Todd Young
Senator for Indiana · Republican · United States
“SEC. ___4. NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE PROGRAM. Subsection (b) of section 101 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8811) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)-- (A) by striking ``development'' and inserting ``research, development, and near-, medium-, and long-term demonstration''; and (B) by striking ``information science and te…”
“(b) Responsibilities.--Under the program established under subsection (a), the Under Secretary shall-- (1) provide secure testing of innovations or tools developed to advance the science of biosecurity, biosafety, and responsible biotechnology innovation; (2) foster participation of nongovernmental experts in the development and testing o…”
“SEC. 204. INTERAGENCY COLLABORATION. Not later than 180 days after all nodes of the Network are designated, the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, in cooperation with the Director and participating eligible entities (including institutions of higher education), shall-- (1) develop and promulgate standards to e…”
“``(11) Quantum computing.--The term `quantum computing' means any of a variety of quantum computing technologies, including quantum annealing and quantum gate-model systems that utilize a variety of architectures, such as superconductors, ion traps, photonics, neutral atoms, atomic spin, electron spin, or topological qubits.''; (6) by ame…”
“``(5) Competitive, merit-based review process.--The Director shall award grants under this subsection using a formal, merit-based review process for evaluating applications received by the Director under paragraph (2)(B) that shall-- ``(A) ensure that grants are awarded to the most technically sound and strategically aligned quantum techn…”
“(F) A process, administered by an official of the Department of Commerce designated by the Secretary-- (i) to receive findings from testing conducted in accordance with the standards developed under subsection (c)(4), reports of suspicious orders submitted by covered entities, and related tips and referrals from Federal, State, or local a…”
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“Government National Standards Strategy for Critical and Emerging Technology, or successor strategies. ``(3) Prohibitions.-- ``(A) Confucius institutes.--None of the funds made available under this subsection may be obligated or expended to an institution of higher education that maintains a contract or agreement between such institution and a Confucius Institute (as defined in section 10339A of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 19039)) or any successor of a Confucius Institute.”
“``(d) International Quantum Research and Metrology.-- ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall, in coordination with the Secretary of State and the Director of the National Science Foundation, promote, establish, and support international quantum information science, engineering, and technology research, metrology research, and standardization, as appropriate, to enhance international cooperation, meet United States commitments, and support United States engagement in international voluntary standards for quantum information science, engineering, and technology. ``(2) Alignment.--In carrying out this section, the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall ensure alignment with the National Quantum Information Science Strategy and the U.S.”
“``(4) Plan to strengthen and secure quantum supply chains.--Not later than 3 years after the date of the enactment of the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026, the Secretary of Commerce shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a plan identifying opportunities to strengthen supply chains and build capacity.”
“``(3) Recommendations for avoiding shocks to quantum supply chains.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026, the Secretary of Commerce shall, in coordination with the Secretary of Energy, the Director of the National Science Foundation, the Secretary of Defense, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Administrator of the Small Business Administration, and the heads of such other Federal agencies as the Secretary of Commerce considers relevant, develop and submit to the appropriate committees of Congress specific recommendations for actions to mitigate harm to quantum supply chains from a supply chain shock.”
“``(2) Study on critical quantum supply chains.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026, the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of Energy shall jointly-- ``(A) complete a study documenting the critical quantum supply chains and identified high-priority gaps and vulnerabilities; and ``(B) submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the findings with respect to the study completed pursuant to subparagraph (A).”
“``(B) Identify current and future high-priority gaps and vulnerabilities in quantum supply chains, such as-- ``(i) single points of failure, sole source, consolidated manufacturing, or where there are limited United States and partner national suppliers; and ``(ii) critical components, elements, materials, equipment, and infrastructure. ``(C) Identify potential supply chain shocks to the quantum supply chain that may disrupt, strain, or eliminate the supply chain.”
“1526 note; Public Law 117-260)), and practices to replace cryptographic keys or algorithms with minimal disruption to current applications and systems;''; (D) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows: ``(4) shall carry out research, development, and demonstration projects, as appropriate, to facilitate the development of quantum applications, including research on quantum supply chain-enabling technologies, such as lasers, cryogenics, and other supporting technologies;''; (E) by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6), and (7) as paragraphs (7), (8), and (9), respectively; (F) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following: ``(5) shall promote United States participation in international standards organizations related to quantum information science, engineering, and technology; ``(6) shall establish or expand partnerships with the public sector and private sector-- ``(A) to accelerate the development of domestic quantum supply chain and supply chain-supporting technologies; ``(B) to reduce quantum supply chain vulnerabilities; and ``(C) to avoid offshoring to, or dependence on, foreign countries of concern for critical components of capabilities in the quantum supply chain;''; (G) in paragraph (7), as so redesignated, by striking ``infrastructure'' and inserting ``, communications, sensing, and computing''; and (H) in paragraph (8), as so redesignated-- (i) by inserting ``nonprofit research organizations,'' after ``universities,''; and (ii) by striking ``and engineering'' and inserting ``, engineering, and technology and expanding the domestic STEM workforce''; (2) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (1)-- (i) by striking ``future measurement'' and inserting ``research, measurement''; and (ii) by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (B) in paragraph (2)-- (i) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as follows: ``(A) to gather and assess information on the quantum industry to address the needs identified in paragraph (1);''; and (ii) by striking subparagraphs (B) and (C) and inserting the following new subparagraphs: ``(B) to provide recommendations regarding how the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Program, and other Federal agencies, as appropriate, can address the gaps in the research necessary to meet the needs identified in paragraph (1); and ``(C) to assess and identify key areas for establishing, expanding, or developing international partnerships that will meet the needs identified in paragraph (1).''; (C) in paragraph (3)-- (i) by striking ``Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the'' and inserting ``The''; and (ii) by inserting ``periodically, but not less frequently than once every five years,'' after ``shall''; and (D) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: ``(4) Sense of congress on coordination.--It is the sense of Congress that, as may be appropriate, Federal agencies that are involved in the transition or translation of research results to practical quantum applications or that have a mission that could benefit from the development of quantum technologies, should engage with the consortium to inform and accelerate progress in such areas.''; and (3) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following new subsections: ``(c) Quantum Supply Chains.-- ``(1) Mapping and planning.--The Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Analysis shall carry out the following activities: [[Page S2947]] ``(A) Assess, map, and model supply chains for quantum networking, quantum computing, quantum communications, quantum simulation, and quantum sensing technologies and applications.”
“NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY ACTIVITIES AND QUANTUM CONSORTIUM. Section 201 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8831) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)-- (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (B) in paragraph (2)-- (i) by inserting ``attract, educate, and'' before ``train''; and (ii) by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (C) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows: ``(3) shall carry out research to facilitate the development and standardization, as appropriate, of quantum cryptography, post-quantum cryptography (as such term is defined in section 3 of the Quantum Computing Cybersecurity Preparedness Act (6 U.S.C.”
“``(d) Recommendations.--To assist in the administration of this section, the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science may provide recommendations on key challenges in quantum information science, engineering, and technology that would be well suited for a prize competition under subsection (a). The recommendations shall include a scope for efforts carried out under such subsection.''. SEC. ___11. SUNSET OF NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE. Subsection (a) of section 107 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8815), as redesignated by section [___10], is amended to read as follows: ``(a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), the authority to carry out sections 101, 102, 103, 104, and 105 shall terminate on December 30, 2034.''. SEC. ___12.”
“``(b) Purpose.--Any prize competition carried out under subsection (a) shall be for the purpose of stimulating innovation to advance the ability of the United States to achieve high-priority breakthroughs for applications in quantum information science, engineering, and technology, such as in quantum computing, quantum sensing, quantum communications, quantum networking, quantum algorithms, and quantum cryptography. ``(c) Coordination With Subcommittees.--Each prize competition conducted under subsection (a) may be conducted in coordination with members of the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science and the Subcommittee on the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Information Science.”
“3719), or such other prize competition authority as may be available to the head of an agency, to accelerate the development of applications and algorithms in quantum information science, engineering, and technology; and ``(2) define a measurable set of performance goals for participants in the prize competitions to demonstrate their solutions on a level playing field while making a significant advancement over the current state of the art.”
“``(a) In General.--Subject to the availability of appropriations, any head of a Federal agency with a representative serving on the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science established under section 103 may, individually or in cooperation with one or more heads of Federal agencies-- ``(1) conduct a prize competition under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C.”
“``(d) Briefing.--Not later than 30 days after the date on which the Strategy is completed, the Director shall brief the committees specified in subsection (a) on the Strategy.''. SEC. ___10. PRIZE CHALLENGES. The National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801 et seq.) is amended-- (1) by redesignating section 106 as section 107; and (2) by inserting after section 105A, as added by section [___9], the following: ``SEC. 106. NATIONAL QUANTUM PRIZE CHALLENGES.”
“``(6) The ability and risks of domestic manufacturers and suppliers and those of allies and partners of the United States to meet the needs of the global quantum supply chain, including raw materials such as helium-3, plans for engagement with allies and partners, manufacturers, and suppliers, and options to mitigate gaps and vulnerabilities in the global quantum supply chain. ``(7) A plan to safeguard research and technology supported through international cooperation, as appropriate, in whole or in part, including in quantum technologies critical to national security, from malign influence, theft, or exfiltration by foreign entities of concern. ``(8) As necessary, a description of such legislative or administrative action as is needed to carry out the Strategy.”
“``(2) Key strategic allies and partners of the United States that have demonstrated unique capabilities in one or more areas of quantum information science, engineering, and technology. ``(3) Efforts and plans to address risks to the national security and economic interests of the United States during development and deployment of quantum technologies worldwide, including plans for diplomatic engagement with allies and partners, and other countries. ``(4) Efforts and plans to promote global development and deployment of quantum technologies, including through international engagement and leadership in the development of international standards that are aligned with United States national interests. ``(5) Efforts and plans to develop, attract, and retain international talent.”
“``(b) Designation.--The strategy developed under subsection (a) shall be known as the `International Quantum Cooperation Strategy' (in this section referred to as the `Strategy'). ``(c) Elements.--In the development of the Strategy, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the National Quantum Coordination Office, the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science, the Subcommittee on the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Information Science, and the relevant agencies shall consider including the following: ``(1) The establishment of international partnerships to advance research and development in quantum information science, engineering, and technology.”
“``(a) Strategy Required.--Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this section, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Energy, the Director of the National Science Foundation, the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the heads of other Federal agencies, as appropriate, develop and submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a strategy-- ``(1) to establish collaborative international partnerships to advance research and development, testing and evaluation, and interoperability in quantum information science, engineering, and technology with allies and partners of the United States, and other countries, when in the security, strategic, technological, and scientific interests of the United States; ``(2) to ensure continued participation by the United States in bilateral and multilateral efforts to advance quantum information science, engineering, and technology on the [[Page S2946]] international stage, including programs to advance research and development, testing and evaluation, and interoperability in quantum information science, engineering, and technology with allies and partners of the United States; ``(3) to promote the integrity and impartiality of international standards organizations and processes related to quantum information science, engineering, and technology; and ``(4) to ensure responsible and ethical research and development, testing and evaluation, and interoperability in quantum information science, engineering, and technology.”
“SEC. ___9. INTERNATIONAL QUANTUM COOPERATION STRATEGY. The National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 105 the following new section: ``SEC. 105A. INTERNATIONAL QUANTUM COOPERATION STRATEGY.”
“8814a) is amended-- (1) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (10), by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (B) by redesignating paragraph (11) as paragraph (12); and (C) by inserting after paragraph (10) the following: ``(11) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; and''; and (2) in subsection (c)-- (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``information science'' and inserting ``information science, engineering, and technology''; (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``or to supply chains'' before the semicolon; (C) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``or supply chains'' before the semicolon; (D) in paragraph (5)-- (i) by inserting ``, engineering, and technology'' after ``quantum information science''; and (ii) by inserting ``any'' before ``export controls''; (E) in paragraph (6), by striking ``information science'' and inserting ``information science, engineering, and technology''; (F) in paragraph (7), by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (G) in paragraph (8)-- (i) by striking ``information science'' and inserting ``information science, engineering, and technology''; and (ii) by striking the period and inserting a semicolon; and (H) by adding at the end the following: ``(9) in coordination with the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science, identify opportunities to increase coordination between civilian, military, and intelligence quantum research entities, reduce unnecessary duplicative quantum research activities, and facilitate collaboration between quantum research agencies with specialized capabilities or expertise in one or more aspects of quantum information science, engineering, and technology; and ``(10) recommend strategies for attracting and retaining students and scholars with expertise in quantum-related fields to Federal departments and agencies.''.”
“``(4) Public summary.--The Advisory Committee shall make a public-facing summary of each report submitted under paragraph (3) available on the website of the Advisory Committee to promote transparency and accountability.''. SEC. ___8. SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE ECONOMIC AND SECURITY IMPLICATIONS OF QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE. Section 105 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C.”
“``(3) Report to congress.--Not later than March 1 of each year, the Advisory Committee shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a report summarizing the findings of the Advisory Committee with respect to the evaluation most recently conducted under paragraph (1), including specific recommendations for-- ``(A) improvements to the Program; ``(B) consolidation or termination of programs or activities within the Program; and ``(C) realignment of funding to high-impact areas within the Program.”
“``(2) Elements.--Each evaluation under paragraph (1) shall assess-- ``(A) which Federal programs or activities within the Program have made measurable progress toward program goals; ``(B) which Federal programs within the Program have produced tangible scientific, workforce, or commercial outcomes; ``(C) which programs or activities within the Program have overlapping missions or duplicative structures; ``(D) resource utilization and return on investment of each major component of the Program; and ``(E) barriers to performance or implementation of the Program, including structural, regulatory, or administrative challenges.”
“5195c(e))).''; (3) in subsection (e)-- (A) by inserting ``through December 31, 2030'' after ``thereafter''; and (B) by adding at the end the following new sentence: ``In the first such report required after the date of the enactment of the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026, the Advisory Committee shall assess the benefits and opportunities to strengthen quantum communications corridors in which Federal laboratories, institutions of higher education, and other entities conducting quantum information science, engineering, and technology research are connected via quantum communication networks capable of securely transmitting information.''; (4) by redesignating subsections (e) through (g) as subsections (f) through (h), respectively; and (5) by inserting after subsection (d) the following: ``(e) Performance and Usefulness Assessment of National Quantum Initiative Program.-- ``(1) Annual evaluation required.--Not less frequently than once each year, the Advisory Committee shall, in coordination with the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science, conduct an evaluation of the effectiveness, progress, and usefulness of activities carried out under the Program.”
“NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE ADVISORY COMMITTEE. Section 104 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8814) is amended-- (1) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows: ``(b) Qualifications.--The Advisory Committee shall consist of members, appointed by the President, who-- ``(1) are representative of-- ``(A) industry; and ``(B) universities and Federal laboratories that are qualified to provide advice and information on quantum information science, engineering, and technology research, development, demonstrations, standards, STEM education and workforce, technology transfer, economics, and national security, or research security; and ``(2) may hold doctoral degrees in physical sciences, mathematics, computer science, engineering, or related fields.''; (2) in subsection (d)(2)-- (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (B) in subparagraph (D)-- (i) by striking ``to'' and inserting ``promote innovation, foster a robust United States quantum industry, and''; and (ii) by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (C) in subparagraph (E), by inserting ``, including to address any gaps that may exist in basic research, capabilities, workforce, supply chain, or coordination among participating Federal agencies'' before the semicolon; (D) in subparagraph (F), by striking ``open standards for, quantum information science and technology; and'' and inserting ``international standards in open and transparent standardization systems for quantum information science, engineering, and technology;''; (E) in subparagraph (G)-- (i) by striking ``societal,''; and (ii) by striking the period and inserting a semicolon; and (F) by adding at the end the following new subparagraphs: ``(H) the domestic and international cooperation needs and goals of the Program, including those related to infrastructure and the supply chain of quantum information science, engineering, and technology; and ``(I) the degree to which quantum information science, engineering, and technology-- ``(i) is enhancing or can enhance-- ``(I) the capabilities of the United States advanced industrial economy; and ``(II) Federal, State, and local government capabilities and services; and ``(ii) can protect or optimize critical infrastructure (as such term is defined in section 1016(e) of Public Law 107-56 (42 U.S.C.”
“``(3) Comparison to artificial intelligence technologies.-- For any potential use case identified under paragraph (1) for a Federal department or agency, the head of the department or agency may, in consultation with the Subcommittee, consider the quantum use case's interplay with artificial intelligence and compare its anticipated costs, functionality, and benefits. ``(4) Reporting.--The Subcommittee, as part of the annual report on the budget for the Program under subsection (g), shall report progress in carrying out the activities under this subsection, including information relating to the following: ``(A) The potential use cases identified pursuant to paragraph (1). ``(B) The status of plans developed pursuant to paragraph (2). ``(C) Any obstacles to addressing such potential use cases, including lack of funding.''. SEC. ___7.”
“``(E) Value proposition as a result of each interagency partnership opportunity.''; (3) in subsection (h)(2)(A), by inserting ``, including a description of agency roles and responsibilities'' before the period; and (4) by adding at the end the following new subsection: ``(i) Quantum Use Cases.-- ``(1) In general.--The Subcommittee shall identify potential use cases for quantum technologies that could advance the missions of Federal departments and agencies participating in the Program. ``(2) Quantum on-ramp.--For each potential use case identified pursuant to paragraph (1) for a Federal department or agency, the head of the Federal department or [[Page S2945]] agency may, in consultation with the Subcommittee, develop a plan to enable such department or agency to address the potential use case.”
“SEC. ___6. SUBCOMMITTEE ON QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE. Section 103 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8813) is amended-- (1) in subsection (d)-- (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``the quantum information science and technology research,'' and inserting ``quantum information science, engineering, and technology research, quantum application development, and demonstration,''; (B) in paragraph (4)-- (i) by inserting ``, engineering, and technology'' after ``science''; and (ii) by inserting ``skillset'' before ``diversity''; (C) in paragraph (5)-- (i) by inserting ``, engineering, and technology'' after ``science''; and (ii) by inserting ``and conduct comparative benchmarking of Federal investments and research strategies relative to those of strategic allies and partners of the United States and other countries'' after ``development efforts''; (D) in paragraph (6)-- (i) by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and (ii) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (E) in paragraph (7)-- (i) by inserting ``, engineering, and technology'' after ``science''; and (ii) by striking the period and inserting a semicolon; and (F) by adding at the end the following: ``(8) facilitate interagency partnership opportunities to advance quantum applications related to advanced manufacturing, biotechnology, critical minerals, chemistry, space, and other sectors; and ``(9) evaluate the competitiveness and capabilities of the United States in quantum technologies with respect to quantum computing, sensing, networking, and applications.''; (2) in subsection (g)(2)-- (A) in paragraph (A), by inserting ``numbers'' after ``budget''; (B) in paragraph (B), by inserting ``numbers'' after ``budget''; and (C) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs: ``(D) Metrics for measuring the impact of the Program for the current fiscal year, for each Federal department and agency described in subsection (b).”
“8812) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)(2)-- (A) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``who shall be'' before ``appointed''; and (B) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as follows: ``(B) staff comprising employees detailed from the Federal departments and agencies specified in section 103(b).''; and (2) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology research, development, workforce, and international''; (B) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows: ``(4) ensure coordination among the collaborative ventures or consortia established under this Act, including under section 201(a), the Multidisciplinary Centers for Quantum Research and Education established under section 302(a), the National Quantum Information Science Research Centers established under section 402(a), and the Quantum Economic Development Consortium;''; (C) in paragraph (6), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a semicolon; (D) in paragraph (7)-- (i) by inserting ``nonprofit research organizations,'' after ``universities,''; and (ii) by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and (E) by adding after paragraph (7) the following: ``(8) promote understanding and adoption of viable quantum capabilities that strengthen the United States economy, as may be appropriate; ``(9) track, monitor, and promote policies that will ensure the stability of the United States quantum workforce, quantum supply chain, domestic quantum industry, and international trade; and ``(10) ensure coordination and avoid unnecessary duplication of existing quantum-related activities, other activities carried out under this Act, and other related programs, as appropriate.''.”
“McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115-232; 10 U.S.C. 4001 note), quantum educational activities and programs authorized pursuant to section 10661 of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 19261), and activities conducted at any Federal laboratory or National Laboratory;''; and (5) in paragraph (5)-- (A) by striking ``industry and universities'' and inserting ``industry, universities, and strategic allies and partners''; and (B) by inserting ``, including human resources'' after ``resources''. SEC. ___5. NATIONAL QUANTUM COORDINATION OFFICE. Section 102 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C.”
“SEC. ___4. NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE PROGRAM. Subsection (b) of section 101 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8811) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)-- (A) by striking ``development'' and inserting ``research, development, and near-, medium-, and long-term demonstration''; and (B) by striking ``information science and technology''; (2) in paragraph (2)-- (A) by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and (B) by inserting ``infrastructure,'' after ``demonstration,''; (3) in paragraph (3)-- (A) by inserting ``and retain'' after ``to develop''; and (B) by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (4) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows: ``(4) provide for interagency planning and coordination of Federal quantum information science, engineering, and technology research, development, demonstration, standards engagement, and other activities under the Program, including activities authorized pursuant to section 234 of the John S.”
“Section 3 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8802) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)-- (A) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as follows: ``(A) to expand the number of researchers, educators, and students with training in quantum information science, engineering, and technology to develop a domestic workforce pipeline and retain international talent to the extent consistent with national security and international competitiveness;''; (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``science at the'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology at the''; (C) in subparagraph (D)-- (i) by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and (ii) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; and (D) by adding at the end the following: ``(F) to facilitate development of quantum applications, including quantum-hybrid applications, to promote innovation; and ``(G) to support advancements in emerging technologies that could benefit from or benefit the development of quantum technology and promote research, development, demonstration, and application of such emerging technologies in quantum information science, engineering, and technology and scientific discovery.''; (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (3) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (4) in paragraph (4)-- (A) by inserting ``National Laboratories,'' after ``Federal laboratories,''; and (B) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (5) in paragraph (5)-- (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)-- (i) by inserting ``partnerships, research collaborations, and'' after ``international''; and (ii) by striking ``science and technology security'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and (D) by adding at the end the following: ``(C) to facilitate cooperation in the advancement of quantum capabilities among the United States and its strategic allies and partners to strengthen and secure the quantum-relevant supply chain and related ecosystem; and ``(D) to coordinate on potential export or strategic trade controls where appropriate; and''; and (6) by adding at the end the following: ``(6) improving the maturity and scale of the quantum industry.''.”
“``(17) Supply chain shock.--The term `supply chain shock'-- [[Page S2944]] ``(A) means an event causing severe or serious disruption to normal operations or capacity in a supply chain; and ``(B) includes-- ``(i) a natural disaster; ``(ii) a pandemic; ``(iii) a biological threat; ``(iv) a cyber attack; ``(v) a geopolitical conflict; ``(vi) a terrorist or geopolitical attack; ``(vii) a trade disruption caused by-- ``(I) a foreign country of concern; or ``(II) an entity or an individual subject to the jurisdiction of such a country; and ``(viii) an event for which the President declares a major disaster or an emergency under section 401 or 501, respectively, of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5170; 42 U.S.C. 5191).''. SEC. ___3. PURPOSES.”
“``(15) Quantum sensing.--The term `quantum sensing'-- ``(A) means the use of quantum mechanics to enhance or enable new sensors; and ``(B) can include uses of superposition and entanglement, nonclassical states, and advances in accuracy and precision enabled by quantum control. ``(16) STEM.--The term `STEM' means the academic and professional disciplines of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, including computer science.”
“``(11) Quantum computing.--The term `quantum computing' means any of a variety of quantum computing technologies, including quantum annealing and quantum gate-model systems that utilize a variety of architectures, such as superconductors, ion traps, photonics, neutral atoms, atomic spin, electron spin, or topological qubits.''; (6) by amending paragraph (12), as so redesignated, to read as follows: ``(12) Quantum information science, engineering, and technology.--The term `quantum information science, engineering, and technology' means the understanding, translation, use, or application of the laws of quantum physics for the storage, transmission, manipulation, computing, simulation, or measurement of information.''; and (7) by inserting after paragraph (13), as so redesignated, the following: ``(14) Quantum networking.--The term `quantum networking' means the transmission of quantum information and the distribution and use of entanglement across nodes to enable new information technology applications and fundamental science.”
“15801).''; (5) by inserting after paragraph (9), as so redesignated, the following: ``(10) Quantum applications.--The term `quantum applications' means uses of quantum information science, engineering, and technology, including quantum algorithms and software, quantum computing and quantum-classical hybrids, quantum sensing, quantum networking, quantum encryption, quantum simulation, or quantum communications applications.”
“1701 et seq.); or ``(E) determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the national security or foreign policy of the United States.''; (3) in paragraph (7), as so redesignated, by striking ``(a)'' each place it appears; (4) by inserting after paragraph (7), as so redesignated, the following new paragraph: ``(8) National laboratory.--The term `National Laboratory' has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.”
“2751 et seq.); ``(v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284); ``(vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or ``(vii) the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C.”
“1189(a)); ``(B) included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury (commonly known as the `SDN list'); ``(C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign country that is a covered nation (as such term is defined in section 4872(f) of title 10, United States Code); ``(D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been involved in activities for which a conviction was obtained under-- ``(i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States Code (commonly known as the `Espionage Act'); ``(ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, United States Code; ``(iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States Code (commonly known as the `Economic Espionage Act of 1996'); ``(iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C.”
“``(5) Foreign country of concern.--The term `foreign country of concern' means-- ``(A) a country that is a covered nation (as such term is defined in section 4872(f) of title 10, United States Code); and ``(B) any country that the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, and the Director of National Intelligence, determines to be engaged in conduct that is detrimental to the national security or foreign policy of the United States. ``(6) Foreign entity of concern.--The term `foreign entity of concern' means a foreign entity that is-- ``(A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C.”
“This subtitle may be cited as the ``National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026''. SEC. ___2. DEFINITIONS. Section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801) is amended-- (1) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), (6), (7), the first paragraph (8) (relating to the definition of the ``Subcommittee on Economic and Security Implications''), and the second paragraph (8) (relating to the definition of the ``Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science'') as paragraphs (7), (9), (12), (13), (18), and (19), respectively; (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following: ``(4) Federal laboratory.--The term `Federal laboratory' has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703).”
“Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 103 (Thursday, June 18, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 103 (Thursday, June 18, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S2943-S2953] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [ www.gpo.gov ] SA 5861. Mr. YOUNG submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by him to the bill S. 4784, to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2027 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes; which was ordered to lie on the table; as follows: At the appropriate place in title XVI, insert the following: Subtitle ___--National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026 SECTION ___1. SHORT TITLE.”
“(2) Appropriate committees of congress defined.--In this subsection, the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means-- (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives. ______”
“(b) Report.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary and the Commandant, in coordination with the Secretary of State, shall jointly submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on engagements with foreign partners under subsection (a), including-- (A) an identification of specific regions and countries interested in increased cooperation to combat IUU fishing; (B) a description of any limitations on enhanced counter- IUU fishing partnerships due to insufficient resources or authorities; (C) recommendations for increased program effectiveness in counter-IUU fishing operations; (D) an assessment of the effectiveness of ongoing counter- IUU fishing partner operations; (E) an identification of authorities provided in sections 331 and 333(a) of title 10, United States Code, pursuant to which such counter-IUU fishing operations are conducted; and (F) any other information the Secretary, the Commandant, and the Secretary of State consider appropriate.”
“(a) In General.--The Secretary and the Commandant, in coordination with the Secretary of State, may seek to engage with foreign partners to establish joint patrols to enhance counter-IUU fishing efforts, combat transnational crime, and enhance regional security.”
“This subtitle may be cited as the ``Helping Allies Respond to Piracy, Overfishing, and Oceanic Negligence Act'' or the ``HARPOON Act''. SEC. 10_2. DEFINITIONS. In this subtitle: (1) Commandant.--The term ``Commandant'' means the Commandant of the Coast Guard. (2) Illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing; iuu fishing.--The terms ``illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing'' and ``IUU fishing'' mean activities described as illegal fishing, unreported fishing, or unregulated fishing in paragraph 3 of the International Plan of Action to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, adopted at the 24th Session of the Committee on Fisheries in Rome on March 2, 2001. (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Defense. SEC. 10_3. COUNTER-IUU FISHING PROGRAM ENHANCEMENT.”
“Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 103 (Thursday, June 18, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 103 (Thursday, June 18, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S2943] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [ www.gpo.gov ] SA 5860. Mr. YOUNG submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by him to the bill S. 4784, to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2027 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes; which was ordered to lie on the table; as follows: At the end of title X, add the following: Subtitle __Helping Allies Respond to Piracy, Overfishing, and Oceanic Negligence Act SEC. 10_1. SHORT TITLE.”
“It is time to ban Members of Congress from trading stock. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Louisiana.”
“Now, look, there is no easy or quick way to restore complete trust in Congress, faith in this essential institution of democratic government. But prohibiting Members of Congress from leveraging their positions of public trust for personal enrichment would go a long way. I think most Americans would acknowledge that it would be a meaningful step toward that goal. Passing these bills will ensure stock trading comes to an end in Congress and help restore trust in us, those who [[Page S2922]] serve. I would even call it--as a personal matter, it would be a gesture of self-respect for politicians to embrace this reform. It is what the people we represent want. So I just ask my colleagues: Let us be beyond reproach. Let us avoid all appearances of impropriety. Let us not disappoint the American people again.”
“And unlike current law, the bill would impose meaningful financial penalties for violations. Under this bill, lawmakers who fail to comply with the law's mandates would be fined the greater of $2,000--probably still not enough but enough maybe to get it passed through the Senate; we can increase it later--be fined the greater of $2,000 or 10 percent of the investment value, plus the forfeiture of any net gain realized from the sale. The second bill, the Restore Trust in Congress Act, would prohibit Members of Congress from trading individual stock. It would establish guidelines for Members to divest existing holdings within a defined period. It would also empower congressional ethics offices to enforce compliance through meaningful penalties.”
“President, 87 percent of Republicans think this is a problem, think we should ban Members of Congress from trading stocks. You go across the country, almost 9 out of 10 Republicans you talk to will say we should do it. And why have we not? What about Democrats? Mr. President, 87--88 percent, rather, of Democrats, almost 9 out of 10. Independents--81 percent. So, listen, there are two bills that we already have. I don't need to draft a new bill. Let's recognize our colleagues' handiwork and get something important done. Two bills that would accomplish this in the U.S. Senate: The first bill, the Stop Insider Trading Act, would just prevent Members of Congress, their spouses, and their dependent children from trading individual stocks, and it would strengthen disclosure and enforcement requirements.”