YouSaid · the spoken record

Natalya Bailey

lines on the record: 99
first: 2021-02-01
most recent: 2021-02-01
sittings or episodes: 1
sources: podcast

Every line below is reproduced as it was said and linked to the record it came from. Nothing here is summarised or generated. Directory · Search · Corrections

“Yes. And I also haven't yet figured out what the. Connection, you know, an explanation I'm happy with yet for how it's connected. But Revolving beyond just the survival piece too. Emotional aspect, something in there about cooperation and, you know, love. And so I, in my day-to-day, that just boils down to, you know, the pursuit of knowledge or improving the human condition and being kind.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, we've touched on a lot of the different pieces of this, I think. I have a bunch of thoughts. I do think that, you know, the goal isn't the meaning. Isn't anymore just to be like a petri dish of bacteria that reproduces and where survival and reproduction are the main objectives? And maybe it's because now we're able to answer those questions. That's maybe the turning point. And instead, I think it's really the pursuit and generation of knowledge. So if we're taken out by an asteroid or something. I think that it will have been a meaningful endeavor if somehow our knowledge about the universe deserved. Is preserved somehow And the next Civilization isn't starting over again.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, I don't think one ends up in the field of space propulsion without thinking of these existential questions. Yeah, all the time.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, you're really creating the world just with the prompts from the book, right? Yeah. Yeah, that's different than watching a movie.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I told my three year old that that was why we read so much because we see the places in our mind and I'm like, it's basically like we're watching a movie. That's how it feels. And she's like, I prefer watching frozen with popcorn. You're three.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, and my husband was never that into fiction, but then someone pulled him or he heard, you know, you learn a lot of empathy through reading fiction. So you could think of it that way.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, probably most notably Harry uses it to summon his broomstick out of his dorm room when he's battling a dragon somewhere else. So he says the spell and the broomstick comes to him. So summoning in that way. Okay, there we go.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I always feel like I have to justify my fandom. The first three books came out when I was 10. Harry, age wise. And I read them all like nine or ten times all seven books. And I think anything that just keeps you reading is what's important. And, you know, I have lulls where I don't feel like reading anything. So I'll reread a Harry Potter or a, you know, trashy detective novel or something. And I don't really care. And that's why I mention Harry Potter because it You know, whatever just keeps me reading I think is important and it was a big part of my life growing up. And then yes, Axion. The official Story of the naming of the company is that Axion is like a concatenation of accelerate and ion, but it actually came from Accio, the summoning charm. And then we just added an N and it was perfect.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah. So that was very mind opening to me to read that. But it also, I think, is probably part of why I ended up marrying my husband is related to that book. And then I've had some other really great connections with people because I had read it and so had they.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Changing gears quite a bit, the beginning of infinity, do you know it by David Deutsch? So he's a physicist, I think at Cambridge or Oxford. And so I was introduced more formally to a lot of the ideas, like a lot of the things we've talked about, he has a lot more formalism and physics rigor around. And so I got introduced to, you know, more like jargon of how to think about some of these ideas and DNA as ultimate meme, the concept of infinity and objective beauty. But he has a really strong grounding in physics.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Even, you know, I don't know. I was surprised that even a lot of the Russian authors, you know, they're all just love stories.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yes. So I've been a voracious reader all my life. And I'm always reading like three or four or five books at a time. And now I use Audible a lot too and you know podcasts and things like that. So I think the first one that stands out to me is a novel. Tender is the night by Fitzgerald. And I read it when I was much younger, but I went back and read it recently and it's not that good. So I'm not sure why it has such an important place in my literary history. I love Fitzgerald as an author because he's very, he has very like flowery prose that I can just picture what he's saying, but he does it in such a creative way. I remember that one in particular because it, you know, I read a ton as a kid too, but it kind of set me was like the beginning of my adult reading life and getting into classics and”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Behavior and then I'm actually a lot better at it now, and it started with things she's like every time you walk through a doorway, think, you know, calm and take breath before responding. And there were all sorts of these little things we did. And it was mostly just changing the habit.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yes, this was like the first thing I worked on with my leadership coach was how not to just snap people when. They were being an idiot First, I got really good at apologizing. That was the first step because it was going to take longer to fix brilliant.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“And then I also was surprised, like I thought you could say here will be our culture and our values and that it was kind of distinct from who I and my co-founder were as people. And I was like, no, that's not how that works. We just kind of like. Ooze out our behaviors and then the company grows around that. So you have to do a lot of introspection and self-work to not end up with a shitty culture.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, exactly. Like, you can't wait five, ten years, and then just slap an HR person on to trying to fix it. Like, it has to be thoughtful from the beginning.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Lot of my time and resources. But you see them after the fact trying to repair the bro culture or whatever else is broken at the company. And I think that it's starting to change. But just to be aware of it from the beginning is important.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“So our guiding star hasn't changed at all. So that's been pretty consistent. But within that, we flip-flop on so many things all the time and to give you one example. It's do you stop and build a first product that's well suited to maybe a smaller, less exciting segment of the market? Or do you stay head down and focus on the big swing and trying to hit it out of the park right away? And we've flip-flopped between that. And there's not a blanket answer and there are a lot of factors, but that's a hard one. And I think one other piece for the aspiring founder, spending a lot of time and effort on the culture and people. Is so important and is always an afterthought and something that I haven't really seen like.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, you and the team. Yeah, exactly. To kind of younger people interested in getting into entrepreneurship, I would say, stay as close to first principles and fundamentals as you can for as long as you can, because really understanding the problems, you know, if it's something scientific or hardware related or even if it's not, but having a deep understanding of the problem and the customers and what people care about and how to move something forward is more important than taking all of the entrepreneurship classes in undergrad.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yes, I would say. Like I mentioned earlier, but make sure The vision is something that will get you out of bed in the morning and we'll get, and that you can rally other people around you to achieve, because I see a lot of folks that sort of cared about something or saw a window of opportunity to do something and startups are hard and more often than not just being opportunistic isn't going to be enough to make it through all the really crappy things that are going to happen.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“And maybe NASA's not the best organization to do it rapidly. But I think that. You know, again, depending on the goals, we're just kind of at the very starting point of space exploration and science and understanding. So we should be spending more money there and not less. And other countries are starting to spend more and more, and I think we'll fall behind because of that.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yes, I think for this type of mission is a little bit kind of straddles commercial and science. So I think it's good. But I do enjoy we've pulled back too much on NASA's role in the science and exploration part. And I think our pace is too slow there, you know, for my liking, I suppose.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I think that's all for the better though. It's so cool that it's such a commonplace thing now that we send, you know, I can't believe that sometimes I'll have to, you know, you don't even realize that astronauts are coming and going all the time, splashing back down. And it's just so common now, but that's quite magical, I think. So yes, we did watch that. I love, love, love that we finally have that capability again to send people to the space station. And it's just really exciting to see the private sector stepping up to fill in where the government has pulled back in the U.S. And I think pulled back way too soon as far as exploration and science goes, probably pulled back at the right time for commercial things and getting that started. But I'm really happy that it's even possible to do that with Private money and companies.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, I did watch it. We played it outside on a big screen at our place. I was a little, you know, they kept saying Bob and Doug, Bob and Doug. And, you know, astronauts usually are treated with a little bit more fanfare. So it felt very casual, but maybe that was a good thing. Like this is the era of commercial crude missions.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“No, I don't see SpaceX as a competitor, and I see them as one day not too long from now a customer, hopefully. I mean, to compete against that, I think you just have to do things in an unconventional way. So bringing silicon MEMS manufacturing to propulsion. NASA doesn't make ion engines using a batch mass producible technique. They have one guy that's been making their ion engines for 20 years like bespoke pieces of jewelry. Bringing things to what you're trying to innovate to make them, in our case, more cost effective was really key.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“So, you know, that's all to say that having a strong network, I think, is really important, but a genuine one. And let's see, other ways to build a rocket company, kind of making sure you're paying attention to the sweeping trends of the industry. So everybody just cares about cost and being able to get out ahead of that and even more than we ever thought we'd need to as far as what we needed to price our systems at. Since the start of the U.S. space industry, they've been paying 20, 25 million in adjusted dollars for an ion engine and seeing that now people are going to want to pay 10K for an ion engine and just staying out ahead of that and those kinds of things. So being out in the industry and talking to as many people as possible.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I think personally, a thread for me has been my network and Being able to draw on that a lot, but also giving back to it as much as possible in like an unsolicited sort of way, like making connections between people that, you know, maybe didn't ask, but that I think could be really fruitful. And even, you know, weirder than that is just really getting weird, uncomfortable conversations with people like at a conference and getting over the small talk quickly and getting to know them quickly and having a relationship that stands out and then being able to call on them later because of that. And I think that's been because I'm introverted and I want to poke my eyes out instead of go and do small talk. And so I Huddle in a corner with one person, and you know, we talk about aliens or things like that.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, well, I think the early stage is quite. I'm not supposed to use the word easy when you work in rocket science, but straightforward. When you're working on something sexy, like an ion engine, it's more straightforward to raise money and get people to come work for you because the vision's really exciting. And actually that's something I would say is very important throughout is a really exciting vision because when everything goes to crap, you need that to get people getting themselves out of bed in the morning. Thinking of the higher purpose there. And, you know, another thing along the way that I think is key in building any company is the right early employees that also have their own networks and can bring in a lot of people that really make the The whole greater than just the sum of the early team.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, and there's even things that are much more commonplace that we can't explain, but we've started to take for granted like quantum tunneling, just things like, oh, the electron was here with this energy and now it's here with this energy. And it's just tunneling. Yeah, I don't know. To use your same question from earlier. I don't know if you and I will see it, but yeah, someday”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Well, we're going to quickly leave the realm of what I can describe with any credibility, but... I think because of special relativity, if we try to accelerate some mass so close to the speed of light, it becomes infinitely heavy, and then we just don't have to like harness a lot of suns to do that. That math doesn't quite work out. child's my childlike heart, I believe that we're missing something, whether it's dark matter or other dimensions. And if you can just have some antimatter and a black hole and then ride that around and somehow turn that into some...”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, I love that project because there are a lot of different aspects. You know, there's the laser, there's how do you then get enough power when you're there to send a signal back? No part of that project is possible right now, but I think it's really exciting.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, using a laser, so launching them, and then while they're still relatively close to the Earth, you know, blasting them with some, I forget what even what power level you needed to accelerate them fast enough to get there in 20 years.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“You know, there's the project breakthrough starshot. That's looking at sending those tiny little chipsats and like accelerating.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Momentum was conserved. And I don't, you know, whatever. But finally, someone, I think at NASA built the device, tested it, got the same thrust, then unhooked it, flipped it backwards and turned it on, but got the same thrust in the same direction again. And so they're like, this is just an interaction with the test setup or, you know, the chamber or something like that.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, the most recent engine like this that was just debunked this year, I think in March or something was called the M drive and supposedly you used a power source so you know batteries or solar panels to generate microwaves into this resonant cavity and people claimed it produced thrust. So they they went straight from this really loose concept to building a device and testing it and they said we've measured thrust and sure on their thrust balance they saw thrust and different researchers built it and tested it and got the same measurements and so it was looking actually pretty good. No one could explain how it worked but what they said was that this inside the cavity the microwaves themselves didn't change but the speed of light changed inside the cavity so relative to that you know there”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Exactly. And you have to Know carry that up with you or find it on an asteroid or harvest it from somewhere if you didn't bring it with you. So not having to do that would be one of the ultimate game changers. And unless there are new types of physics, I don't know how we do it, but it comes up often. So it's something I do think about. And, you know, the one, I think it's called the Casmere Effect. If you can, if you have two plates and the space between them is on the order of these wavelength of these ephemeral vacuum particles that pop into and out of existence or something, I may be confusing multiple types of propellantless forces. But that could be real and could be something that we use eventually.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“So, you know, the real game changer would be propellant less propulsion. And so every couple years, you see a new, now a startup or a researcher comes up with some contraption for producing thrust that didn't require, you know, we've been talking about conservation of momentum mass times velocity out the back.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I really like the ones that show the moon and the lunar lander, and they're taken a little bit farther back. So you see Earth, and first you're like, wow, that's tiny and we're insignificant. And that's kind of sad. But then you see this really cool thing that we landed on another. You know, planetary body, and you're like, oh, okay.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Tens of thousands, yes. The two buckets of applications, one is imaging and the other is communication. So imaging, I think that will plateau because one satellite or one constellation can take an image or a video and sell it to infinity customers. But if you're providing communications like broadband internet or satellite cell or something like that satellite phone, you're limited by your transponders and so on. So to serve more people, you actually need more satellites and perhaps at the rate our data consumption and things are going these days. Yeah, I can see tens of thousands of satellites.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I think it's like 700 kilograms or microphone. Maybe a thousand kilograms down to 200 kilograms or People have their own kind of definitions of how they break them up, but small sat is still quite large and then it's kind of also applied as a blanket term for anything that's not a school best size satellite. Need to get our jargon straight industry”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Anything that's bigger than probably about 20 kilograms, anything that needs to stay up for more than a year, or anything somebody spent more than like 100K to build are kind of the ways I would think about it.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“You can track a ship going across the ocean, like if you need to, if you just pinging something, you know, you can handle that amount of data and those latencies and so on.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, so I think the smallest common form factor can fit a softball inside. So that's 10 centimeters on each side But then there are some companies working on fractions of that even. And they're doing things like IoT type application. So it's very low bandwidth type things, but they're finding some niches for those.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“At an altitude, that kind of sets the size of your telescope. But because of Moore's law, we are able to do a lot more. Comes more affordability and opening up access to space to more and more people.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Big the space industry prior to, I don't know, 1990, you know, I guess the bulk of the majority of satellites were the size of a school bus. Couple billion dollars. And now our first launches were on satellites the size of shoeboxes that were built by high school students. So that's a very different, you know, to give you the two ends of the spectrum. Big satellites will, I think they're here to stay at least as far as I can see into the future for things like broadcasting. You want to be able to broadcast to as many people as possible. You also can't just go to small satellites and say more is law for things like optics. So if you have an aperture on your satellite, that doesn't follow Moore's law. That's different. So it's always going to be the size it will be. You know, unless there's some new physics that comes out that I'm not aware of. But if you need a resolution and”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“That's okay, but the problem is that one good size satellite getting hit, that's like a ballistic event that turns into 10,000 pieces of debris that then are the things that go and hit. Other satellites”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Affordable in that instead of launching one satellite, they'll launch 20 small ones. Yeah. So if one gets taken out. Yeah.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, and then we have a lot of folks taking advantage of Moore's lawn, cheaper spacecraft, so they're launching them up without the ability to maneuver themselves. And they're like, well, I don't know, just don't hit me.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“Yeah, but it's not zero. Yeah, it takes a lot of planning and people on the ground and none of that really, I don't think right now is autonomous.”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source
“I think one of the recent rules of thumb I heard was per year some of these small satellites are doing like three collision avoidance maneuvers So that's”
2021-02-01 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #157 – Natalya Bailey: Rocket Engines and Electric Spacecraft Propulsion · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source