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James Hoffmann

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2023-11-20
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2023-11-20
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  1. I'm not going to lie to you. That's just the truth of it. They're getting better, and there are more and more solutions. And there's some great high kind of convenience solutions to coffee. But if you want to have fresh coffee made at home and to be as good as possible, I'm going to ask you to do tiny bits of work. Just pour beans in a grinder, put ground coffee into a little machine and push a button, which is...

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  2. We're not there yet. The coffee industry is improving, the automation side is improving. By and large, this sort of super automatic stuff, you just push a button and everything happens and coffee comes out. There's a bunch of dull technical challenges that mean they can't make as good a coffee as you could do if you were willing to do a little bit of work.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  3. Like a great filter coffee? This definitely options there, and you can buy a machine and grinder and spend an incredible setup for like £500, bearing in mind Espresso machines, 10, 15,000 pounds of your money if you'd let me. That's where the budgets sort of top out in home espresso. But it's kind of at that point it's like home audio where people just they want the best possible thing and if they have the budget that market exists

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  4. So the problem with espresso specifically Is that Good Espresso is a little bit tricky, and it means to get really great espresso at home, you kind of want to have it as a hobby. And if that does not appeal to you, then don't get an espresso machine for home, because you will spend a ton of money and get you the best machine in the world to put it on your counter after a week, you'd be like, I just can't be bothered. I don't want to do this. And I think suddenly the two pounds fifty three pounds that the independent business charges you, you're like, oh, that's great. I will happily pay you to go through the pain of making espresso because it's messy, it's slow, it's convoluted, it's tricky, it's frustrating. And as a hobby, really rewarding, but as a way to caffeinate yourself in the morning, not the best.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  5. I don't know. It depends what your needs are. What's your budget? Like, what do you want to spend? What kind of experience do you want?

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  6. That's a great question because I think coming into this, I for years and years, as people did back then, wrote a blog, and I wrote a blog to sort of share information about coffee because it was great for me to learn and also there's a benefit to sharing. I think if you give things come back to you in the world and then people stop reading blogs and I started making videos and I think having worked in the coffee industry for 20 years, we had tried to talk to people about coffee and nothing really hit and people weren't really interested in. They didn't like the way we talked about it and suddenly YouTube, I found a way to connect with people. And it turns out we vastly underestimated how broad and how deep people's interest in coffee is. Yeah, people care about which machine should I buy, and that remains a question that I will be asked, I think, for the end of my days.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  7. be useful where I can do. Over the years we've started other things. Distribution companies kind of importing stuff or we have a coffee shop. We've done training businesses, kind of education, that kind of stuff, equipment businesses, kind of the big commercial espresso machines in there. I started a coffee recruitment business that I ultimately sold a little while back. I'm trying to think of other things. I started a magazine. I've started a bunch of other stuff. And then this, you know, getting into YouTube, that's become a weird business in and of itself that I didn't plan to start but is now a kind of all consuming business.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  8. It's a good question. My first business, I started back in 2008, just after I won the Wilburist Championships, which was a coffee roasting company. And that still is, I suppose, my primary business today, even if I don't run that anymore. This amazing MD in there. I just sort of

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  9. You know what I mean? Like nothing makes sense, but people feel very tied to this idea that the price is set by the chains. And I think that's changed now, and people are more comfortable charging above that. But for a long time, people were terrified to charge more than the chains, even if the product was noticeably better. And a real frustration for me. And that's why I'm always going to bat for independence, because it's not like you're going to spend more. You can get a better product by someone who cares deeply about it. And I think there's a risk in going to an independent if you're traveling. Starbucks, the model's built on, I know where to queue, who to talk to, where to stand after I place an order, what kind of food I can get there. It's very safe. If I dropped you in Moscow and told you to get coffee, you'd go to a chain because you know how it works and you'd get it done. Independence feel like a risk, but the reward, I think, is often there for sure. And there's more independence than they're better.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  10. Really? It always blew my mind for years and years I would work with loads of like essentially startup coffee shop owners and their mindset would be oh I need to be like the same kind of price as Starbucks or maybe a little bit more and you're like what do you possibly think that you have the same kind of supply chain that they do that you're going to make and you know they make great margins you're not buying 20 million paper cups a week

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  11. But I think the chains. The brand experience may be different, but at the root there's not a huge variance in the coffee experience. I agree.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  12. I don't think they taste particularly different to each other in a big way. I think the independence stood out a long way. From the others, right? It was clearly different. It has a lot more flavor and character going on, which is good, which is what I like about coffee.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  13. Before I get into That's kind of weird. It's a little bit vegetably to me, if I'm honest, it's not my favorite. Again, it's within the world of coffee roasting. It's darker. It's not as dark as this one. Yeah, I like it probably less than this one here, so I'd probably be back to like a four again.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  14. I like to slurp usually do a little aeration, but down a microphone it's brutal. Okay. So that's probably the darkest roast of all of them I would say it doesn't taste like the raw materials are particularly bad, and so I could have a guess at who that's from. But it is definitely a darker roast, so more bitterness, again, quite full. So, you know, my gut says that's a sort of Starbucks style thing to me.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  15. Yeah, and that's in part going to be how it's made, in part how it's roasted, in part where it's from. Price-wise, I wouldn't expect it to be much more than the McDonald's, if I'm honest, that that tastes, again, like Yeah, like a reasonably commercial grade coffee. I wouldn't say it tastes bad, roast a little Yeah, it's another kind of 343 actually. This is something about the sort of earthiness that I don't enjoy in coffee. Some people really like earthy flavors. I really don't. And that's just a preference thing.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  16. For me it's more akin to number one than anything else. Again, it's a darker roast. It's got a bit more body to it. It feels a bit fuller, a bit richer, a bit earthy at the same time for me.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  17. These things I'd like to change about it, so like six seven somewhere there. But it has, I think, better raw materials in it that does appeal to me.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  18. Now this will be a little bit more divisive for a lot of people because they've got a little bit more acidity in it. It's like a little bit more described as salmonus almost. Like it's a little ziggy tasting. Generally acidity is associated with quality and coffee, which is a real sticking point for a lot of people. It's down to the fact that when you grow coffee, the higher you grow it, the slower it grows, the sweeter it will ultimately be, but you do get more acidity in higher grown coffees. Some people don't want that in their coffee. They really don't want sour coffee. So that tastes like it's got better raw materials in there for me than this one. Roast a little bit lighter, bruise a little bit better. I'd like it to be a less kind of sour thing. It's a little bit old, obviously. It sat around for a while. But I would say for me, it's a better cup than this one. Like it's got a little characteristic to it. It tastes of something that's a little bit fruity in there.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  19. That's to me a pretty standard kind of commercial coffee taste. There's not a lot going on there, relatively high in bitterness to me, and so that's a fairly better cup of coffee. And that's becoming, I would say, mostly from roast. And if something's good or bad, it can be bad because it wasn't made that well that day. It could be bad because it was not great raw materials. And finding why is sometimes tricky. I wouldn't say it's particularly expensive, cup of coffee.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  20. There's a good hack if you ever want to break apart how something like Coca-Cola smells. If you take a component smell of Coca-Cola like lime, right? Because Coke just tastes Coca-Col, but it's actually lime, neroli, cinnamon, orange, nutmeg. And if you smell a bunch of cinnamon and then smell coke, it smells weird because you've deleted cinnamon from Coca-Cola's aroma profile. And you can do that with, say, lime and smell. And it's like, whoa. I've thrown the balance out by kind of deleting that and suppressing that. It's a dull, but fun kind of trick.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  21. Totally does. We are, it's why dogs sniff really fast, that you're looking for change. Your sense of smell works quite well on change. And so, yes, you will get what's called suppression if you smell the same kind of smells over and over. They become less and less intense. It's why people end up wearing too much of the same perfume they've worn for 20 years, because they can't literally can't smell it anymore. We can. They can't.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  22. Better or more expensive because they kind of preserve more of the inherent qualities of the raw materials. So these are all reasonably dark roasts just from smell. So I can kind of the smells I'm coming off there are more in the kind of heavier, not burnt smells, well, some of them actually smell a little bit burnt and kind of harsh, but nothing's particularly fruity or floral smelling. So just for me a kind of gauge of where things are going to be. So there's going to be an expectation with that of bitterness.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  23. Yeah, like, so one of the things I can assess pretty quickly is how darkly the coffee's been roasted when you have the longer you leave coffee in a roasting machine, the darker the color the beans will be. And for a long time, I think people associated darker roasts with better coffee, oily beans looked kind of fancier, whereas it swung the other way and lighter roasts now are considered.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  24. You don't need to understand everything about this process. You need to work out what are the most important things to understand and get those right. And then you're most of the way there. I don't think the kind of average consumer is necessarily uninformed or confused, but potentially overwhelmed by choice still.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  25. Coffee's kind of made three times in a weird sort of way. Coffee's made at the farm level. And we would understand that with wine, like a grower grows the grapes. They make the wine at that point. And the producer of raw coffee carefully grows fruit, harvests the seeds, processes them carefully, and you can do a good job there or a bad job. And you've kind of got a peak quality moment there. Coffee is made again when you roast it. It's transformed completely from a kind of green plant smelling thing into one of the most aromatic things in the world. And then it's made again when you make it. And at each of these stages, you can lose the quality completely. You can do a terrible job roasting and make it taste awful. And you can do a terrible job brewing it and make it taste awful. And I think for a lot of people, coffee making was not particularly a skill. Coffee making was not complex or hard. And it shouldn't be complex. But it's easy to get wrong. And I think you can be disappointed by a coffee that you've made without really understanding why. What I'm interested in is like, okay.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  26. 20 years ago, there wasn't 40 years ago, there was no diversity of flavor and coffee. Coffee was brown and mean and miserable, and that was it. And now you can have coffees that taste kind of fruity and floral. You can have coffees that taste earthy and rich or chocolatey or whatever else. So I think the thing that I want to kind of get out into the world is whatever you enjoy, I'm pretty sure there's something you could enjoy more because there's so much out there. There's so much diversity. That's the first thing. I think that the second thing. I think people do understand is that

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  27. There's probably less misconceptions now than ever, I would say. I think more people are coming around to the idea that coffee is not just a bitter, painful experience that you go through to get the caffeine on the other side. Like it's a little trial each morning that we come to enjoy. I think people now understand more and more that there is an astonishing sort of range of flavor in coffee.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  28. Yeah, yeah, yeah. And it's a fun book. I don't know how well it's aged, but it's just travel writing. So he traces the route the coffee took from Ethiopia to Yemen through kind of Turkey into the Mediterranean, how it spread around the world. And what got me about that book was like coffee's in every culture and it's different. Italian espresso culture is totally different to Scandinavian coffee culture, totally different to Australian coffee culture or coffee culture is in the US. I was like, well, this drinks kind of interesting. Like it's a part of every society now. And then I started to drink it. I fell in love with it. And I just went deeper and deeper and deeper. And yeah, in 2007, I won the World Bristol Championships.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  29. Yes I think I went hard, you know? A couple things. Yeah, what I really fell in love with it. You know what I mean? I got into coffee at like 23. I didn't like coffee, didn't drink coffee. And then I read a book called The Devil's Cup that just explained.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  30. Flesh for want of a better term on the inside. But it is delicious. It's kind of like a tangy watermelon taste. Coffee fruit's very delicious. I recommend. If you can try it, definitely try it. Caffeine exists in coffee primarily as an insect repellent. That's why the plant produces it so that if an insect attacks the fruit, it gets a whack of caffeine and it's like, nope, and it leaves the fruit alone. So that's its function in nature. Other plants produce caffeine. There's some interesting stuff about how caffeine improves the memory of bees, which helps with pollination. So some flowers produce caffeine than they think for that reason. But the caffeine in fruit in coffee tree specifically is basically insect repellent. Which is why the higher you grow coffee, the less insects there are and actually the lower the levels of caffeine you tend to see the plant produce.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  31. Yeah, the coffee fruit was. So it's kind of, most people don't think of coffee as fruit, and coffee fruit grows on these trees. They're usually about two meters tall, full of these sort of ripe red cherry looking things. We call them coffee cherries. They're about the size of a grape, but inside there's these two seeds kind of like a peanut facing each other, and they take up most of the fruit. So if you eat them, they're not very satisfying. They're mostly seed, bitterskin, and a little bit of kind of fruit.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  32. I think it's more unpleasant than that, as I recall. Yeah, I think it's a sort of neurological thing as well. I don't think it's a good death, if I'm honest. Not that maybe there are good ones. But yeah, I don't think it's a good way to go.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  33. I think 50 or 60 cups of coffee at a very short time frame. A very strong coffee would be about what was necessary for a small person to hit sort of caffeine toxicity. So it's quite hard to do.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  34. Yeah, I think the more you dose, the longer it's going to take to clear from your system, the more that will be in your blood come time to go to sleep. I think the lethal dose of caffeine is really, pretty high, a few people have got there, sadly. Really? But it's a huge amount of coffee. It's usually done with like pills or other sort of forms of caffeine consumption to do it with just cups of coffee is like.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  35. Right, you see a lot of people pushing Altheanine in there as a product which seems to have a synergistic effect and help people feel a little calmer while sort of maintaining the benefits from that. I think the evidence is reasonable on that, but again, those products tend to be a bit more sort of thoughtful about the amount of caffeine in them. And I think the amount of caffeine is really kind of key. You might have something with, say, 100 milligrams of caffeine. That's a pretty acceptable dose. You might find that in a single espresso or in, say, a small cup of filtered coffee. If you take a pre-workout, That's often 300 milligrams of caffeine. And so there's all these ways that we can consume caffeine quite easily. Coca-Cola is pretty low, I think like 50, 60 milligrams of caffeine in a can or a bottle of Coca-Cola. But you can easily end up drinking 200, 250 milligrams in coffee as well if it's a lower quality coffee. It tends to have more caffeine in it. If it's brewed as a sort of very strong filter coffee, it's just knowing how much you're taking that I think is kind of key.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  36. Yes, it's stopping a compound called adenazine working in your blood. And adenazine calms you down, lowers your heart rate, makes you feel tired and sleepy. And caffeine just gets in the way of that receptor and stops it working. And so a lot of people experience a kind of accumulation of adenazine. And so while they're consuming coffee, their body's trying to put out a denizen, lower the heart rate, calm them down. It's not working. And eventually your body clears the caffeine and you have a kind of crash afterwards where you suddenly just feel extremely tired because finally your receptors are clear to receive the amount of adenosine that's in your blood. So yeah, there's a kind of downside that way. Again, big doses tend to come with bigger crashes. I think a lot of people now are pushing the idea that you should delay caffeine consumption a little bit.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  37. I haven't heard much about that. Most of the studies I've read that looked at cognition see that kind of lift that caffeine will give you in that people tend to perform better on cognitive tests after caffeine or with caffeine than without. I'm surprised in that I had thought caffeine was a vasodilator, which would in theory allow more blood flow around, but maybe it's not. I haven't scanned a quarter million brains, so I'm not an expert on this one. But that's the first time I've heard someone talk about blood flow to the brain and coffee specifically.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  38. Yes, and I'm going to sound like a broken record, where you see once again up to about three cups of coffee a day, saw an association with reduced cognitive decline and reduced incidence of Alzheimer's. So it's, again, I'm not saying that coffee is causing this. I'm saying in the studies, the people who drank coffee have been Had better outcomes. But you can't just say because they drank coffee. That's a really important disconnect in these kind of things that doesn't happen often enough.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  39. The great frustration of decaf is that Decaf drinkers are typically very poorly served by the coffee industry. For a bunch of reasons, coffee shop owners tend not to invest in decaf. A lot of coffee roasting companies don't really care about decaf. Despite the fact that Decaf drinkers are the ones who are drinking it just for the taste, they are the purest coffee consumer, actually, because they just want the flavor. They don't even want the caffeine. Just the flavor. So it's always been an important thing for me over the years that DeCAF be good. But yeah, I'd love to see more DeCAF consumption going on. I think DeCAF can be really delicious and good if it's done properly all the way through from sort of farm to cup. But it's not as available as it should be to most people, which kind of hurts me.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  40. That we would benefit from keeping it around. I don't think there's any health benefits associated with cigarette smoking. But I think coffee will have some benefits, but I think our attitude and our relationship with caffeine is going to change. I think you're right about that.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  41. And I think there is change. And I think we're definitely seeing that. I don't think there's enough health benefits in the coffee itself.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  42. Yeah, and I think to some extent there's something in that. I think we are getting more thoughtful about caffeine consumption, and I think caffeine is going to be the root of it all rather than coffee as a whole.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  43. Most of the meta studies now seem to come down for almost every cancer there's a lower incidence associated with coffee consumption. There's again that's not universal. Some studies have found differently. Again, they're just really hard studies to do effectively, I think. I think that's the challenge of it. I have certainly not seen anything that makes me concerned about drinking coffee from that perspective anyway. I think there's whatever impact it may have, I think, would be pretty minor compared to something like cigarettes. And I remember you said on the internet some time ago, you think in 10 or 20 years time people will see coffee consumption the way they see cigarette consumption.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  44. The same sort of thing is true there. I think there have been studies that correlate caffeine consumption to depression. I think there are people who have used it and have found benefit from it. Again, it's one of those ones where I just wouldn't blindly consume caffeine, assuming a benefit to mental health. If I have mental health challenges, I think it's a place to check and it's pretty easy to check, cut it out for a month. It'll suck for a few days. But you may see benefits or you may not.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  45. I would certainly say not a doctor, but I would certainly say that if someone suffers with anxiety, cutting out caffeine would be something to test and to see if there's benefits to cutting caffeine out. There are a bunch of studies done on it. They're not uniform in their outcome. Some found different results for caffeine consumption. And I think because you're trying to study what is ultimately quite a generic term that covers a lot of different experiences and challenges that people face. So yeah, I wouldn't say consume it regardless don't think about it. I think if you struggle with anxiety, it would certainly be worth considering cutting it out.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  46. Neither did I until he told me it just didn't cross my mind that this, you know, it's a drink. It's not like a thick. I lived the life of like fiber is miserable cardboardy brand cereal. That's fiber in my brain. And the idea that this was fiber. Inconceivable to me. But then I read the studies and it was fascinating.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  47. Part of it. I don't think caffeine has been shown to be neuroprotective necessarily. So I think people are trying to understand the mechanism more. Caffeine's been studied separately and is much easier to study because you can dose it, you can look at the effects of that to really do a study on coffee consumption is really hard. You can't really do a randomized control trial where you raise people from say 15 to 60 years old. You control their diet, exercise, sleep, and you just randomize the coffee consumption because then you might see something that you could really say coffee is good or bad. We can just look at these large epidemiological studies and say, well, trying to control for diet and exercise and cigarettes and all these other things, it looks like coffee drinkers survive longer or have less issues. And it might just be that healthy people are just attracted to coffee. We don't really know which way around that is. There's no strong mechanism. But at this point, I'd probably be.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  48. That's probably above my pay grade. I would probably at this point, I'm probably aligned with Tim in that it's a great source of fiber and polyphenols, that it's just, it is like having another vegetable into the diet, it's more diversity of diet. I think one study showed that for some people in the US cups of filtered coffee were their primary source of dietary fiber. Now, that's kind of wild and not really how things should be, but it is a significant source of fiber if you think about it that way, a large cut might be three grams of fiber, which doesn't seem like much until you start tracking your fiber intake and you realize, oh, that's a decent contribution for a drink. So yeah, I think that's the biggest

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  49. But yeah, three cups of coffee for heart disease, for all sorts of things is seen to be associated with improvement in outcome.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  50. Yeah, it's a reduction in all cause mortality, so you're just less likely to die early, I suppose is the easiest way to think about it. Or that's what we see from the studies, and it's not that the studies aren't without flaws, but there's been a lot now, and you tend to see people dying less often or less early when they drink more coffee. Not a huge amount of coffee, and this is if you ever go into the research, this is really important. A cup of coffee to you or me might look like this. A cup of coffee to a researcher is 120 mils of coffee, which is about half of this. So you'll see loads of studies say three cups of coffee, three cups of coffee is when you see these benefits. That's not a liter of coffee. That's more like three to four hundred mils total a day of, say, filter coffee, or one or two or three espresso, single espresso. So the definition of a cup from all these studies is really confusing and problematic. And I think encourages excess coffee consumption.

    2023-11-20 · The Diary of a CEO · The Coffee Expert: The Surprising Link Between Coffee, Mental Health, Depression & Heart Disease! James Hoffmann · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT