YouSaid · the spoken record

Zalmay Khalilzad

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69
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2018-04-16
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2018-04-16
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  1. “I'm very concerned, number one, and what you say is absolutely right. It is a long-term challenge, there is the rise of nationalism, there is the rise of authoritarianism, and the mix of the two. And we I believe need to again rethink and reform our democracy promotion or support concept, strategy and plans. Democracy in some transition countries have underperformed. In terms of Providing for security in terms of providing For economic development while minimizing corruption In both Iraq and Afghanistan that I know quite well, our effort to build democracy came in the context of a huge struggle in terms of the security front. And also, corruption. Increased dramatically because one of the instruments that we use when we go toward in the American style of war is we throw many at problems. That's one of the weapons. And I think some”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  2. “A strategy that is well founded. And based on a lot of data. And so I think that's where we need to take another look at, or we well organized to do development. And we must and we should, in my view, but that's what is needed.”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  3. “We're not as effective, as good as we, in my judgment, can be. And in my book, I try to offer some lessons based on my experience because our institutions have become essentially contract managers because we are privatized a lot of development activities, but we don't have a good Theory of what needs to happen first in order for a country or a society to become successful economically, what happens second one happens third, but we give contracts, you go build schools, we get clinics, not informed often by...”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  4. “Interaction opportunities. But on the development side, generally, I agree with you fundamentally, although we need to be better at, and I can say that based on my experience in two countries, Iraq and Afghanistan, where we invested a lot of, we put a lot of resources. And we need to be better at how to use those resources more effectively. Our institutions need to be reformed, how to do development better. We do great in terms of humanitarian assistance. To save lives. But when it comes, how do you get a country like Afghanistan or a country like Iraq to become a free market? A thriving economy, our institutions, and to build civil society encourage political parties from civil societies to parties.”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  5. “I completely agree that education in particular American style liberal education, for example the University of Chicago is one of the great examples offer is extremely important. It opens the mind critical thinking. Agility and problem solving is great asset, opportunities for us when as a result of education countries prosper more, they develop not only it avoids, especially if they become democratic also in the process conflict because democracies tend to That's likely to go to war against each other, but also economic opportunities, cultural”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  6. “Assassinated Absolutely. And, you know, as I said, the impact was so great on me that when I was our ambassador to Afghanistan and Iraq, in each, I used some of the resources that I had on behalf of the American people to establish an American University of Afghanistan and an American University of Iraq where thousands are now studying. Particularly important for young women from those countries because parents tend to be more reluctant to send their daughters abroad. And I think now in both... Universities that are in Afghanistan, almost 40% of the university students at the American University are girls and young women”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  7. “Well, that was also through a scholarship program, again an American scholarship program, USAID gave in those days. Scholarship to students from developing countries and they send them to institutions closer to where they were rather than bringing them all the way to America American University of Beirut also made a huge impact on me. I learned a great deal about the Middle East that I didn't know about. This was Beirut, the fulcrum of various trends in the Arab world. It was a very tolerant place. Open to all kinds of influences and ideas. And I became a great fan of American universities abroad.”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  8. “But I also was excited to see my parents and to tell the stories of what I had learned, what America was like, what living in series was like, what going to school was like, because the schools in Afghanistan, high schools were segregated, boys and girls, a lot of things to tell my friends of my age is to... What was America like? But then when I got there, I had a hard time communicating well because half of what I would want to say came out in English and they were Teasing me about how I was showing off, but it took me a while to adjust back to the circumstances of Afghanistan.”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  9. “Was with mixed emotions. I developed strong bonds and relationships. I had a girlfriend, normal. So here I had to go back”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  10. “I went to a small place in San Joaquin Valley near Modesto, the Galowine area called Ciris, and I lived with a great family, the Paris, and they adopted me as one of their kids. I called the mother mother, a mom, and the father dad two boys, brothers that I lived with them. They had a daughter with married by the time I made it to Ceres.”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  11. “Definitely, and that also this is something glamorous, something that, you know The image of Hollywood, these movies. I was an addict of going to movie theaters. We had one in Mazar Sharif in the north and Kabul several of them. And so I was very excited. I had lived most of my earlier period in the smaller town in the north of Afghanistan. Then I just come to Kabul a year earlier. And now to And where did you go?”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  12. “Very much so. I didn't know a lot about America except what I heard on the radio and the news that we didn't have a TV at that time. This is 1966-67 period. And about movies, those were the two. Means by which I knew something about America.”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  13. “Very little. I did and part of the oral examination was to determine your language, English language abilities. And I had enough that they thought I could.”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  14. “I was a good Number one in terms of migration and my class as a sophomore. And when I was a junior from the high school In Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan, the top three students from the big high schools were candidates automatically for getting an AFS scholarship. And then one went through an interview program, there were written exams and an interview program. And I was told that I was one of those selected.”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  15. “And there was a ring put in there because they believed traditionally that by putting a ring and dedicating me to one of the saints that they believed in, I would have better prospects of living a longer life. Because two other boys before me that my parents had both had died. So it was a very, very difficult situation.”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  16. “My mother was 13. My father was six years older than her. My mother had her first child within a year. She had Thirteen children. Six did not survive. Most of the six died before they were five. I was for a while the only boy and I have a hole in the”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  17. “Right, oh, absolutely. Of course. When I came to America for the first time when I was 15 years old, and I saw the difference. Raised questions in my mind about why. It was so different here. Difficult in Afghanistan. And was there something wrong? It raised even questions about the Us as Afghans at that time, as individuals were we less bright, where we And then I came to a judgment no when I went to classes here. In high school in California. And then it raised questions about political organization. Maybe I thought the systems made a big difference. And societies, our societies were organized, civil society. And all of that experiences impacted me when I had the great honor of representing the United States and helping places like Afghanistan to do better. In terms of providing the kind of Services opportunities.”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  18. “I did because Afghanistan was very poor when I was growing up. It still is poor. I remember with a great deal of painstill at tears come to my eye when I think about it, when my young sister Was wailing for days. She suffered in retrospect, I judged was appendicitis and there was no doctor, the only person that could come to see her was a person who worked in a pharmacy. And she could have lived if there had been perhaps Medical doctor, but there wasn't one, and she suffered so much. I mean, she died, of course, but the Process that she went through until her death was extremely painful.”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source

  19. “Well, thank you very much for this opportunity. It's a delight to be back at the University of Chicago. This place had a profound impact on me and on my trajectory. With regard to the observation, they had looked at my friends from the University of Chicago at that time at life expectancy for an Afghan. It was quite low in those days and I had already exceeded the life expectancy of an average Afghan. So they called me a miracle person.”

    2018-04-16 · The Axe Files with David Axelrod · Ep. 234 - Zalmay Khalilzad · IDENTIFIED FROM THE TRANSCRIPT · source