragraph shall be competitively awarded through a merit-based review process.”
“``(B) Requirements.--An eligible participant in the fellowship and scholarship program under this paragraph shall-- ``(i) be enrolled in or have graduated from a STEM degree program at an institution of higher education within the United States; and ``(ii) have demonstrated interest in quantum information science, engineering, and technology, such as by taking not less than 1 quantum science or quantum-relevant course as part of the participant's degree program or by participating in a summer school program that focuses on quantum information science, engineering, and technology.”
“``(2) Quantum fellowships and scholarships.-- ``(A) In general.--The Director of the National Science Foundation, in consultation with heads of Federal agencies as the Director considers appropriate, may use existing programs to support fellowships and scholarships for students at institutions of higher education for the purpose of-- ``(i) increasing quantum information science, engineering, and technology exposure for undergraduate and graduate STEM students; and ``(ii) increasing postgraduation employment opportunities for STEM students who demonstrate potential to pursue careers in quantum information science, engineering, and technology.”
“8841) is amended-- (1) in the section heading, by inserting ``, engineering, and technology'' after ``science''; (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``science and engineering'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (3) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (1)-- (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``science and engineering'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and (ii) in subparagraph (B)-- (I) by striking ``human resources'' and inserting ``education and workforce''; and (II) by striking ``science and engineering'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and (B) in paragraph (2)-- (i) in subparagraph (A)-- (I) in clause (i)-- (aa) by striking ``science and engineering'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and (bb) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (II) in clause (ii), by inserting ``and'' after the semicolon; and (III) by adding at the end the following: ``(iii) to pursue research at the frontiers of quantum information science, engineering, and technology, and explore solutions to important challenges for the development and application of quantum technologies;''; (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``science and engineering'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and (iii) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``science and engineering'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (4) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following: ``(c) Student Traineeships, Fellowships, and Other Models.-- ``(1) Quantum traineeships.--The Director of the National Science Foundation, in consultation with heads of Federal agencies as the Director considers appropriate, may use existing programs to make awards to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia thereof)-- ``(A) to provide traineeships to graduate students at institutions of higher education within the United States who are citizens of [[Page S3896]] the United States and who choose or plan to pursue master or doctoral degrees in quantum information science, engineering, and technology, or related fields; and ``(B) to provide such graduate students with opportunities for research experiences in government or industry related to such students' quantum studies.”
“(d) Report to Congress.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress a report describing the findings of the Director with respect to the study conducted under subsection (b). SEC. ___15. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE RESEARCH AND EDUCATION ACTIVITIES. Section 301 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C.”
“(c) Considerations.--In conducting the study under subsection (b), the Director shall, to the maximum extent practicable-- (1) determine the manufacturing capabilities necessary to produce reliable quantum components and systems at scale and identify gaps in access to such capabilities and limited domestic sources; (2) evaluate the extent to which such capabilities and gaps are already addressed, or could reasonably be addressed, by private industry, existing Manufacturing USA institutes, or other Federal programs; (3) evaluate existing Federal and non-Federal efforts relating to quantum computing, quantum sensing, and quantum networking to determine whether any proposed Manufacturing USA institute would duplicate or overlap with ongoing activities; (4) evaluate whether and to what extent barriers to technology development and transition, including those associated with moving from early-stage research to scaled production, are persistent and not already being addressed through private sector investment or existing Federal programs; (5) evaluate the feasibility of supporting domestic activities that include the capability to design, fabricate, and test materials, devices, structures, and manufacturing processes for quantum technologies or systems; (6) evaluate the full lifecycle costs of establishing, operating, and sustaining a Manufacturing USA institute for quantum manufacturing, including long-term Federal funding requirements, administrative costs, and risks of cost escalation; (7) evaluate alternative approaches, including leveraging existing Manufacturing USA institutes, targeted competitive grants, public-private partnerships, or other mechanisms that may more efficiently address identified barriers to technology development and transition; and (8) evaluate the estimated economic impact associated with the establishment of a Manufacturing USA institute described in subsection (b), including impacts on regional economies, suppliers, and job growth.”