YouSaid · the spoken record

BHUTTO

lines on the record: 226
first: 1960-09-24
most recent: 1965-09-24
sittings or episodes: 4
sources: un-general-debate

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“My delegation believes that, with their distinctive experience, they have a rich contribution to make to the problems which continue to face the peoples of Asia and Africa. Old disputes persist and new frictions have arisen. The time has come, therefore, to convene a second Asian-African conference to review the conclusions and recommendations adopted by the first and to revitalize and renew its pledges which still remain unfulfilled. We have no doubt that a second conference will not fail to make a valuable contribution to world peace. 37. The passing of colonialism is only the first step towards the establishment of rational and mutually beneficial economic relations between the nations, essential to the well-being of the world as a whole and to the creation of a true international community.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“The nations of Asia, and even those of Europe, which are yet lacking in a similar kind of consciousness of their continents must applaud the peoples of Africa for setting them an example, Pakistan wishes God-speed to free Africa in its search for continental unity. 36. Eight years ago, in the beautiful city of Bandung, twenty-nine independent States of Asia and Africa met together in the first inter-continental conference of the former subject races in the history of mankind. The Bandung Conference enunciated ten principles of international conduct, including the elimination of colonialism in all its forms and manifestations, to guide them in their international relations. Since 1955, more than a score of dependent peoples have emerged as independent and sovereign States.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“We pray that the leaders of Portugal who have set their country against the world will have the vision to see where lie its true interests in Africa and in the world. 35. In this context, the General Assembly must take note of a historic event which took place in May of this year. Heads of State of thirty-two African countries met in Addis Ababa and pledged themselves with remarkable unanimity to take active measures in order to liberate the remaining dependent territories in that continent. The Conference adopted a Pan-African charter and established a consultative machinery. The Pakistan delegation hails this event as the manifestation of Africa's urge to political unity and the consciousness of a Pan-African community. A historian of antiquity has observed that out of Africa there always comes something new.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“All over the world one sees colonialism giving way to a relationship between nations based on equality and mutual respect. It is our earnest hope that the Governments of the United Kingdom and the other Administering Authorities will continue to follow the path of wisdom in granting self-government and independence to the remaining Non-Self-Governing Territories under their administration, in accordance with the aspirations of the peoples concerned. 34. It Is a matter of the deepest regret that Portugal persists in an attitude which is contrary to the trend of history and at variance with Portugal's own great past. When the colonial systems of the other European Powers are in the process of total dissolution, it is contrary to the laws of life to expect that Portuguese rule in Africa will not pass away.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“We welcome the decision of the Security Council calling for an embargo on the sale of any kind of arms to South Africa, We hope that, in their own true interest, all those countries whose close political and commercial links with South Africa place them in a position to put effective pressure on the racist regime will not hesitate too long before doing so. The Pakistan delegation is in full sympathy with the efforts that are being made by the General Assembly and its organs to exert pressures on South Africa to develop a multiracial community in which: ". . . the social and legal structures would be dedicated to equality of all before the law, and to the participation of all ethnic groups on an equal footing, in economic, social, cultural and political activities." 33.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“Let us pray that the time for hope is not past, for the ordeal which South African Government has imposed upon all its people can result only in a victory for hate and chaos. 31. But let us not court disaster by the fond hope that the moral pressure of appeals made year after year by this Assembly will deflect the South African Government from its fatal course. The interests of the peoples of South Africa, be they white, black or brown, and of the peace and tranquillity of Africa and of the world demand that effective measures be taken to check the inhuman policies of South Africa and to avert disaster. 32.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“The bitter legacy of these ideas will, we hope, disappear with the final disappearance of colonialism. In the newly independent countries of Africa one sees today men of all races working together in mutual respect and to mutual advantage. 30. In South Africa alone, the doctrine of racial discrimination is proclaimed as the official philosophy of the State. The rulers of that unhappy country, blind to the evidence of their eyes, deaf to the appeals of the world, and ignoring the march of history, have attempted to halt its course. South Africa could become the hope of Africa; its rulers have chosen to make it the shame of the world. For many years mankind has hoped and prayed that good sense and reason would prevail in South Africa over prejudice and folly.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“The United Nations was established not to perpetuate privilege, but to ensure that, through peaceful change, a world community might be evolved in which no nation will dominate or rise against another. 28. The domination by one people by another is no new phenomenon; however, the organized form which it has taken under the system of colonialism is perhaps unique in the history of the world. The most pernicious aspect of colonial rule is that economic exploitation, which is its basic purpose, was sought to be concealed under the notion of the superiority of one race over another, whether as reflected in the brutal form of apartheid or in the more subtle doctrine of civilizations, holding empire over distant lands for the selfless purpose of training their backwards peoples in the arts of life. 29.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“These facts are central in our awareness. They inform our policy towards our neighbour. We are ever ready to continue the search for a basis of peaceful and honourable coexistence through an equitable settlement of all our mutual differences, of which by far the most important is Kashmir. 27. If war and violence are to be banished, then ways must be found to solve international disputes peacefully. The world we live in is passing through a period of transition and conflict. There are disputes between nations, there are struggles against domination, there are problems created by racial discrimination and by the existence of economic imbalances between nations. These are the tribulations of our age.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“A solution by war is inconceivable; it carries the risk of developing into a much wider conflict. It is therefore with deep apprehension that we view the radical alteration in the delicate military balance of the region by the augmentation of India's military strength. Our fears of the resulting danger to the security of Pakistan are not purely psychological; they are deeply rooted in history and flow from the evidence of India's readiness to resort to military force to settle disputes with its neighbours. Similar fears have also been voiced in other countries of the region. 26. Pakistan bears no ill will to the people of India. The people of Pakistan have shared a common history with the people of India for nearly a thousand years. During this long period they have influenced each other in many ways.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“It is our earnest hope that it will be resolved in accordance with law and the principles of justice. 24. It is a cardinal principle of the foreign policy of Pakistan to live in peace and friendship with all its neighbours, without exception. With some of them we have had differences. We have been largely successful in composing them. We have concluded boundary agreements with Burma, India, Iran and the People's Republic of China which have resolved border disputes on the basis of mutual accommodation and friendship. 25. No country regrets more deeply than mine the outbreak of the border conflict between its two giant neighbours, China and India. This conflict has been a matter of deep and direct concern to us. Its repercussions have complicated the problem of our own security. We believe that this dispute can be resolved peacefully.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“The Kashmir dispute remains the basic cause of conflict between Pakistan and India. The other frictions and differences between the two countries are not comparable in magnitude and gravity to this essential issue which impinges on the viability and future of Pakistan itself. We are confident that all the other outstanding problems between us and our neighbour can be settled amicably if only the Kashmir quarrel is settled. 23. For more than a year, relations between Pakistan and India have been further aggravated by the expulsion of tens of thousands of Muslim citizens of India from their homes in the States of Assam and Tripura across the border into East Pakistan. This problem is being discussed by the two Governments through diplomatic channels.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“We have said repeatedly that we are prepared to accept any impartial third-party verdict on this issue. It is India which makes an allegation and then refuses to submit it to impartial investigation. 20. Against the background of the assurances that I have quoted, it will not be difficult to appreciate the concern of the Government of Pakistan, and the indignation of our people, when the Prime Minister of India, as in his statement of 13 August 1963, talks of the idea of a plebiscite as being "old and discarded". 21. Pakistan seeks no concession but the right of the people of Kashmir to settle their own future. Let me state clearly and unambiguously from this rostrum that we shall not, now or ever, barter away the rights of the people of Kashmir in return for a settlement on the basis of a division of spoils. 22.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“Again, what could be clearer than the following declaration of the Prime Minister of India in his communication of 31 October 1947, addressed to the Prime Minister of Pakistan: "Our assurance that we shall withdraw our troops from Kashmir as soon as peace and order are restored and leave the decision regarding the future of this State to the people of the State is not merely a promise to your Government but also to the people of Kashmir and the world." Was any international commitment ever more clearly made, so consistently repeated, and yet more wilfully dishonoured? 19. Sometimes, rather than deny the commitment, India's representatives contend that there were conditions attached to the commitment which were not fulfilled and that Pakistan did not fulfil those conditions.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“Could any commitment be clearer than the very first article of the resolution of 5 January 1949: "The question of the accession of the State of Jammu and Kashmir to India and Pakistan will be decided through the democratic method of a free and impartial plebiscite.". 18. The pledge, that the future of Kashmir shall be determined in accordance with the will of the people as freely expressed, was given not only to the United Nations but directly by India to Pakistan.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“This principle was accepted by both parties to the dispute. Its implementation has been blocked by one party. We now hear it said that India has made no such commitment. We know, of course, that the easiest way to repudiate a commitment is to deny that it was ever made. However, the commitment, the pledge, the word of honour are on public record, which may sometimes be forgotten but can never be expunged. Furthermore, the commitment is not of a vague and general nature, made in some pious declaration, but is explicitly embodied in an international agreement as set forth in the two United Nations resolutions which were solemnly accepted by India and Pakistan and which constituted the basis for the cessation of hostilities in Kashmir.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“Among these disputes, the Kashmir question has a dimension and an importance of its own, involving, as it does, the future of 550 million people of Pakistan and India, the largest concentration of population next to that of China and more than one sixth of the human race. Estranged from each other, the two countries must remain the chief source of danger to the stability of the Asian continent. Reconciled, they have it in their power to assure the future of a large segment of mankind. 16. While this is no occasion for me to attempt a presentation of the Kashmir question in detail, I must yet remind the Assembly that the central issue in the dispute is that of self-determination. Pakistan seeks no other solution than that of the free exercise of this right by the people of Kashmir. 17.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“Neighbour is set against neighbour, peoples divided by war and diplomacy are made the pawns of forces beyond their control. In Viet-Nam and in Korea, in Laos, in Palestine and in the subcontinent of India and Pakistan, there exist bitter disputes and explosive situations which disturb the tranquillity of Asia and the peace of the world. Is it not time to take a new look at the state of this largest of all the continents and to devise an approach that looks beyond the policies of maintaining the status quo and is in accordance with the right of self-determination of peoples? For the well-being of the teeming masses of Asia and for the sake of the peace of the world, it is imperative to find just solutions to the disputes that divide Asian nations. 15.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“In Africa the death spasms of colonialism and the obstinate pursuit of the false doctrine of racial superiority kindle the embers of old fears and hates. In the Caribbean, which in 1962 brought the world to the brink of catastrophe, there is yet no peace but only a precarious truce. But it is in Asia, with its stormy history, that peace is perhaps the least secure. This vast and ancient continent, inhabited by more than half of the population of our planet, continues to be the scene of great convulsions which may well change the destiny of mankind. The giant has awakened; still hardly conscious of its strength but capable, as in the past, of setting in motion forces and events that could change the course of world history. From end to end, from the Pacific to the Mediterranean, there is tumult and conflict.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“We cannot see past the veil which obscures the future. Dangerous questions are still outstanding. There has been no change as yet in the position of the East and the West on Viet-Nam, Laos, Germany, Berlin and Cuba, even though their frozen positions have somewhat melted. Nevertheless, the world is breathing with relief the new atmosphere of a limited "détente" which is unmistakable. We pray that as a culmination of the current trend, a mutually acceptable modus vivendi may be reached between the great Powers. 13. Apart from the East-West tension, serious problems persist and continue to poison relations among nations. As President Kennedy said here the other day [1209th meeting], the cold war is not the only expression of tension in this world and the nuclear race is not the only arms race. 14.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“These statements contain concrete proposals which we hope will provide a basis for serious negotiations among the interested Powers and contribute to a further amelioration of the situation. We see in the test-ban treaty a sign and a symbol of the will of the Soviet Union and the Western Powers for peaceful coexistence. President Kennedy and Chairman Khrushchev looked into the abyss and stepped back from it. We are told that there are no possibilities of coexistence in the ideological field. Nevertheless, as statesmen, they cannot want nuclear war. Their enlightened self- interest demands that they re-establish sanity in the world because the two super-states whose destinies they guide must recognize the limits of their power. 12. The world is asking itself the question: Will the test-ban treaty be a turning-point in history?”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“In particular, my delegation welcomes the proposal to establish inspection posts at the main points of concentration and movements of military forces in the NATO and Warsaw Pact countries. We hope these limited steps in disarmament, and other measures such as the reduction of military expenditures and the release of an agreed proportion of funds thus saved for the purpose of economic and technical assistance to the developing countries, could be taken in the atmosphere created by the conclusion of the test-ban treaty. 11. As the speakers who have preceded me have pointed out, this Assembly meets in an atmosphere of goodwill and hope. We are encouraged by the constructive statements addressed to the Assembly by President Kennedy and the Foreign Minister of the Soviet Union.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“We trust that with the conclusion of the test-ban treaty, pragmatic good sense will prevail over doctrinaire considerations. My delegation believes that at this stage, the Eighteen-Nation Committee on Disarmament could profitably devote itself to the task of reaching agreements on such limited measures as the prevention of surprise attack and the placing in orbit or stationing in outer space of weapons of mass destruction. We welcome, in this connexion, the recent agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union for peaceful co-operation in outer space. The United States and the Soviet Union have also indicated their readiness to make mutual concessions in order to facilitate agreements on measures to prevent surprise attack and war by accident.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“The objective of an effective system of safeguards should be to ensure, by inspection and verification at every stage of the process, from the designing and manufacture of the reactor equipment to the disposal of nuclear material, that atomic power intended for peaceful uses will not and cannot be used for other purposes. 10. While basic differences of both a qualitative and a quantitative nature continue to persist on the substantive issues of general and complete disarmament and on measures for effective international control, the negotiations in Geneva do seem to my delegation to have opened prospects of limited steps which can be taken immediately. In the past, much controversy existed between the merits of a partial approach to disarmament as against attempts to deal with the problem in a comprehensive manner.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“Time and again the Agency has drawn attention to the increase in the number of countries reaching the stage of nuclear capability and the danger of such capability being diverted to war-like purposes. We support the decision of the Board of Governors of the International Atomic Energy Agency to recommend extension of its safeguards to nuclear reactors exceeding the capacity of 100 thermal megawatts and to study the question of applying safeguards to equipment. The great merit of international safeguards, as compared to bilateral safeguards, is that, teeing uninfluenced by political expediencies, they inspire greater world-wide confidence.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“The General Assembly is aware of this danger. Permit me to observe that the mere adoption of resolutions against dissemination of nuclear weapons and in favour of the establishment of a non-nuclear club, will not remove this danger. Unless the United Nations takes effective and urgent action in this direction, the race in nuclear armaments is bound to overtake other parts of the world in the immediate future." [1133rd meeting, para. 16.] In the reluctance of some Member States to accept the safeguard system devised by the International Atomic Energy Agency, we find cause for grave concern, particularly when the aversion to agency safeguards is accompanied by the priority plans to produce elements essential to the manufacture of nuclear weapons.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“Unless these and other measures of nuclear disarmament are taken, the test-ban treaty, although welcome in itself, may turn out to be of only illusory value in dissipating the fear of nuclear war from the minds of men. My Government attaches the highest importance and priority to the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons as a next step in the quest for general and complete disarmament under effective international control. 9. In this regard. President Mohammad Ayub Khan gave expression to the concern of Pakistan in his address to the seventeenth session of the General Assembly in the following words: "An aspect of disarmament which is of deep concern to Pakistan is the clear and present danger of the spread of nuclear weapons and the knowledge of their technology to States which do not now possess them.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“Let us hope that by this treaty our progeny and succeeding generations will be safeguarded against the agony of a living death. But as a measure of disarmament, the test-ban treaty is important more for what it promises than for what it has achieved. As has been well said, it is but the first step on a thousand-mile journey. It does not prohibit underground tests, it does not halt the nuclear arms race, much less reverse it. 8. At the time of adhering to the treaty, the Government of Pakistan expressed the strong hope that the prohibition of testing would be followed soon by agreements to cease underground tests also and to prevent the further spread of nuclear weapons.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“No significant military Power, much less a major military Power, can be excluded from the scope of its implementation. Nor can it be expected that it would accept the obligation of a disarmament treaty negotiated without its representation. 5. The treaty banning nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere, in outer space and under the water comes as a ray of light on a dark horizon. Our children and generations yet unborn have been safeguarded against the future poisoning of the air they breathe, the water they drink and the food they eat. 6. In the Dark Ages, when unwanted children were buried alive, the Prophet Muhammad cried out in wrath: "What will you answer when the innocents that you have slain rise before God's judgement seat and ask, 'For what crime were we slain'?" 7.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“However, the subsequent record of the negotiations has not been encouraging. Stockpiles of nuclear weapons and the means of their delivery have not ceased to multiply. The Eighteen-Nation Committee on Disarmament which has been dealing with this urgent problem has made little progress. That this should be so is no reflection on the endeavours and the good faith of its members. One has only to study the contributions made by many of them to appreciate the value of the Geneva discussions. 4. May I state, however, that the non-representation in this forum of certain militarily significant States in the world imparts to its deliberations a degree of unreality. If disarmament is to be general and complete it must obviously be universal.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“Peace alone can ensure human survival and progress. Such peace as the world enjoys today is precarious and uncertain, maintained only by the knowledge that nuclear war will end not in victory but in mutual annihilation. Yet the great Powers hold in readiness immense stores of weapons and engines of destruction which serve only to increase tension and mutual suspicion. The first necessity, therefore, is to put an immediate end to this dangerous and self-defeating arms race in which the great Powers have been engaged for more than a decade. Ever since the end of the Second World War, the United Nations has been preoccupied with this fundamental problem. 3. The decision of the General Assembly adopted three years ago, setting the aim of general and complete disarmament, was an important new development in the search for an enduring peace.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“Mr. President, it is my privilege to convey to you the warmest congratulations of the delegation of Pakistan on your unanimous election to the high office of President of the eighteenth session of the General Assembly of the United Nations. Beyond the formal ties of diplomatic relations between your great country and mine lie the intangible bonds of shared attitudes and aspirations which constitute a firm basis of friendship between Pakistan and Venezuela and the vast continent to which your country belongs. I am confident that under your wise and skilful guidance this Assembly, which is meeting in a time of hope and expectation, will advance mankind toward the fulfilment of the ideals for which this Organization was established. These ideals revolve around one central purpose: the attainment and preservation of world peace. 2.”
1963-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 18 (1963)
“May it be given to the great men who take part in this session of the Assembly to prove that it is otherwise;, that mankind does have freedom of choice and that peace and war in this age of glorious opportunity and mortal peril are not predetermined but hinge upon the exercise of man’s free will and his determination to avert the ultimate world tragedy.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“We have the means because we are now told that according to the correct interpretation of Marxism-Leninism, war between the two social systems is not inevitable. But those who witness the arms race between the East and West cannot but be burdened by the fear that, unless it is immediately halted and the trend reversed, war is inevitable. A race in armaments has never ushered in peace; it has ever brought the sword. To one who can contemplate the terrestrial scene with a deep insight into the march of history, it would seem that a blind fate is moving us towards self-destruction. Is it that an imminent and blind will rules our affairs, driving us to inevitable doom?”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“The Charter enjoins us not only to save ourselves, but also succeeding generations from the scourge of war. It has often been said that in the event of world conflagration, there will be neither victor nor vanquished. This seems obvious, but even if there is a sham victor, his victory will be that of the dying over the dead; his thrill the dubious one of glory in the utter demolition of civilization, the destruction of its culture, of its universities, of its institutions for art and science, of its mosques and temples and churches. It will be on this scene that the victor, too, will pass into nothingness. 46. We have the opportunity and the means to avert this catastrophe and to realize mankind’s dream of progress towards a future unbelievable at the present time. Shall we also have the will and the courage?”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“of fortune and the fluctuations in international relations, mankind has subsisted on hope, hope for a world free from humiliating poverty and degrading fear. The progress of science has opened majestic vistas of new worlds; yet, while there is the infinity of space to be explored and conquered, those in whose hands lies the knowledge and the means to do so are engaged in internecine struggle which creates new fears every day. The problem of poverty remains unsolved. There are hundreds of millions of men and women and children who from birth to the grave live an existence of privation and insecurity. May we not hope that these problems may be dealt with as the primary ones and that the phantom of armed conflicts and nuclear annihilation will be exorcised from the world — so beautiful and full of such great opportunities for happiness. 45.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“The system enables the people of Pakistan to be associated in the activities of government through their elected representatives at every level of the administration, beginning with the village and culminating at the centre of the highest functions of the State. Our objective in Pakistan is not to imitate systems of polity which have evolved in the altogether different historical circumstances of other countries. Our aim is to institute a system rooted in the experience of our own people and enabling them to reorient their whole outlook regarding their collective welfare. We believe that our system of Basic Democracies is the answer to our needs. 44. It has been said that hope builds sooner than knowledge destroys, and thus despite the many buffets.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“He firmly believes in promoting fraternal relations between the peoples of the under-developed countries, particularly Asia and Africa, and to that end he has directed his efforts in a most positive and constructive way. Under his leadership, Pakistan is engaged in a great political experiment known as "Basic Democracies”. The objective of this political system is to foster and encourage the creative urges of our peoples. 43. The system of Basic Democracies is an attempt to evolve a political framework related to the conditions in the country, in conformity with our requirements and suited to the genius of our people.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“It is our most earnest hope that this noble precedent will give rise to a new spirit in the relations between Pakistan and India, and lead to the settlement of this problem of problems of our vast region. 42. We have always believed that every people and every nation must be permitted to live according to its own way of life, which reflects its accumulated national heritage. In fact, it represents an accretion of history. We, the 90 million people of Pakistan, claim to pattern our lives on the precepts of Islam. After all our turmoils and tribulations we now have a leader in whom the people of our country have reposed their hopes and their faith.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“The principle of the peaceful settlement of international disputes is a cardinal feature of the foreign policy of Pakistan. Only a few days ago, our firm faith in peaceful procedures was vindicated when we resolved our dispute with India over the distribution of the waters of the Indus Basin. This dispute, which had defied solution for almost as many years as Pakistan has been in existence, has ended by the signing of the Indus Waters Treaty between our President and the Prime Minister of India, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, who is here this afternoon. The conclusion of this treaty demonstrates the triumph of the procedures of peaceful settlement. We are hopeful that this initiative for peace will be extended now to the only grave issue still outstanding between India and Pakistan, namely, the Kashmir question.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“The failure to solve the Palestine question has kept the Middle East for all these years on the verge of conflagration. It has been suggested that the tension in the Middle East should be removed by the dictates of realism. In the view of my delegation, the only realistic approach in this case is to recognize the human rights of a million Arab refugees who have been uprooted from their homes. Unless the resolutions of the General Assembly on this question are implemented, no arrangements to enforce peace in the Middle East by outside powers are likely to be effective or lasting. 41. The solution of the problems to which I have referred is without doubt difficult, and the difficulties are seemingly insurmountable. But they have to be solved, and solved by peaceful means.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“Let me declare here that the sympathies of the people of Pakistan are with the valiant sons of Algeria, fighting heroically for their freedom. At a time when so many countries on the continent of Africa are taking their place in this Assembly, it is with great sorrow that we note the absence of Algeria. We appeal for a new effort on the part of the parties concerned to settle this human problem by peaceful means. If we succeed, a tragic chapter will close in the history of mankind, and to the brave people of Algeria will be brought peace and the freedom and dignity for which they have fought so long and so well. 40. Another problem which haunts the conscience of nations is the denial of justice to that part of the Arab nation which comprises the population of Palestine.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“In this context, among the other vital unsolved issues, I have in mind Algeria — that strife-torn land where the blood of patriots still flows in their fight for freedom. Is it not an irony of fate that that struggle should have to be won against a nation which through history has been identified with liberty and equality? 39. At the opening of the General Assembly last year, we welcomed the declaration of President de Gaulle on 16 September 1959 recognizing the right of self-determination for the people of Algeria. We regret that no significant development has since taken place which would translate that inalienable right into a reality. At one time there appeared a prospect of a “rapprochement” between Algeria and France, but the preliminary talks to arrange the "pourparlers” have failed.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“Nothing in this world is quite perfect and it would be futile to expect perfection in an organization which combines the attributes and characteristics of almost all the nations of the world. Looking at the performance of the United Nations from the darker side, one would be inclined to stress the failures, the unsettled problems, the unattained objectives, the hopes unfulfilled, the promises unrealized. There is a "catena" of them, but life must be measured not only by failures, but also by accomplishments. We can mention grave failures, where people have been denied their rights because political expediency has prevailed over the conscience of nations. I shall not dilate on them, for, despite their tragic remembrance, we Still have faith that right must prevail and the United Nations must succeed. 38.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“They made it very plain that unless the situation improves, conditions will deteriorate to an explosive point. The General Assembly has adopted resolutions for many years asking the Union Government to cease and desist from its discriminatory racial policies. The South African Government has so far ignored the appeal to reason. In a continent which is now free, and in the midst of peoples determined to make good their claim to equality. South Africa cannot remain isolated. To attempt to do so is to oppose the march of history. Future generations of the Union of South Africa may have to pay a very heavy price for the resentment and rancour that the "apartheid” policy of that country is creating around her. 37.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“Events carry with them the seeds of consequences and, like nemesis, they are inexorable. Prejudice and chauvinism make men myopic. In this world of turmoil and conflict, the heart of humanity is yet with the peoples struggling for freedom and equality. One may delay the deliverance of a people, but then nature extorts a high price for it, as in the Congo. It may also do the same in the Union of South Africa, where racial discrimination is rampant. As one who is aware of liberal political thought, I am appalled that in a country which claims to be civilized and Christian, human beings should be denied basic human rights because of their race and their colour. 36. The Sharpeville disturbances underline the serious nature of the situation prevailing in the Union of South Africa.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“Therefore, the principal actors on the African scene must be the Africans themselves and, in our opinion, they are quite capable of fulfilling their own destiny. 34. That great continent is pulsating with a new life and a new force. It is in transition from the old to the new. Colonial empires are being succeeded by a community of sovereign States, conscious of their solidarity and determined to give Africa its rightful place in the comity of nations. We have heard in this very hall the voice of free Africa and seen the passion in African hearts for peace and justice and their determination to exclude outside interference in the affairs of their continent, of their people and of their Governments. 35. It is a matter of sorrow that great nations and statesmen should not see the logical sequence of events as they must ensue.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“Whatever might have been the changes in the situation and the conflicts of interest, it was the general expectation that the United Nations operation would crystallize the positive role that the Organization could play in strengthening the independence of emerging nations against external pressures. 33. My delegation believes that the isolation of the African continent from the East-West conflict must be ensured by the Africans themselves and supplemented by the assistance of the United Nations only when necessary. It cannot be done by the United Nations alone, because the Organization itself is so often a centre of this conflict. It may not always be capable of adequately filling the vacuum.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“It would appear to my delegation that at present the main problem in the Congo is the prevalence of internal strife, which is unhappily preventing the restoration of normal conditions. The resolution [1474 (ES-XV)] adopted at the fourth emergency special session does envisage the appointment by the Advisory Committee on the Congo, in consultation with the Secretary-General, of Asian and African representatives, for the purpose of conciliation between the parties to the political and constitutional conflicts. In the furtherance of this objective, the African States must of necessity play a leading role. Thus the mandate given to the Secretary-General can well be supplemented by the good offices of the African States in the solution of the internal problems of the Republic of the Congo.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)
“We believe that as far as possible the Secretary-General has endeavoured scrupulously to comply with the spirit and the letter of the resolutions of the Security Council. Considering the magnitude and the complexity of the task and the speed with which the United Nations operation had to be launched, Mr. Hammarskjold and his associates must be considered to have faithfully carried out their difficult mandate in accordance with the basic principles endorsed by the Security Council. The Pakistan delegation recognizes that the Secretary-General mission is an extremely delicate one and has not been made any easier by the internal confusion in the Republic of the Congo. Therefore, we take this opportunity of reaffirming our confidence in the Secretary General’s integrity and judgement. 32.”
1960-09-24 · UN General Assembly · General Debate, Session 15 (1960)