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Mark Warner

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2019-09-27
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2019-09-27
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  1. The reports are online that'll take you to someone on the homepage, some of the stuff around future work or on a project that I've got at Aspen Institute called the Future of Work. But again, you hit me, you can get any of this information.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  2. My only appeal, as much as you want to tune us out, please don't because I think there are people that say, hey, if we can make this seem so screwy and broken, rational Americans, I don't care which party you belong to, will just tune out. And all you do then is turn the keys over to the extremes because the extremes are going to be steal. It's still out there.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  3. No, no But you got to be willing, that old rule, because you said earlier, you know, hey, Mark, none of the stuff we've done in the past hasn't had government support. Government has been the early stage high-risk funder.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  4. A carbon tax the rest of the world would follow and it would accelerate the movement. And within the climate change debate, I think the biggest area, although it's hard to think as purely an entrepreneur on this, is storage. Because if we can get storage, then we solar and wind become usable, then that 24-7.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  5. There seems to be some growing consensus. We need to go to a carbon tax. I mean, cap and trade and regulatory system only. I actually think...

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  6. I would, I think there's going to be huge transformation in space in terms of small sats and the ability to be competitors against some of the legacies. I think unmanned systems. whether it's driverless cars, whether it's drones is going to be a revolution that will rival the one I was involved in in terms of wireless technology. Those are areas where you do need some scale, but I think they're pretty darn hot.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  7. What would you do if you were an entrepreneur? We're going to come back. We talked about Amazon. We haven't talked about all kinds of things like that. But if you were an entrepreneur right now, let's finish up with that, what would you go into?

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  8. But are there ways that we can introduce more competition into the market so somebody who's smart wants to get in could actually rise as well?

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  9. Extraordinarily easily. So let's move to small, let's move to animation. So I think that has been our strength. We need to reinforce that. But there are going to be places, and I don't fully buy any means, particularly the platform companies that they got to have the size they've got right now. Right.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  10. But there are 50 other space companies that are in the business, and we've taken launch costs down. Small Sax is a huge opportunity. One of the things on space always made me crazy was the deeper I got into it, I thought, you know, did nobody, the American government ever see a James Bond movie? Because, you know, like the bad guys would always send a laser beam up to blow up the satellite. And we have these big old, big one of my senator friends, Angus King, said, we've got these big floating cows in the sky that aren't nimble that, you know, kind of a really exquisite capabilities, but all the heck, you can blow them up

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  11. This is Is there anything that's happened technologically that hasn't had the government behind it? There hasn't the space program. And now the space program fascinatingly is being innovated by private people, which is Jeff Bezos and Elon Musk, or leaving that to them, I'm finding disturbing on lots of the government is not leading in that.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  12. Means that this notion that we're going to be scrappy entrepreneurial startup only may not be the full answer. That's why I think you got a lot of folks who a year ago would never think, oh my gosh, America or America with allies ought to be Thinking about even governmental investment to make sure we've got somebody that can have both a technology and a financing alternative to a country like Huawei, a company like Huawei. So this is a big, big issue.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  13. But it's a gnarly problem. It's like we want to promote this innovation. But I think Kaifu Li, who's the expert on AI, who lives in Beijing now, but most of the time in America growing up, points out in AI that The country was the most data, the country with the most compute power, and the country, and I'm not sure on this third point he makes, you know, it's not the most innovative engineer, it's who's going to throw the most mass behind a problem. Is going to win that battle. You know, he's got some valid points here. So we are going to need, you know, in the past, we've always relied upon the fact that by being the biggest economy, we'll set the standards no matter which private sector company emerges and whether they're small or big. In some of these areas in technology where size...

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  14. That's their argument. And I'm sort of like the way we win is not by innovation, which a large controlled economy just can't do in the same way that the reason that we've gotten where we've gotten is because of how innovative and small and limble this country and democratic countries have been. Do you think that matters anymore?

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  15. Right, right. Well, that's the problem. I mean, politics is always the problem. In some ways, China's got it good because they can just decide. They can just roll over. Ending up as someone who's an entrepreneur, one of the arguments from tech companies there is then we have to be this big. If we're going to meet the challenges of content, which we didn't even get to, of policing content and hate speech, if we're going to get to the challenges of quantum computing, that's that. We have to be this big.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  16. And what do you say? And that's where you may need the equivalent of a BRAC process that says, you know, we're going to make this major readjustment or not because you can't simply take all of our existing and then layer on all these new needs or we're going to spend nothing on education and infrastructure. Right. Right.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  17. But DoD's got to be willing to say, okay, we get this. And that means we may need to take a big chunk of that $750 billion and redeploy it. Everybody at DOD says, we get this, but then when we say, okay, which of our legacy systems, which plane ship takes? Well, then they come to see.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  18. China's investing, but they're investing in all of these technologies not to be a follower, but to be the standard setter and the economically democratic.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  19. The thing on China is like we spend $750 billion on the fence. I think we're buying way too much 20th century stuff, reinvesting in a lot of legacy systems. China spends $250 billion on defense. And they realize it's not going to be just mill to mill. They got a really good cyber. They got a lot of stuff in space where we are potentially vulnerable. But that $500 billion difference.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  20. Although there may be an AI, there may not be a single company. The thing with 5G that's a little bit different is no matter what your system is, you got to have one anchor tenant that is kind of designs the system.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  21. Because I don't see any way the level of facial recognition that's already out that we're going to make this absolute ban. There ought to be some entity that we believe has some level of privacy protection. I would say that Tourism is...

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  22. And this, let me just finish the one sentence this happening in 5G could also happen, as you said, artificial intelligence, it could happen in facial recognition, it could happen in quantum computing. So this model of going against China, or at least having an alternative to China Inc.'s model, we need to play out and plan for today so we don't end up in the same position we are in 5G.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  23. There is not. There is a good group of people from state and defense and FCC and NSA trying to work together, but it is not a high enough priority. And we're going to get our lunch eaten. And this happening. Which is interesting because...

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  24. But those are traditional Switch companies. You know, 5G is more software-based, Qualcomm, Cisco others. There may be even a need for some kind of combination with one of those. Traditional telecom companies with certain other vendors. There's some thinking going on now that is radically different even six months ago. And part of the in a normal White House On an issue like this, there would be someone in charge on 5G to coordinate the government efforts.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  25. So, this might be something where there's a need for a 21st century industrial policy that we've not done before. We were so far behind the bar on 5G because we never thought that China would flood the zone with engineers on the standard setting bodies. Something that American companies used to do in the 80s and 90s And we're suddenly going against a technology leader. Is there any

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  26. To go against China Inc., who can come in with wall weight pretty good equipment and then 140% financing and at price points that are way below because they're so subsidized.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  27. Have to write on 5G. And if that is a system that has Chinese equipment that at any moment in time, because it's not like Huawei's got a back door today, but since this is a software-driven system and China says next week, next month, on that next update, by the way, stick in this malware? You can't protect yourself against that. Our notion that we can let the market decide, I just don't know whether that will work anymore. We may need, and I got Republicans that agree with me on this, to put literally billions of US dollars, maybe in conjunction with our allies. into certain technology champions because in the 5G space you got Huawei then you've got Erickson Nokia and Samsung Swedish Finnish and Korean they don't have the economic heft

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  28. They want to set the pattern. And we have always literally had the point of, well, we don't really care who becomes the winner in the private sector because the market will sort it out. We're suddenly against a country with a totally different set of rules, incredible economic power. And I even have my Republican colleague saying, let's take, again, 5G for a moment where everything on the Internet of Things, all the driverless cars, all the things that we say will come out of this new world will.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  29. I think we had We benefited so much from setting the rules and protocols, but nobody really factored that in. All of a sudden, We've got a competitor with plenty of intellectual capital where they've skipped the first steps because they either borrow or intellectually steal the product. And they are saying, hey, we not only want to compete, we want to set the standards, and then let's take 5G the next generation wireless.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  30. You know, China does not have rule of law, independent judiciary, so your recourse. So what happened is that I think America, the West, and we actually heard this mostly originally from Japan, Korea, Australia, neighbors of China, is that most of the technological innovation over the last 70 years, if it wasn't American invented, it was invented in the other democratic regimes, and then the United States set the standards, set the rules and protocols. China copied. And they're uncopying.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  31. And using technology to do it. From China. From China. And technology from China from companies that owe their allegiance to a Communist Party and companies that, why would you ever buy Huawei in any case? Because at the day...

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  32. Every company in China's first allegiance is not to shareholders, but to the Communist Party. They have created a surveillance state in China using tools of technology. And one of the things that made me upset with Google saying they didn't want to work with our American DoD, but they don't mind working with 10 cent to create the social credit system in China, is they've created a surveillance state that would make Orwell in 1984 look simple. And what they are doing in terms of this is so much different than what even the Soviets did, they were offering some level of economic aid, but mostly just we're going to give you this ideology. China is saying to countries around the world, through Belt and Road others, we'll build your roads. We're going to, here's our model of state-sponsored capitalism, but here's what, you know, you live in a repressive state. Here's this way where you can control all of your people from a centralized situation. That is a pretty darn attractive.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  33. You could go the whole hour on this And let me start with my view on China. Completely different than it was five years ago. You know, I was part of conventional wisdom, rise of China, rise of the US. There'll be points of competition, but there'll also be points of cooperation. I think what's changed has been couple things one president Xi Has really completely reestablished Communist Party control across the whole sector. And to the point where they changed the law saying, if you have any doubt,

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  34. All right, so China. So speaking of which, here's a country that is doing everything it can to educate its citizens. It's very involved in their industry. Obviously, we have a different way of doing it. The government is not as involved in the fate of their companies. A lot of control over their companies. A lot of investments in everything from AI to quantum computing to robotics, automation, self-driving, every area that's the next wave of the internet. And you and I know we're in a very big phase of the next wave of the internet. Some people feel China will dominate the next internet age, which is disturbing to me at least, given the small amount I know about how they operate.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  35. We're already doing it in so many other ways. And there ought to be ways that we could rationalize way too many programs into a simpler system. Amen to that.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  36. So let's get to China. Which we ought to make that transition right now. Right, okay, maybe not your kids, but the idea is we're already doing it in so many other ways. But there ought to be ways that we could

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  37. So I would take when we, and which we ought to make that transition right now, but I would put more of the focus on low and moderate income people. I'm not sure my kids need UBI.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  38. Basic research. Basic research. We've gone from, you know, basically we did about 69% of all the research in the world post World War II. We're down to 28%, only 7% non-defense. That's not a good business plan.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  39. There's a lot of person up. Governor does UBI. Yes, and where I would take, when we have a current tax system that continues to decrease investment in education, infrastructure R&D less than six cents on every dollar you send to Washington goes into those categories today. I would never invest in a business that only spent six cents on a workforce plant and equipment and staying at the competition.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  40. Though some people say it would take costs off somewhere else, off other social programs. There's a lot of versions of UBI. There's a lot of government does UBI in its own way. They just call it something else.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  41. But I also're an entrepreneur. I'm an entrepreneur, but I also think that I'm not sure, and I know there's one theory of the cases says it doesn't matter how much debt we got, but we're 24 trillion in debt. I'm not sure that layering on trillions more debt, particularly on young people.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  42. I think UBI, there's only been about half a dozen examples. Most of the places that have tried it, I think there was an experiment in Finland. There was an effort to try to move it in Switzerland. I've seen kind of mixed results. I think there is value in work that comes from pride and so forth.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  43. Choice essentially. And the idea. And some of the stuff that my 22 friends who were running for president want, you know, there's a lot of redistribution at the government level. And a lot of that I support.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  44. What about income inequality, not inequality is the big problem? And I think the reason the business round people did it is because the pitchforks are a common for them. I mean, I think that was a little bit, they're worried. I mean, one of the things I talk to wealthy people in Silicon Valley when they are against a lot of these things, they said, you're either going to pay to change income inequality, change the numbers here, or you're going to pay to armor plate your Tesla. That's your choice, essentially.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  45. On a whole host of these things, the federal government should be working. And I think there may be some place between kind of the full employee traditional W2 status. There are differences for people who work on demand, but there's got to be some protections for workers.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  46. They have done this to a degree before, not in as organized way. And part of the challenge I hear from successful people who say, oh my gosh, income inequality is awful and everything else. Mostly successful people always default to. And if we could just fix our K-12 system. Yeah, we got to fix our education system, but we got to shift some of the incentives in capitalism to make them work again. So let's do portable benefits. Let's think about how we treat investment in human beings as tax benefit asset class. And let's actually see if we can put some real teeth. What about AD5?

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  47. That will kill. About 200 of the top companies in America said, we think the notion of a corporation ought to be more stakeholder capitalism, so make money, but do all by employees and communities. Good words, but I'm working very hard with a group of folks on, RIBRT. This is great. How do you put some metrics behind this? How do you put some reporting requirements?

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  48. In the 90s, partially due to technology because the ability to move capital so quickly, were the only purpose of the corporation was Shareholder profits. And oftentimes short term. Milton Friedman, short term. Damn that. Short term shareholder profits. Right. Well, I think that will be the best.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  49. Has proposed a rulemaking to say public companies ought to report on their investments in human beings. If we start thinking about human investment, give it the tax benefit of tangible goods, if we think about human beings as actual assets. That gets a little squishy on how you do that on a balance sheet. But this notional idea, and there's a whole lot of things that come out of that. Then third point, just so I can see you urging me on, is I think the capitalism that built our country, particularly post-World War II, was one that said, yeah, you make money for your shareholders, but you can also do well by your employees and by your community. And that notion, which worked pretty darn well, got totally turned on its head

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT

  50. Yeah, you deductor, but you don't get a tax credit. You don't get. Anything on your balance sheet. We've gone from public companies 30 years ago having about 17% of their assets intangible to public companies today have about 85% intangible. So we ought to adopt what we did 40 years ago in one of those areas of intangible assets, which was research and development. And at first, the accountant said, oh, we can't figure out research is too squishy. Well, we figured it out in a drove trillions of dollars of investment. I've got bipartisan legislation that we create an R&D tax credit equivalent for investment in human beings. And this is just not some, you know, oh God, he's making some proposal that's not going to ever get there. The SEC, even under Trump.

    2019-09-27 · Decoder with Nilay Patel · Recode Decode: Senator Mark Warner · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT