YouSaid · the spoken record

Nathalie Cabrol

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150
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2022-12-19
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2022-12-19
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  1. “Exactly right as the dominant species, at least technologically, etc. Maybe not the wisest one, but the dominant species, we have a responsibility towards the entire biosphere because the decisions we are making now normally affect us, they are affecting the entire biosphere. And right now the choices we are making are leading to the disappearance of 150 species every single day. All the big mammals on this earth today are on the brink of extinction. We are within the six greatest max extinction. It's unfolding before our eyes. And I would strongly suggest that we use our smart. To help a little bit this situation and we can do this, I think we can do this. We just need to redirect our energy.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  2. “Last days here, yeah, because of a number of things. I think that first we are not ready to set on Mars, regardless of what being said. It will happen. It will happen. And because we are explorers, humans, you know, there are explorers. So this will happen. And it's a good thing, depending on how we go about this. It can be a very good thing. You know, with time, as much has been exploring, continue to explore the big questions of origin and nature of life or exploring over planet, the love you are talking about, love, the love for my own planet has grown deeper. And my concern about it has grown deeper. So the data that I'm collecting to learn about other planets, I'm also using it to understand better our home planet and trying to make it a little better for the next generation.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  3. “Oh yeah, of course I'm curious. I was actually privileged to be working on Yusef Creator and deciding for the lending side of the Spirit rover, which means that I worked on that lending side for 15 years and I got to see it from the ground. That's the closest to being there and exploring. Of course, that's not physically be present there. If you were giving me the opportunity, of course I would go. But I know one thing, I would want to come back.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  4. “I think I hope that this is the fourth that drives the universe, although we might be experiencing the other side of it, maybe just to learn how important love is. That might be it, you know. For me, My experience with my husband where I never had to wake up every single morning ever wondering if I was loved, I had to look in his eyes and Lim looking back at me to know it, you know. So when you get to that point where you don't question it anymore, I would hope for humanity to reach that point where you can feel the same love for the person that is unknown in the street that you feel for the people you love. I think that at that point we are going to be reaching the maturity of that civilization we are hoping for and seeing the universe through love. That doesn't run spacecrafts, of course, but putting love into our intent of going into and settling into another planet instead of, oh my god.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  5. “It's not so much, you know, I have to really think of him. It just passed away this August, last August. And for me, it's more like I have to draw from his example on him always telling me. Look forward, trust life Be happy, live Today, every single day, I have to remind several times a day of this. It's not easy, but he had the recipe. He never thought about death, because when you start thinking too much about death, that prevents you from living. Gosh, we were so close. I think we were, it's more like one spirit in two bodies. We were that close. So missing him doesn't even cut it. I mean, it's It's the toughest mountain I ever climbed.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  6. “Yeah, that's part of life. And you know what? If something happens to me what I'm doing the stuff I love. A way of This will happen wherever it catches me. I don't know. I don't care. It will be what it will be. And I had the best of all masters for that. Had my husband. My husband and I were 44 years apart in age. And it was just a pure love story. And he never looked at his age. Never thought about himself. Define himself by his age. In fact, he reinvented a life for himself at an age where everybody retires. We met when he was 66. And that was a blessing and a curse, but a blessing, most of it, because we took every single day as if it was the last. So we enjoyed life. And right now”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  7. “I came out, but then I thought a lot about that guy. He was in his 30s. And it was like a sort of an echo from a few years before telling me that person would never have tomorrow. That person would never be able to fulfill his dream or even have dreams of any kind. And I was here and I was going to give myself the best chance to fulfill all the dreams I wanted to and go after all the questions I wanted to. And this is what get me going now, you know?”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  8. “Yeah, and I didn't more than thinking about it, but I was a darky one. For some reason, I'm still here. I still don't know why. But I'm still here. And the lesson for me was that never, ever again, because you have to give tomorrow a chance. You never can think about tomorrow in the terms of the present. You never know what can happen. You know what is going to happen if you go through what you want to do tomorrow is never happening, you know? And I had the other lesson came a few years later where I actually somebody was drowning and I went after that person. I almost died that day too, not that I wanted to, but it's just because the conditions were very, very difficult. That person died from there. Although we took him out of the water. But I had a lot of difficulty coming out.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  9. “I am going to give it my best and I won't give up and I won't give in. And this is a message that I carried all my life and I'm so very grateful that I did because all these things that I would have missed if I hadn't done that, you know, this is something that I wrote in my first book and part of it is the reason why I wrote it just because I felt that there were messages in my path. Oftentimes teenagers are troubled. It can be one way or another or if it's not a troubled teenage, you have times in your life where you doubt where you're just within your arm and say, what's the purpose? What's the reason why carrying on? And when I see all the things that I'm doing, the dream that I was able to fulfill, what a waste it would have been, you know.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  10. “Everything. I think that Is what's taking me on top of those big mountains And the irony is for me to be looking for the origin and nature of life because I was so close to losing it. But to me, that was a great lesson learned. That helped me see through the beauty of life. Going on the other side of that, it becomes really what made me and helped me go through absolutely everything and anything in life. Climb mountains and tell me there is something I want to know. And, you know,”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  11. “High resolution, we can do that regionally. And on top of that, so that's good for us through biology, for the search for life on Mars. That's good about how to learn where microbes could be that can be a problem for contamination both ways. So that's good for planetary protection. And since those stations would have communication capabilities on them, that's excellent for human exploration because now not only you have weather stations all over the place that can tell your astronauts. Learn the pattern when it's a good time to go out or not go out and also health and communicate when they go and do sorties. So there are a number of things you can do that can tell you lots of information.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  12. “One with the microbes, which means that we have lots of orbital data, which is good to understand habitability at the planet level or at the regional level. But we have very little data right now that is very useful to understand habitability at a scale that matters for the microbes at this point in time. So we need to do a better job with that. My idea is to have arrays of environmental station that could have a lot of benefits. One would be to give us that vision for the microbes. That would be good for us through biology. And second.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  13. “and they are in their little house. And when you are looking at the temperature within those rocks, they tend to make it toastier than the outside temperature. So there is a lot of things going on. So what I'm saying for Mars is that, yeah, right now you don't have an atmosphere very much 160 times thinner than the Earth. Six millibar is really not much, but it's there. But you still have a lot of UV, the short UV, like the nasty one, UVA, UVB, UVC that can really mess up your DNA and destroy it beyond repair. But as soon as you have a little alcove into a rock or a cleft, know i'd be looking at those places but you have to understand mars or any other planet for that matter at the level that matters for the microbe So then if you want.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  14. “You need to know where water is, where the source of energy is going to be drawn from. You need to find shelters. And shelters don't mean that, for instance, you can have a water column of a lake or a river, whatnot, or the ocean. It can be also a very thin layer of dust, or it can be a translucent rock. And you see what we call endolith. These are the same cyanobacteria, but the different version of them, they live inside the rocks, inside those crystals, because they have the best of life. They are into translucent crystals so that they receive the light from the sun. They can do the photosynthesis, but there is enough of that crystal so that the nasty UV is being stopped.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  15. “I have to become ity. So it's a big stretch. But in extreme environment, you sit in the desert for a while and you just try to understand where the wind's coming from, where the humidity, when it's showing up. And then you start to understand the patterns of those things.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  16. “I'm thinking of that just because of these experience as well, of extreme environments. You have to sit and look and listen basically. The story of my life, if I want to understand where microbes are located on Mars, I have to become the microbe, right?”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  17. “In the subsurface of Mars. And when the climate changes, when the obliquity goes beyond 30 degrees, then at that point, you will have some activation of that zone. You have thawing of the ice. So all this region is reactivated and maybe that's a way where you have pathways for life to move from the deep zone to closer to the surface. This is why I am one of those scientists who thinks that life might not be so far from the surface than we think.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  18. “Still there and probably on the ground where it can be in an environment that's more stable. So I don't know how stability is good or not. It might not be so good, but they might be in a different type of metabolism through dormancy, you know, waiting for different climate cycles. And there is the fact that Mars changes a lot faster than the Earth. And climate changes are a lot stronger in magnitude. So there might be a place on Mars. We know that there is a place on Mars deeper in the subsurface where temperature and pressure are good for liquid water to stay there. These would be good places for a stable habitat. Over time, no matter what happens at the surface. But if life is also caught between that deep zone and the surface, there is an active layer. There is a lot of ice.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  19. “So, this is what we have right now. And as far as I'm concerned, considering all the unknowns we have, I think there was as much chance that life originated on Mars that it did on Earth. And if it was at the surface, then it got in trouble after million years because of the disappearance of the magnetosphere, the loss of the magnetosphere and the atmosphere. But as we know, life doesn't only stay in one place. As soon as it's out there, it's going to adapt, it's going to give itself more chance to survive. And that to me means that if life appeared, I would say.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  20. “Know that there is life on Mars if there was a rabbit jumping in front of the rover. But we might be gathering, we have what we call a ladder of life detection, which is that you have a series of rungs that you need to go through that actually are not proving you that you discovered life, but are making the possibility that what you discovered was made only by the environment more and more improbable. So we are trying to prove the contrary, right?”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  21. “Yeah, this still has to be verified, but that's the closeness. And these are indirect evidence, like carbon left by the activity of life, not life itself. And there is a twist in the story for Mars is that it seems that Mars came together as a planet faster than the Earth and had water earlier than the Earth. So it may be that Mars was habitable and might have seen the beginning of life earlier than the Earth. So all of this is speculation, obviously, we haven't found any evidence or solid evidence yet, I would say unambiguous evidence, but unambiguous evidence of life is going to be something interesting to prove because we don't know what life is. Remember, so I always joke that the only way we would”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  22. “Right. So when you're looking at the environment of Mars early on, it's fairly similar to that of early Earth. Never was exactly the same because Mars was always farther from the sun than the Earth, right? So it was always a little cooler, but you have to imagine maybe the Arctic during the summer, that would be early Mars with a lot going on for it in terms of environment, very favorable to even life as we know it. We don't know how fast life Happen on earth. There are signs right now showing that it might have actually originated only 200 million years after the crust cooled down”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  23. “That's not the going in the water. When I'm underwater, I'm fine. And if I wanted, I could stay longer, but it wouldn't be very wise.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  24. “And I have not been diving in a while, so probably I need to go back to the drawing board and the bottom of the swimming pool But having training from the past, I think it will pick up much more faster then. Basically, I would never at those altitude, I would never go over three minutes. That would be suicidal”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  25. “No, it's science, and then they most science, and it's just a very physical thing that you have to do. So we trained ourselves like athletes.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  26. “I never looked, for those I am not after records at all. In fact, I didn't know I had broken those records when that happened. We did that as part of our expedition, our scientific expedition.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  27. “Shitty stuff happened. They met, they bred together, they fought against each other, what humans do. You had to expect that. But the thing is that Neanderthal was completely adapted for a very long time to leave at the edge of those glaciers. There were probably in a weakened situation when homo sapiens came and started to spread. Basically This is what life does. It adapts and if you cannot add up anymore, it disappears and something else takes over.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  28. “Well, it will shut down those that cannot survive. Obviously, this is a statement that's kept in obvious right there, but it's also the survival of the fittest. And this is what evolution is, right? So they are here because they were the most adaptable. And so Evolution is going to show the path of the fittest. The one that cannot resist, they might have a good time for a little while, but then, you know, we've seen this at much different scale and with complex life not so long ago, 100,000 years ago. Neanderthal. Side by side by homo sapiens. But Nendethal was completely adapted to a cold earth, to a glacial earth of the end of the Pleistocene. And when conditions change. He couldn't”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  29. “Here you have bacterias like that. I know bacteria, you find them everywhere. It's really something you find all over the place. But if you find them here in California, they will turn their protection against UV during the day in summer, and they will switch it off at the end of the day. There in the Andes, it's so nasty that that thing stays on all the time. But if you take samples and bring them back here and start to culture them like we did on top of a building, leaving them, you know, you will see the second generation of this organism. They are starting to switch on and off again. So they are extremely adaptable, extremely rugged. And that's why they are still here. And probably that's why we are here, because life founds ways.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  30. “Yes, they have adapted to very high UV radiation and it's not only because they are at high altitude, it's because early Earth didn't have an ozone layer. So when those ancestors of those bacteria originated, they have to survive a world where you had lots of short UV coming down at the surface and also lots of hydrothermal environment, you know, volcanoes and hot water, lots of salt. And you see all this toolbox steel. Embedded in those microorganisms today, four billion years later, it's just amazing. And depending on the environment, they are going to switch some of these defenses adaptation on or off. The UV situation there is so nasty that”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  31. “I really woke up literally one morning saying, you know, we have been coming here for three years now, try and understand how to search for life on Mars. But what this place is showing us is what's happening right here, right now on our own planet. And by exploring those extreme environments, we are also reaching to places not too many people go. And so we are learning more about our own biospheres and the diversity of our own life here on Earth. So these are the two main things, you know, that I would say.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  32. “The UV environment is so nasty, but there you find the same microorganism that made the very first fossils on Earth 3.5 billion years ago. And they keep surviving. They developed an adaptation Swiss Armin knife, if you prefer. And so you learn about that. You learn about what they are, how they adapt through times and through environmental changes, which is really important. What are their signatures we learn to recognize them? We learn what kind of instrument we need, what kind of signature, whether it's chemical or morphological or whatnot. So basically we learn how to explore. But I would say that to me, and this is a realization, interestingly enough that came three years into the project.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  33. “So the science reveals that life is resilient. When I started that project, I told my husband, I said, this is going to be very fast. We are going in such nasty environment that we're not going to find anything. And in a world back home fairly soon. So 20 years later, we are still studying those environments.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  34. “So, with nothing left of me, I got in the car and I felt in the car as we were heading back towards camp. I could have passed out. I really fought back and I'm not the kind of passing out really, you know, easy, but there was nothing left. I had no energy, no nothing. It's fabulous how you react and how this is embedded in your brain from ends of evolution, of reaction to dangerous situation, basically.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  35. “That was closed. And it's interesting how the human body and mind works because I know that from the moment my friend told me that the volcano seemed to be erupting. I was going on adrenaline. But when we got close to them and I saw him, we were getting close to the cars. I saw him come in towards me and the slope all of a sudden and all the adrenaline went away. Was a mess. I had to find the first rock and sit down. It was gone. I mean,”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  36. “But that was 500 meters 500 meter higher than we were, so we are safe. I was just making sure that it would not go down the slope where we were safe. So we stayed and just rested for a little while. And after that, we descended. And it was all on adrenaline. I can tell you what, I had two of my crew with headaches, part of one of them was because of the altitude we climbed very fast. The other one was because of the cloud. She was the closest to the cloud when it happened. So we descended fast.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  37. “Where is the club going? The wing is shifting. It's coming your direction. Yeah, that was a day like that, you know. And I am talking to him on the radio and I'm turning around. And as I turned around, I see the cloud starting to pop on the opposite side of the rim, you know. So at that time, we had no choice anymore because now you have to figure out what's going to kill you first. And so there was the risk or the potential of an avalanche. Least you can see the rocks. Gaz is going to kill you before you can see it. So I called everybody back. We gather our stuff. I didn't give too much detail, but I say it's time to go downhill and fast, which we did. We stopped only when we were at Mid Camp. And then at that point, we saw the cloud just completely covering the summit where we were. So we did well to bail out.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  38. “Sulfur. And then when you have sulfur mixed with the water vapor or the water in your lungs, this turns into sulfuric acid. Then you're really screwed. And I say, okay, where...”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  39. “So sit there. And he called me after that and say, well, you know, it's still going to Argentina. Fine. Okay. And then a little later he calls me and say, Natalie, things are changing here. Say, okay, what's going on? I say, well, the cloud is a little yellow. And I was thinking myself.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  40. “And then my friend is telling me that the volcano seems to be starting to erupt. If that volcano goes up, we have nowhere to go. That got my attention. So, if you say scared, I would say that I got the realization that that meant. I went called for like a fraction of a second, but that meant that just my adrenaline started to kick in. And it was a very, very strange experience because now you have tunnel vision. It's all about survival. And I say, okay, now you are going to tell me what I need to know. Tell me, what do you see? Say, I see smoke. What kind of smoke? He say, it's white. I say, no big deal. That's water vapor. Okay. Where's going? It's going to Argentina. That was the opposite direction of where we are. I said, okay, I'm staying where I am because right now there is no danger. And there is still the issue of the aftershock. I didn't want to have the team caught in the gully in the central gully of the volcano with a avalanche coming at us.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  41. “the foot yeah we've known each other as i said we are family this team is family we've known each other i am the godmother as kid so we we are close and i could feel for the first time in in my life that he actually was scared and he was calling me every 30 seconds telling me stuff i said you have to stop this now just call me to give me information that is useful for me to make decisions and so I say okay what's going on all right it tells me you know there is still avalanching etc and then a few minutes later he calls me say i think that lascar is erupting so now i have to tell you we are on a volcano the next volcano we share a slope with it is a low a little lower but that's the most temperamental volcano of the entire chain and this one as an isary”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  42. “Three weeks, so he knew exactly what to do. And he said, Narie, don't, no problem. Give me your bags. I'll do the sampling for you. So I was monitoring the situation. I wasn't at that point. And There was another moment, my friend downstairs, I could, you know.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  43. “And I said, okay, so if this is what's happening, then I'm taking everybody to the summit because we have a very large crater that will take care of avalanching, will be safe. And I'm waiting for the aftershock because this is what you do when you have earthquakes. So here we go, taking everybody in the crater. And now you have half a dozen scientists in the crater with the crater lake. And this is why we came for so we just had a 7.8 earthquake. And what do you think they do? Well, of course they do the signs they came to do. So the only thing is that I couldn't because my radio was only working when I was on the rim of the crater. But I had a little assistant with me, a young Bolivian teenager. He had been shadowing me for”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  44. “And it was freaking out because he said everything is avalanching. And I'm very puzzled because we are in a very dangerous bar, the volcano. Nothing's happening. I turn around and then this is when I realized there is just absolutely everywhere. Everything that I saw two minutes before, it's gone, just disappearing to a wall of dust, but nothing's happening where we are. And our friends down, they were freaking out because they were seeing everything avalanching. And especially the other side of the mountain we were on was avalanching.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  45. “The colors are that of early Earth, which means primordial Earth. It occurs, yellows, oranges, browns with a dark blue sky. And so you are just, you know, it's a time machine. You're just out there and you're climbing 42 degree slopes. So all of a sudden I'm right next behind the guide and the guide has been with us, it's family. You know, we've been together for 10 years. And he's starting to do that. I don't discuss when Macario do that, you know, I listen and I ask the team to do the same thing where maybe half a dozen. And then I went to talk to him and said, what's going on? He's on the radio. And then he gives me the radio. I'm talking to my logistic chief officer who was at the bottom. And he said, we're having a tremendous earthquake. He was saying that actually the ground was waving. It was so bad.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  46. “No, it's not shaking. That's the interesting part of it. There was a whole background of things that happened that day when we started off. But we got to 50 meters from the summit. And I have part of my logistics team that is at the foot of the mountain. And being so close to the summit, we have to go under overhang of lava. So it's just like we are just under this big vault of lava and it's actually beautiful. If you want something beautiful is the Altiplano scene from 20,000 feet. It's just absolutely stunning.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  47. “Altitude sickness, how you prepare for that, how you recognize that, these are the yellow risks. And then the red risk. The red risks are what they call the acts of gods, the kind of thing that they can happen. You know there is nothing you can do about it and then you accept that when you do that. So those are volcanic eruptions when you're in this kind of environment, earthquakes. Everything that an avalanche is, for instance”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  48. “No, you can't, and that's the acts of God, you know, working with NASA, although I am the director of the study institute, my grants are coming from NASA, so I'm a NASA contractor. And every time we go to those environments, we have to go through the rigorous process of training with NASA and checking all the boxes for safety. So they are training and training and training us. And I have to thank them because a lot of those trainings are the things that are in your brain when these kind of things happen. You know how to react and you are not freaking out. But in all of the things they are training us for, you have the green risk, the yellow risk, and the red risk. So the green risks are basically the don't be stupid and don't do the kind of thing you wouldn't be doing at home. Like it's jumping, you know, on rocks that are not stable. You can tweak your ankle, you know. And then you have other risks like having”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  49. “This is where most of the risk is because Can be well prepared, but for one reason or another, you get sick, you know, and you can get sick not only because of high altitude sickness. It can be a number of things. Or you can be tired or you can catch a cold. And then, of course, you have the mountain itself. We had a magnitude 7.8 earthquake hitting one day when we were 50 meters away from the summit.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  50. “So I removed The lifesavers that I had, and I just went in the water. My mom said before she could do anything, I was under. And it was like a natural thing. And for me, I felt immediately at home. And, you know, as little as I was, completely. And it goes beyond that. You know, this sense of connectedness or oneness or whatever, I always felt good and underwater. So it doesn't matter really if it's 20,000 feet. The thing that's matter at that point is that you need to get there. So you need to get with all the gears, with your hiking, tracking, equipment, high mountaineering gears. And when you get on top of that, you have to remove all that and don a suit.”

    2022-12-19 · Lex Fridman Podcast · #348 – Nathalie Cabrol: Search for Alien Life · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source