Nadia Ahmad Samdin
Singapore
“Other exchanges have pursued dual, listings and cross-market linkages. The experience has been mixed. While these frameworks generally reduce friction and improve access, they have not always translated into influence. Some companies eventually opt out of dual listing as a hitch.”
“Thank you, Speaker, and I thank the Minister as well. I have just two points, mainly related to the site-specific studies, as it appears that this is a very key part of the process, and I am not sure if I missed it.”
“Second, singles up till now can typically only purchase 2-room, Flexi or resale flats, given that two-room flexi flats are highly sought after by both singles and seniors, can the Ministry consider expanding the options?”
“Thank you, Chairman. I have three follow-up questions. The first is regarding food resilience and the initial plans for the Lim Chu Kang Agri-District. Could the Minister of State please elaborate on that. The second, I am very glad to hear of the top-up to the ACT Fund.”
“Could the Ministry share how aquacultural farms are transitioning towards climate resilience systems, such as hybrid or re-circulating agricultural technologies as well as the take-up rates of support schemes, the extent of transition across the sector and any key challenges in scaling the adoption of such technologies.”
“The recently published Green Skills Report defines what are green jobs and green skills, finding that such competencies are being integrated into mainstream roles, not just specialist jobs, with about 5,000 workers projected to be needed by 2030.”
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Every one of 406 lines we hold for Nadia Ahmad Samdin, in date order, each linked to its source. Free to read, in full, without an account. Page 3 of 9.
“Chairman, as our country continues to urbanise and develop, it is more important than ever for Singaporeans to have access to opportunities to connect easily with nature. Whether it is through admiring greenery while exercising on our park connectors or being able to live in harmony with native wildlife, who are equally part of our country too, appreciating a city in nature means understanding the trade-offs and both the upsides and inconveniences. It would be hard to have trees without nests in them and correspondingly hear the uwu calls, or healthy longgangs without fishes and otters, or beautiful flowers without bees. It has been four years since MND announced its vision to transform Singapore into a city in nature. Can we have an update on the progress? What efforts has the National Parks Board (NParks) made to involve more members of the community in transforming Singapore, including developing an understanding and appreciation for nature and its impact on our lives? A thriving city in nature necessarily entails more flora and fauna, including an increase in human-wildlife interactions. This is a good sign. It shows that our native biodiversity is growing. However, there have been calls asking for intervention to curb wildlife populations. What more can the Government do to manage human-urban wildlife tensions? Further, threats of animal-related diseases have increased in recent years. What key bio-surveillance efforts is the Ministry currently undertaking? Blue Spaces A thoughtful approach to preserving Singapore's blue spaces is essential. This offers not only new opportunities for Singaporeans to connect with our oceans, but also contribute to national goals such as coastal protection and flood resilience.”
“Chairman, as a rapidly ageing society in Singapore, the Government has made concerted efforts over the years to ensure that we can sustainably and compassionately address our seniors' needs. A growing number of seniors are expressing their desire to live out their golden years in familiar neighbourhoods or in spaces where they retain as much independence as their health conditions allow. As such, efforts to make society more senior and caregiver-friendly start from revamping and reimagining our neighbourhoods and homes. This is not just a matter of barrier-free access or painting murals on blocks, but how can we also co-locate services closer to our seniors and caregivers? How do we build common amenities so that more neighbours can spot warning signs early and we can all be eyes and ears on the ground for seniors who are struggling with dementia, mental health, aggravated health conditions or even caregiver burnout? I would like to ask: can the Ministry provide an update on the EASE 2.0 programme? Outside of homes, can public spaces be better curated to encourage intergenerational support within the community? Could the Ministry also provide an update on seniors' reception to things, such as community care apartments in Bedok? Are there plans to expand the community care apartments to new locations in the future? Could the Ministry also provide details on the implementation, scope and eligibility of towns for Age Well SG? Given that several neighbourhoods are old and it would be costly to revamp our estates, what specific upgrades are envisioned to common spaces beyond aesthetic enhancements and how will these lead to an enhancement of our seniors' daily lives? Essential Services in Our Neighbourhoods”
“Chairman, in an expensive open rental market, the PPHS is often families' only practical option for finding a home ahead of their own, ahead of BTO completion. Many of my PAP colleagues and I have called for more rental housing diversity and support. I am grateful for MND's shifts in this regard. It is heartening that HDB has temporarily set aside the catered flats in Tanglin Halt for interim housing, allowing the number of PPHS flats to increase. 11.30 am I would like to ask. HDB has committed to doubling its supply of flats under PPHS by 2025 and also announced a rental voucher to be used in the open market. What demand-side factors have led to these announcements and why the period of one year, given some BTO flats may take a longer time to complete? Can expectant parents qualify for both schemes and what is the Government's target average waiting time for families to obtain a flat under this scheme? Will the Government explore any kind of priority scheme? Housing and TFR”
“Chairman, one of the things we are most known for is being one of the cleanest cities in the world. It is a blessing to be able to walk down litter-free roads built through public culture and awareness and the hard work of many. I would like to ask, how have new policies, like the Tray and Crockery Return Scheme since June 2023 or the High-rise Littering Statutory Presumption clause, improved cleanliness in our heartlands? And what resources have been deployed to manage errant dumping and high-rise littering, which are sometimes caused by well-meaning elderly who throw food out the window for birds? What are the Government's strategies to manage to improper waste disposal, particularly at residential HDB units and in our housing estates? Could MSE also share its strategies working together with other agencies to tackle urban bird issues which persist in several hawker centres and estates? High-rise Littering”
“What is the progress of the Alliance for Action (AfA) for Local Produce Demand Offtake and Consumer Education and the SG Fresh Produce (SGFP) logo? Finally, can the Ministry share how the Government intends to better manage the increasing frequency of food supply chain disruptions? Lim Chu Kang Masterplan”
“How does the Government intend to safeguard natural habitats around open ocean aquaculture Bills, and what processes or checks are there when issuing new licences? It has also been reported that 70 farms in Lim Chu Kang have had to move out for developmental purposes. I understand we are transforming the area into a high-tech agri-food zone. It is also important to support the livelihood of people impacted by this transition. Can the Ministry provide an update on the progress of the Lim Chu Kang Master Plan, including whether the Government will explore integrating offshore aquaculture sites and agriculture systems for more sustainable production and optimising the farming production zone? And could the Minister also share the measures implemented by MSE to support local farmers who have been impacted by this transition? Sir, food security is an essential pillar of national security, and both environmental and geopolitical events pose a threat to local supply. Due to disruptions, El Niño risks and food export bans, various crops have risen in prices. Take, for example, regional rice exports. Thai 5% broken rice reached US$660 per metric tonne in end-January 2024, a record high. We must increase our food resilience through minimising external disruptions and maximising internal production. I would like to ask what is the take-up rate of the Farm-to-Table Programme and how many more businesses have been procuring locally farmed produce since the scheme's inception? Can the Government consider giving recognition to wet market stallholders who supply Singapore-grown produce in the heartlands, including potential incentives, such as rental subsidies?”
“Much obliged. Ocean conservation and coastal protection are issues close to my heart. Last year, MSE's GPC Chair Mr Louis Ng and I spoke up on an Adjournment Motion to emphasise the importance of safeguarding our oceans. Today, I want to ask about rising sea levels, as our coasts are vulnerable to floods and erosion. It was recently reported that Singapore's annual total rainfall was 13.1% above the long-term average in 2023 and the mean temperature for the last decade reached a new high of 28.06. It is important that we continue fortifying our coasts to mitigate the impact of climate change. I would like to ask how findings from Singapore's Third National Climate Change Study (V3) will help to inform and bolster our coastal resilience strategies, including the possibility of incorporating nature-based solutions? 6.15 pm What plans does the Ministry have to enhance local technical capabilities and citizen participation in this domain? For example, are there initiatives to collaborate with IHLs to share data, analyse and further develop our expertise in coastal protection? Increasing local agriculture and aquaculture production are key objectives in reaching our "30 by 30" goal. We must be cognisant of the environmental and natural wildlife as we tackle our food security challenges, as we are reshaping natural environments with development and technology. For example, a study found that aquaculture activity in close proximity to coral reefs limits survivorship and growth rates. I would like to ask what is the progress of the "30 by 30" plan and, in particular, of our local aquaculture sector, through the Singapore Aquaculture Plan?”
“Chairman, I would like to thank Minister Edwin Tong for hearing and acknowledging some of the stresses faced by young lawyers. I would just like to go back to the clarification which I sought. I understand that the Ministry has decided that we are not going to prescribe a minimum quantum in terms of the honorarium which trainees will receive during this lengthened training period, but that the Ministry as well as Law Society was looking into granting leave days and medical leave to support trainees during this extended one-year period. May I please ask for an update on that?”
“I continue to speak up for law students and young lawyers in this Chamber. It continues to be a challenging time for junior lawyers. Stiff competition and technology has driven an ever-intensifying piece of work in the profession. Gen Y and Gen Z workforces each have different perspectives, such as on opportunities and kind of culture that they wish to see. And I prepared to leave the profession for other opportunities if law firms do not evolve. Last November, the House passed the Legal Profession amendment Bill, which is set to double the practise training period for trainee lawyers. This has raised questions on trainee compensation and benefits, including leave days and medical leave. I would like to ask if the Ministry has an update in this regard and the Ministry sensing on the readiness of firms, companies and students for the operationalisation of the amendments to the practise training regime. In line of strengthening Singapore's position as the leading International Legal Services Hub, does the Ministry have plans to create more opportunities for young lawyers to have secondment chances including to Southeast Asia or other parts of Asia? Thank you for your intelligence, Chairman.”
“Chairman, between 2015 and 2020, the number of Singapore-based pattern applications grew 21%, while the corresponding number of trademark applications rose by 51%. It is hence important to support businesses and securing their intangible assets and intellectual property. To this end, I commend the Singapore IP Strategy 2030 which has a strong focus on supporting enterprises on this front. I would like to ask, it has been three years since the launch of the SIP 2030 Report. Could we have an update on the results of the whole- of-Government touch points to make IAIP resources more accessible, including the rollout of training courses on IAIP and the provision of consultation services with IAIP advisors? Which sectors does the Government currently target when undertaking company specific engagements to support enterprises, on other plans to expand the range of sectors in the coming years? Would the IP Strategy also include guidance on how Creatives can manage and commercialise their IAIP assets, especially for younger creatives and small creative businesses. Chairman, may I move on to the next cut?”
“Chairman, geospatial data can help us better understand Singapore at different points in time, influencing urban planning decisions and actions to even tackle climate change. Diverse technologies have erupted and are at various stages of maturity, some of which could significantly improve land planning processes. These include geospatial innovations such as scanning technologies, metaverse developments and various forms of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly generative AI. What plans does the Singapore Land Authority (SLA) have to further develop and expand the use of geospatial data and technology? How does the SLA plan to encourage knowledge sharing and collaboration, possibly leveraging open technology to optimise the adoption and utilisation of these innovations for the benefit of Singaporeans? Optimising State Assets”
“Thank you very much, Chairman, and to each of the MFA Ministers for your response, especially the Minister's sharing at the start of clarification time. It was helpful. I would like to build on the earlier point of how ultimately foreign policy begins at home and seek a clarification on the Israel-Palestine crisis. While I appreciate the Minister taking great pains to explain and address concerns, reiterating some of Singapore's positions regarding acts of terrorism, the votes we have taken at UN and correctly reminding us of our fragile place in the world and the importance of unity among our people, all of which I agree with, and while I can also understand Minister's explanation as to why we have not cut off ties, including with Israel, because at the end of the day, bearing in mind our size, maybe having a seat at the table and a chance to dialogue is better than closing off the chance to raise concerns. And also how our aid is trustworthy, our medical supplies are what they say they are, and are more likely be able to pass through borders. The question I have, Sir, which many on the ground also have is, how are we translating our position that, according to the Minister in this case, maybe Israel has gone too far and that we are supportive of a ceasefire to prevent further humanitarian tragedy in Gaza, to how foreign policy begins at home in a congruent manner across all of Government – for example, the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) in the case of permits for events, the Ministry of Communications and Information (MCI) for dialogues, MOE for the way we educate our students and the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI) in the case of the Air Show.”
“Chairman, geopolitical tensions around the world are high, including the Russia-Ukraine war and the Israel-Palestine crisis in Gaza, among others. They threaten the foundation of a rules-based international order crucial to Singapore's existence. We have made efforts to speak up and participate at multilateral forums, but in a world where size and might threaten to dominate, we cannot just seek to maintain peace, but must make active efforts towards building it. Small states may naturally face challenges at platforms, such as the UN, because of our relative size. We have found coalition through informal groups with like-minded members, such as the Forum of Small States. Such groupings allow us to better register our interests and concerns in one voice. I would like to ask, with the global challenges to multilateralism, what is Singapore's view on the effectiveness of participation at global forums, such as the UN? In ASEAN, how are we supporting efforts to strengthen integration between member states to ensure that the platform remains relevant and fit for purpose, translating into effective actions that benefit us both as Singapore and as a collective bloc? Finally, how can the Government better expose and meaningfully engage Singaporeans, in particular our youth, to have a better understanding of Singapore's approach to foreign policy and the roles and reach of multilateral organisations to galvanise action and create impact, particularly during these turbulent times? Singapore's Work with Small States”
“We must work with philanthropic foundations, individuals and corporates to be strategic, complementary and catalytic in how we deploy capital towards social needs. I hope that the recently established SG Government Partnerships Office can play a role to involve ideas and efforts from our citizens, coordinate efforts and efficiently scale successful projects beyond pilots. Sir, this tiny red dot has punched above our weight. Over the decades, many hardworking individuals have built their roots here in Singapore. We are ethnically diverse and culturally open. We prospered then because of that, and we must protect this now; continue to keep our hearts, society and workforce open so we can continue to achieve progress for our people, while being firm about our values as a country on the world stage. Sir, I support the Budget.”
“Through Healthier SG, I hope more can be done to encourage our seniors to go for regular health check-ups and connect with family doctors in their neighbourhood and more can be done early-on in their illness to prevent it from spiralling out of control and negatively impact healthy lifestyles. This is particularly important for older women – the ones who have sacrificed so much. Many of them have been so busy looking after those around them, that they do not have time to look after themselves. We must do more to support the retirement adequacy and healthcare needs of older women and I would like to ask if the Government has considered nuancing the health schemes, given that many women have less CPF savings. Beyond chronic health conditions, loneliness can have an adverse effect the lives of our elderly too. Recent studies suggest that social isolation was associated with around a 50% increased risk of dementia. I reiterate my calls for there to be targeted focus on mental well-being for our elderly and perhaps we can even take reference from the United Kingdom's Commission on Loneliness, where a Minister for Loneliness was appointed and there was strong cross-sector collaboration to tackle this issue. (In English): Sir, the many ideas shared in the House over the past three days showed the increasing social needs and growing funding required. The Government will not be able to do this alone. To this end, I am glad that the Deputy Prime Minister also announced measures to further build a stronger culture of giving that encourages collaboration – for example, the Charities Capability Fund Collaboration Grant and the efforts to work with philanthropy on the needs in society.”
“As a country where 90% of our food is imported from other countries and where we have no natural resources of our own – we have been fortunate to be able to attract investments, create jobs and build good foreign relations to help our country transform into a successful nation. While our reputation on the world stage outsizes our small land mass, let us not forget that this is an unlikely anomaly. But tall buildings and magnificent infrastructure alone would be nothing without peace and stability both internally and externally. We are a unique society with different faiths, races and backgrounds. As our people become more educated and their views grow more diverse, I would like to see more efforts through Forward SG to equip Singaporeans with the skills to have constructive and respectful discourses between the Government, private sector and our people; and the space to encourage effective ground-up changemaking. Peace is not top-down, but instead must be supported by bottom-up efforts and must start from the young. I would like to suggest more partnerships and cross-sector efforts in particular for our youths – for example, programmes, such as the Model United Nations, involving students across both secular schools and madrasahs, building common experiences to enable our youths to work together and interactions to allow young adults to hear and exchange views as regional or global forums. Secondly, I am grateful that the Government is setting aside $3.5 billion for the Age Well SG initiatives over the next decade. I am concerned about our seniors, especially those who have complex and chronic health needs. Obesity, diabetes, high-blood pressure – these are health conditions which threaten our quality of life.”
“And so, from the beginning, we have made it a point to emphasise rule of law, effective governance, balanced foreign relations amidst global tensions and staying open to the world. Singapore's ability to attract investment and have multinational corporations (MNCs) set up their regional headquarters here create jobs for our people. As of 2023, it is reported that the headquarters of 4,200 MNCs can be found here and is the base of choice for companies as a gateway to Asia, but we are starting to see signs of that trend being challenged. In December 2023, Unilever announced its relocation of some roles based here to other markets across Asia. Earlier this month, Electrolux also confirmed the closure of its Singapore regional office and relocated to Bangkok. A 2023 survey by the European Chamber of Commerce found that "7 in 10 businesses indicated that they are ready to relocate their employees outside of Singapore if there are no relief from rising operating costs." When businesses leave, jobs leave too. Further, other economies are competing. The UK recently launched the AI Futures Grant Scheme to attract AI researchers and engineers. Dubai has made a notable push for talent and investments through their D33 Economic Agenda and agile visa reforms. Closer to home, Malaysia initiated their 2030 National Industrial Master Plan and Indonesia launched the Golden Visa programme for high-quality investments. There is a global war for talent and investments, and Singapore needs to be the hub for opportunities that attracts, but more importantly, builds and retains the talent to help our people to prosper. Sir, in Malay please. (In Malay): [Please refer to Vernacular Speech.] Mr Speaker, in my English speech earlier, I touched on how fragile our position is in the world.”
“We say "活到老, 学到老", but in order to effectively put this into practice we must also tackle system barriers, such as inflexible working hours – 55% of workers felt they lacked the support from their employers from self-initiated training. I am glad that the NTUC is championing these efforts. Fundamentally, Singaporeans must know that SkillsFuture is an initiative that is more than chasing certificates. It is a pathway to empowerment and progress. I would like to inquire on the complementary measures the Government is taking to nudge the utilisation rates. I also worry whether these skilling efforts will see fast enough change and we must consider how to supplement our workforce with talent in a way that is integrated with our Singaporean values and that brings additionality to our people. Sir, all this is amidst a backdrop of challenges to global multilateralism and greater competition. Protectionism is on the rise and we are seeing disquiet and unrest born from a lack of economic opportunities and inequities – US-China relations keep the world on tenterhooks; the war between Russia and Ukraine rages on; and the world feels the effects from the humanitarian tragedy and hostilities in Gaza due to the Israel-Palestine crisis, even as more call for a permanent ceasefire. Yes, Singapore has worked hard and our reputation outsizes our 700 square kilometres or so. But in a world where bigger countries threaten to dominate due to might and size, smaller countries like Singapore must navigate these turbulent waves. Each move or statement we make comes with trade-offs we must think hard about. This is our reality.”
“The knowledge and skills acquired through any learning is catalytic for generating fresh ideas and solving challenges by drawing from diverse disciplines. This culture of continuous learning and curiosity is what will position ourselves as valuable assets. We also need good public communication to support the mindset shifts required. An article published on Channel NewsAsia (CNA) on 8 September 2023, highlights issues around utilisation rates of SkillsFuture. The article noted that across all ages, seven in 10 people have not used the credits since it started in 2015. Diving into utilisation rates by age bands, we can make some observations: 16.8% from 25 to 29; 38.8% from 30 to 39; 38.6% from 40 to 49; 37.1% from 50 to 59; and 26.4% for those above 60. Utilisation rate in the 40 to 49 band is a signal of hope and we must encourage this. The availability of the credit is one part of the puzzle. However, there are other considerations requiring a shift in attitudes and mindsets and flexibility in the employment ecosystem – families being willing to shoulder more caregiving responsibilities while one spends their evenings in class; enlightened employers providing employees the time-off to do so; and society being willing to support the gap in potential loss of income for gig economy workers. According to the recent National Trades Union Congress (NTUC) Every Worker Matters Report, 77% of respondents felt they lacked the time to attend training. A separate 2021 study shared that this could be due to fatigue from work and other life commitments.”
“" Being under 40, neither my husband nor I are eligible for the enhanced SkillsFuture subsidies or the akan datang top-ups. But uncle's perspective is shared by many of our older workers. Beginning again or learning something new after 20 or 30 years of working is not easy. I have shared in this House how proud I was of my parents, who had no choice after SARS to change course in their late 40s and 50s – my mum, from a homemaker to early childhood education. My dad, from more than 30 years in the airlines to a training company with his peers. For this reason, I am heartened by Deputy Prime Minister Lawrence's commitment to focus efforts on the objective of upskilling our greying workforce. Sir, there are two broad ways to use SkillsFuture. The direct way is to acquire certification – leading to a new role. The less obvious route involves a journey into problem-solving and innovation. We sometimes associate SkillsFuture with mainly "jobs of the future" – from green sustainability, to coding and artificial intelligence (AI). But seemingly unrelated courses can benefit us too. An illustration of this comes from the story of Apple. In 1972, Steve Jobs purportedly took a calligraphy class at Reed College – despite knowing that the class would earn him no credit towards a degree. He reportedly learnt about typefaces and varying the space between different letter combinations. I quote, "None of this had any hope of any practical application in my life. But 10 years later when we were designing the first Macintosh (Mac) computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac." We ought to help citizens understand the application of SkillsFuture credits in this manner.”
“But even as we encourage marriages and families, we must also acknowledge the other factors contributing to our declining total fertility rate (TFR): stress and health conditions which affect fertility despite couples' best hopes, involuntary childlessness, inability to secure childcare options in line with parents' wishes, housing in estates far away from grandparents or workplaces, busy schedules which make it difficult for youth to date and lifestyle choices from younger men and women who choose to stay single. But without people, Singapore cannot exist. Deputy Prime Minister has signalled the Government's clear intent in a Singapore built for families, however the effects of these policies are not immediate and our demographic challenges are pressing. We are not endowed with any natural advantages to fall back on, such as oil, vast land or precious metals. The only resource we have is our people; and so, we have to invest in our human capital. Beyond a shrinking population, we are also a rapidly ageing one and no amount of vouchers or rebates will ever be a sustainable way of lifting the standards of our people over a long period of time. To this end, I am supportive of the boost given to the SkillsFuture Scheme to build an even better future for all. My husband recounted a conversation that he had with a taxi driver to me. Uncle asked where my husband was heading to – to which my husband replied he was heading to school. Uncle said, "Wah, this age, still going to school ah? Very good." My husband said, "Ya uncle, I'm studying part-time, must upgrade and learn new skills." Uncle replied, "But all these 'learn new skills' is for young people like you, not old people like me.”
“Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise in support of Budget 2024. For Singapore to continue to prosper, we need our people to prosper. Every Budget brought forth in this House signals the Government's intent in tackling both challenges of today and seizing future opportunities for the people of Singapore. Rising costs are an ever-present challenge globally and affect how we live in every way – from our kopi-peng to chicken rice, the transport we take to work to the way we are able to care for our loved ones. This year's Budget Speech, delivered by Deputy Prime Minister Lawrence Wong, set out various measures focused on mitigating the immediate impact of rising costs on household finances. These include the U-Save and Service and Conservancy Charges (S&CC) rebates and additional Community Development Council (CDC) vouchers – tactically deployed to help Singaporeans navigate higher prices of food and electricity amidst the backdrop of global inflation. Larger families – especially those with seniors and children – get more help. I would like to make three key points in my speech: our shrinking populations lead to fragile economies and slower growth in standards of living; and as one of the fastest ageing societies in the world, the importance of upskilling our silver workforce – which cannot be understated; and the implications of a global war for talent, which is happening in an increasingly fractured world. This competition and confrontation of multilateralism can be damaging for us in Singapore. Sir, in Budget 2023, the Government sowed the seeds for a Singapore built for families, such as the enhanced baby bonus.”
“Further, as we encourage peer support, clarity on the qualifications and certifications necessary for practitioners or peer supporters at various tiers besides the expected relevant skills and knowledge will be helpful. It is well and good to say that it is okay not to be okay. But think about perhaps the neighbour below who says they hear noises coming from your house and cannot control their emotions, lashing out at you in the corridor. Consider the hoarder, who perhaps arrived at this state because of the loss of loved ones years ago and has unprocessed trauma. Imagine a loved one, who was always a pillar of support for you, but now cannot get out of bed on the bad days. At the end of the day, it is true understanding, empathy and recognition that counts and can make a difference in someone's mental health journey. The Government's commitment to mental well-being is instrumental in shaping a society where everyone, irrespective of background, can lead fulfilling lives, but this must be amplified by collaborative efforts with non-governmental organisations, philanthropy, the private sector, you and I. It will take all of society to destigmatise, talking about mental health and normalise health-seeking behaviour. Some people dismissively say that those dealing with mental health conditions are weak but personally, oftentimes, they are the strongest people I know, for holding on despite the pain. Let us be mindful of the language and terms that we use and let us be kind to one another, especially when it is hard. To anyone facing a mental health condition and to their loved ones, we see you, we recognise you, you are worthy, and we are so glad that you are here. Sir, I support the Motion.”
“We should also start early. How is mental health included in health education lessons, for example, in our special needs schools? Sir, briefly in Malay, please. (In Malay): [Please refer to Vernacular Speech.] A young man who was no longer cheerful and suddenly lost interest in his favourite sports; a woman who often cries after giving birth or perhaps an uncle who started to distance himself from others after losing his job. Mental health challenges affect all levels of society, both young and old. This issue is a pressing one. Thus, we should speak more about mental well-being in our normal conversations, especially when it concerns our senior citizens who may feel lonely. Apart from being patient with them and praying for them, we should be tactful when giving advice and words of encouragement to those in need. We can also persuade and help them to seek advice from specialists, such as counselling and therapy, or to get enough medication. We should not feel embarrassed to seek support because such prompt assistance can help to save jobs, family or even the lives of loved ones. Finally, let us focus on listening actively and caringly if anyone comes to us for a shoulder to cry on. Sometimes, they are not seeking our advice or expertise to solve their problems. They simply need a friend to pour their hearts out to. (In English): Finally, Sir, alongside strategies to improve service coordination and care systems, we must consider local training and education pathways and spaces for professionals, such as clinical psychiatrists, to help the system cope with increased load, even as we move beyond tackling mental health crises to upstream intervention.”
“Likewise, I understand Age Well SG will scale up the quality and quantity of AACs to increase meaningful engagement with our seniors. The Silver Generation Office also does good work. They are reaching out to seniors at greater risk of isolation. This is likely to naturally engage the more active seniors. What are the efforts in place for seniors who are isolated or already experiencing mental health issues and how will efforts and resources, such as COMIT, be better resourced under the strategy? Sir, our seniors have worked hard in the early years, and my wish is for seniors to age purposefully with good mental well-being. It deeply saddened our community when we lost some of our elderly residents to suicide, especially during COVID-19. I hope that the task force will consider developing a more targeted approach for seniors. On my final point, I echo the points raised by hon Member Mr Ong Hua Han. Persons with disabilities are not only more likely to experience mental distress but also factors associated with a higher occurrence of mental health conditions, including financial stress. This intersectionality of disability, socioeconomic factors and healthcare access plays a pivotal role in shaping mental health outcomes within the Singaporean context. Key measures should include ensuring that screening, care and support services are not only accessible but tailored to the unique needs of this population. There is a dearth in specialist healthcare for persons with disabilities, especially in our heartlands. Beyond Government policies to promote inclusivity, efforts by employers and wider society aimed at enhancing educational and employment opportunities and fostering an open environment are essential towards reducing disparities and creating access.”
“In my constituency, community partners such as the mailmen and women from Sing Post monitor changes in mail collection patterns in blocks with a high number of elderly and participating hawkers are trained to recognise simple signs of depression and dementia before referring seniors to the nearest Active Ageing Centre (AAC) or our community clubs. One of the biggest threats to our seniors' well-being is social isolation. In 2022, 78,600 households are seniors aged 65 years and above living alone. This is double the number 10 years ago and the number is forecasted to rise further. It is not only seniors who live alone who experience loneliness. In a study on social disconnection and its impact on the health of older adults by the NUS, the findings found that most socially disconnected individuals are living with family members. In another research by the Centre for Ageing Research and Education, a significant percentage of older Singaporeans staying in multi-generational households indicated feeling lonely. These trends could stem from poor familial relationships or the lack of interaction between family members, as everyone is busy with their lives or on their digital devices. On this note, how can adult children and grandchildren be better equipped with skills to talk about mental health with seniors? Beyond immediate family, how can wider community initiatives and befrienders reaching out to seniors to reassure them and encourage participation in community efforts? On early screening and detection, I am heartened that the Healthier SG exercise will include mental health services by training GPs to manage mental health cases and work with communities and hospitals to meet the needs. I would like to ask on the progress of this uptake.”
“Sir, as a Member of Parliament looking after a ward with many elderly, I was disappointed that the strategy did not call out what we can better do for elderly mental health. Unlike youth mental well-being and health, there are few community organisations or ground-up groups which focus on supporting the mental health needs of seniors and, given our ageing population, I call on the Government to do more in this area. Chronic health conditions, reduced mobility, retirement, empty nests and the passing of close friends – these are just some of the difficult moments that our seniors go through as time passes on. At the same time, digital transformation and a built environment, unlike the kampongs they grew up in, often feel alienating. While efforts to destigmatise mental health conditions and encourage help-seeking behaviours are well-intentioned, some seniors expressed difficulty discussing mental health as it is considered taboo. This sentiment is also reflected in the National Population Health Survey 2022, as the proportion of residents least willing to seek help from healthcare professionals or their informal support networks are older adults aged 60 to 74. This trend is worrying especially as the percentage of seniors' death by suicide in 2020 reached a significant high in 29 years. With a tiered care model, the provision of care is shared with community partners with trained personnel on the ground. However, staff are often stretched, managing many cases. We must encourage everyone to be eyes and ears, equip ourselves with knowledge and destigmatise early screening and help-seeking as the norm to provide timely interventions for our seniors.”
“While there are helplines and some free counselling sessions available, long-term dedicated care and medication can cost patients hundreds or even over $1,000 per visit. Subsidies for Pioneer Generation, Merdeka Generation and CHAS card holders are up to $540 annually for the management of mental illnesses under the Chronic Disease Management Programme for only certain conditions. This leads us to a crucial point – the Government's role in shaping the insurance market to promote affordable and accessible mental health coverage, as well as general health and hospitalisation coverage for everyday Singaporeans facing mental health challenges. It is already tough enough for individuals facing mental challenges to get through their daily life, many of whom have to stop work and are faced with difficulties when asked to declare whether they have gone through or are currently facing mental health challenges, as they try to sign up for even simple hospitalisation insurance to try and avoid further financial stress. Underwriting coverage for mental illnesses is complex given the diverse ways these disorders impact individuals. As several hon Members in this House, including just two before me, Miss Rachel Ong, have urged the Government to do more in this front, I will spare Members' well-being and not repeat the same points but I, too, reiterate this call to Government, as well as private insurers and would like to just ask if the Government has considered encouraging private insurers to launch innovative, affordable insurance products and if the Government has considered mental health parity laws to prohibit health plans from imposing barriers on access to mental health. My second point.”
“I am heartened by the launch of the National Mental Health and Well-Being Strategy by the Inter-agency Taskforce, and I am supportive of the four focus areas. I am also grateful for all healthcare workers and many different individuals whose work has brought us here. The efforts in the strategy will take significant effort and resources, not just from Government but also from the different sectors, private sector as well as all of society in tackling stigma and creating a culture of care. It will also take time, and I note that the National Mental Health Office is likely to only be established by 2025. But Sir, the issues are pressing here and now, and we must tackle them with haste. The prevalence of poor mental health rose from 13.4% in 2020 to 17% in 2022. And Singapore recorded more suicides across all age groups in 2022, with a significant increase amongst the elderly and youth populations. Today, I will raise three key points on access and affordability to mental health treatment and support, caring for the mental health of our seniors and support for vulnerable groups. Sir, we often tell those facing mental health challenges that they should reach out and seek help. While readiness to do so is, indeed, the first step, we must also consider the financial capacity of such individuals and the ease at which they can access mental health support. Last year, MOH shared that the median waiting time for a new subsidised appointment was 45 days to see a psychiatrist and 42 days to see a psychologist. Past surveys have also cited high cost as a deterrent, resulting in a treatment gap which often leads to mental health conditions worsening over time.”
“Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise in support of the Motion. A 2023 study conducted by Duke-NUS Medical School and IMH suggested that anxiety and depression could be costing Singapore nearly $16 billion a year as a result of absenteeism, reduced productivity and healthcare resources. But beyond dollars and cents, mental health conditions are often deeply painful and cost individuals years of lost hope, fractured relationships with care partners and family who are unable to cope with the strain, ending of careers as their lives spiral into a form they do not recognise and feelings like stress and guilt as they struggle to cope on the surface. Sometimes, this lasts a lifetime and recovery is not linear. In Cheng San-Seletar, student volunteers, corporate partners, grassroots leaders and agency representatives commemorate World Mental Health Day every October. We host a campaign incorporating self-care activities, nature and opportunities to form social networks among neighbours and friends. On the first day, we door knock more than 18,000 households to ask "How Are You?" checks on our residents and share access to mental health resources. The idea is to reach in and start a conversation on mental health in the community because mental health illnesses can be incredibly isolating and lonely, and it is not always easy to take the first step to seek help. Our message is that you are not alone and that we are here for you. Efforts continue for the rest of the year, working with community partners, including through our Calm Corners, which are rolled out at void decks in every zone. However, the work to raise awareness and increase outreach is only a start.”
“We owe it to our citizens – everyday Singaporeans who are law enforcement officers as well, and to future generations, to ensure that the laws that we enact strike a delicate balance between security and liberty. Notwithstanding my clarifications, I support the Bill.”
“Are there potential incidents where a minor who is a victim of a sexual crime may have a different preference for the taking of such samples and evidence, as compared to their parents, and how will the issue of consent be handled then? How will we advise victims or accused persons who are minors regarding the process in a way that is age-appropriate? What are the considerations and processes for working with a victim? The process can be challenging for such victims and it is in the public's interest to know what the provisions are, such as separate rooms, for example, which have been designed with victim care in mind and the involvement of female Police officers exclusively. Additionally, I would like to inquire about the procedures and practices in place for vulnerable individuals, particularly those with special needs, to ensure that their circumstances are appropriately addressed. Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, the public has a need to understand that these measures are conclusively beneficial and for the necessary protection of life and property, reasons that go beyond administrative ease. Singapore's safety is a collective achievement, built upon the support and understanding of our citizens, the hard work of men and women who are in law enforcement. Safety is often cited as a key reason why many of us are grateful to live in Singapore. We are well aware that this sometimes requires the relinquishment of certain rights. Yet, we must ensure that the vulnerable are protected and that law-abiding citizens can go about their lives with confidence, secure in the knowledge that they are well-protected. As we navigate these amendments, let us uphold the principles that have made Singapore safe, such as justice and fairness and respect for each other's rights.”
“All this is amidst the social stigma which many survivor victims face, despite such sexual assaults or violence not being due to their own actions but rather malicious perpetrators. Evidence provided by FMEs can be extremely valuable in constructing a case or, conversely, could be exculpatory, should a suspect be found not guilty of the crime. In either scenario, I agree that the FME constitutes an integral part of the Police procedures and toolkit. Newspapers have reported on some of these cases. Time is of the essence for law enforcement services. Medical evidence, such as DNA, is time-sensitive and can degrade, potentially being washed away by the accused, if given the opportunity. It is crucial for law enforcement to conduct FMEs as expeditiously as possible to bring wrongdoers to justice. In February 2000, Ms Chua, 27, was raped and found in Bukit Batok Nature Park with her clothes next to her. She eventually succumbed to her injuries and her assailant was never apprehended. Conversely, in the case of Lim Chun Wing vs Public Prosecutor, Lim broke into the victim's house, assaulted and raped her before fleeing. He was arrested on the same day and FME conducted on him revealed the victim's DNA on his genitals. Such examinations can also solve cold cases, perhaps bringing some form of closure to family of victims who suffered years ago. While we acknowledge the critical role of FMEs in obtaining forensic evidence, it is important to note that the amendment applies to both accused and victims, although there is different treatment. Questions arise about situations where an accused person may have a legitimate reason for refusal. I have a few further clarifications. How will the legislation protect against possible unjust penalties for refusal?”
“Some further questions I have include, firstly, could MHA share with the House why the search without warrant amendments are being put forth now, the trade-offs considered and why this is needed when our Police force have long demonstrated their ability to be effective without this provision? Under the Bill, obstructing a Police officer from a lawful search becomes an arrestable offence. What protections will be afforded to citizens who believe they are being searched unfairly? How will an officer determine reason to believe and what are the standards? Will there be an opportunity for clarification before someone is deemed obstructive? Who holds the authority to conduct searches or authorise searches for persons with special needs, for example, and how will special care be taken for these individuals? Finally, what are the public communication measures in place to help the public understand these challenges? My second point of concern pertains to the enhanced FME examinations, particularly in cases involving serious sexual offences. Sir, I have spoken up for victim survivors a number of times in this House and it cannot be overstated that investigations into allegations of sexual crimes are a harrowing experience. Victims are compelled to recall traumatic memories and it is not uncommon for them to take a considerable amount of time before finding the strength to speak up. Even so, and despite enhanced sentences for certain sexual crimes taking effect from March 2022, many feel that sentences meted out to sexual offenders are too low and do not do much to deter others from committing similar acts. There is also little comfort to victim survivors if the perpetrator is released in just a few months.”
“But I also ask that we consider the realities of the systems we design and the way they may impact vulnerable communities. In this same Bill, the proposed legislative framework for FME specifies that only Police officers holding at least the rank of Inspector have the power to require inspections involving intimate parts. If I understand it correctly, the proposed amendment to section 34 suggests that this search, on the other hand, is afforded to all officers. This individual discretion may open Police officers to accusations of biasness. A better protection could be for that permission to search perhaps coming from a higher rank. The public would also be keen to know how these searches could be applied. A search without warrant is performed in countries for some instances, such as the United Kingdom (UK), the United States (US) and India. It is usually performed with the caveat that it is done to save life and limb and prevent serious damage to property, including searches for weapons on a person. At present, our Police have limited powers of search. However, it is unclear what the newer approach would be with this new power. Finally, given that this is a recent development and members of the public may not be aware of these new powers, there is potential for misunderstanding. In particular, members of the public who are vulnerable or face communication challenges, may have difficulty understanding this. Should they not be appropriately informed, processes to manage them should be in place to mitigate potential trauma or misunderstanding. Indeed, the ordinary citizen has nothing to fear. What we do want to prevent are anxieties introduced by the perceived loss of privacy.”
“Some studies of warrantless searches and similar programmes have also found that persons of minority descent tend to be stopped more frequently than majority ethnicity individuals, even after controlling for variability and certain profiling estimates of crime participation. It would be important for us, as a society, to protect against profiling. Sir, our Police officers discharge their duties with professionalism and fulfil their duties in upholding the law with due care and consideration. While this continues to be true, given the extended powers and the impact it could have on the trust between our people and the Police force, if misused, even by accident, we must enquire about the safeguards in place to prevent potential unlawful use of this power and consideration on providing recourse to those who may feel unfairly searched. In the case of Mah vs AG, the appellant highlighted, in obiter dicta, that when a Police officer makes a decision, in this case, to make an arrest, his decision relies on his own common understanding, his own biases and his own experience as a Police officer. Even with the best of intentions, law enforcement is, ultimately, in the hands of individuals and, sometimes, things can go wrong, especially when officers are required to make difficult split-second decisions. I would like to ask what was the cost-benefit analysis of these amendments and the gravity of its impact on the trust between the public and Police force. What measures will be in place to prevent unfair accusations against Police officers as well who are discharging their duties? I believe that we have a sensible force and one that annexed their duties to the rule of law.”
“Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, Singapore's reputation as one of the safest countries in the world is a testament to our criminal justice system and the dedication of our law enforcement officers. We are fortunate to live in a society where the trust between administrators and citizens allows us to engage in critical discourse. It is our duty to question, deliberate and ensure that any changes to our legal framework are just, balanced, equitable and respectful of individual rights, even as we seek to protect the common good. I wish to make two main points on the Bill. Firstly, the empowerment of the Police to conduct searches without a warrant is a substantial change. It would benefit this House for us to have a greater appreciation of the underlying problems that then called for this solution. I appreciate and understand the need for our Police Force to have levers that aim to protect the safety and security of Singaporeans. However, searches without warrants have had unintended, negative consequences in some other jurisdictions with different operationalisation of this policy. The significant impact these measures have had on vulnerable communities in some such countries is worth noting. While I appreciate Senior Parliamentary Secretary Rahayu Mahzam's clarification in her speech that the powers do not amount to stop and frisk in the US, where according to the New York Police Department (NYPD)'s annual reports, in 2022, 15,102 stops were recorded, but 9,750 were eventually not arrested or given a summons, at 65%.”
“According to a study conducted by SG Her Empowerment (SHE), three in five Singaporeans have experienced online harms, or know someone who experienced it. The ability to conceal identities behind a screen has given confidence to many "keyboard warriors", thus emboldening them to make comments online in a way that they do not dare to say or do to someone directly. Many such cases have been reported, one of which involved a lewd survey on local female asatizah in 2021. Communicating judiciously, as well as having better awareness and support for victims of online harms, will certainly have a big impact as we try to create a safe online space for all segments of society. (In English): Sir, every technological advancement comes with its risks. The question is not how we stem the tide but how we can rapidly change the way we respect and protect one another as a digital community, as equal participants of an online world. To this end, I hope that as a country, we continue to pursue a national digital strategy that is agile and collaborative in approach as well as inclusive, empowering and human-centered.”
“Beyond effective investigation, how can we better provide emotional and mental support to victims of online scams who may feel a deep sense of loss and injustice? Enforcement is also key and social media platforms play a major role. In July 2023, Google launched the YouTube Priority Flagger programme, which empowers community partners by training them to assess content that violates YouTube community guidelines. These priority flaggers include organisations such as Touch and SG Her Empowerment, who are able to flag content directly to Google, allowing problematic content to be prioritised for review. By having the community play a bigger role in reviewing content and building trust and safety, this leads to a more resilient Internet culture. Sir, briefly, in Malay, please. (In Malay): [Please refer to Vernacular Speech.] In today's world, we are constantly surrounded by technology. Technology helps us but it can also hurt us. It is important that our digital community builds trust in each other, regardless of age and background, by: Understanding how the algorithm works and exercising care to avoid becoming so immersed in the algorithm until we no longer consider other views. We may also become entangled in narrow-minded views because of what is being shown to us, and such content can potentially create tension in society. Therefore, it is important for us to cultivate healthy online habits, so that we can benefit from the use of technology in our day-to-day lives. Second, communicate judiciously, even when we are behind a screen. While technology has given many people a chance to speak out about issues that they believe in, it has also become a platform for online harms.”
“What more can the Government do to equip and empower persons with special needs towards digital participation and independent living? Technology can be a great leveller, where you find support in online communities who have the same rare disease as you or date online or visit places in virtual reality that you may never get the chance to see in real life or be the hero in a team game. But this can only happen if persons with special needs can tap on assistive technology and learn digital skills in a way that is tailored to their understanding of the world. How many individuals has the Digital Enablement Programme served since its inception? Are there plans to further scaffold our digital structure, for example, by creating specialised websites to cultivate accessible and inclusive online platforms? Of course, societal efforts must be bolstered by rigorous policies and law enforcement. As the velocity of technological advancement increases, it can be hard for regulators to keep pace and in the grey zone, at times, the de facto rules are set by dominant actors who may not have the public's interest at heart. From data privacy, content regulation, online harms and AI, jurisdictions from the European Union (EU) to the US to Australia have also been developing new regulations. However, this comes with its own complications. The digital space does not always stop at physical borders and the fragmentation of digital governance and regulations may see a confusing patchwork of laws where malicious individuals exploit and play in the gaps, for examples, scammers who hide behind confusing IP addresses. At the end of the day, it is the innocent victims who suffer.”
“On cyber habits and how we integrate social media in our day-to-day lives, there are two ends of the spectrum. First, the fear of technology which prevents participation such as seniors would deliberately avoid stalls that exclusively use e-payments; and on the other hand, individuals who may get addicted to social media and excessively consume content or participate in online gambling. How can we better equip individuals of all ages and literacy levels with positive cyber habits? Sir, the community plays a part. Community-based digital interventions and innovations are key ways through which we as a people can take ownership and do something about these issues. For example, NUGU, a group-based application has been used to improve self-regulated smartphone usage and has been proven effective. In my constituency, Cheng San-Seletar, a group of youths known as the Cheng San Chapalang Club held one-on-one digital workshops in various languages and dialects for seniors to boost their literacy. Non-profits, such as Cyber Youth Singapore, play an important part too. The Surf Safe Initiative was launched in 2022 to cultivate safer cyber habits among secondary students and to date has reached 33,944 of them. Beyond programmes, ultimately, it comes down to the fostering of a positive and trusting Internet culture. This is particularly important towards ensuring that every individual can participate fully, including our friends with special needs. Studies have shown that the online life may provide a sense of safety, for example, for individuals who autism. In the digital space, they have increased control over their communication and engagement styles, fostering a greater sense of tranquility during these interactions.”
“Incidents of sexual online harms often involve elements of power and humiliation. In order to gain control over their victims, perpetrators of sexual violence tend to resort to practices, such as manipulation and coercion. Offenders may not necessarily find the act gratifying in itself, but in the meaning attributed to power for men and this may override the goals of such acts. To this end the kind of content we create to regulate and amplify about women is key. How can we promote gender equity messages based on merit and move beyond stereotyping objectification and hyper-sexualisation? Beyond content, the online space is also a place for us to converse with each other. But in a world of strangers who comment more than communicate and hold different and divergent views, how do we create a respectful space? Often times, regretfully, we see comments expressing racist or rude remarks. At times, these are disguised as fairy comments or posted by unnamed troll accounts whose creators would perhaps not make such comments to a person's face in real life, but feel empowered hiding behind the veil online. While their grievances may be authentic, we must do better in digital education such that our people do not lose basic compassion or tolerance for each other and understand the consequences of their words posted in a rage. How do we reach beyond algorithms and filter bubbles which seem to confirm our existing beliefs and biases without exception, while hiding content that challenges our thinking? Such bubbles lead to a polarised and fragmented society where even real-life friends are unable to engage with ideas or opposing frequencies that are different from their own.”
“Pressure to create videos which draw quick likes also can lead to unverified or sensationalised content where truth is sacrificed for popularity. Second, some users, including impressionable miners create suggestive content for validation, at times egged on by peers or malicious actors. This is different from adult content creators who are in control of their actions and aware of consequences. I call on platforms and apps to step up age-assurance measures to better protect young users from harmful content and have not placed better verification and restriction measures. Of course, it is not enough in an empowered digital society to simply elect to ban our youths from using their devices or confiscate them. We must also create a safe environment for them to turn to during their curiosity and to receive trusted and effective support in unfortunate circumstances. Third, I have spoken about the number of social media channels selling, encouraging and circulating non-consensual and illegally obtained sexually explicit materials. A few months ago, we were shaken by the disturbing news of seven men meeting on an online forum as early as in 2010, before discussing their wife-sharing fantasies and turning their plans into action, even live streaming these acts. What steps can we take to prevent such heinous acts by perpetrators and protect women and girls who are also our mothers or sisters and our friends? How can we hold online forums and social media services accountable? The longer they permit such harmful content to circulate and improve timeliness in responding to user reports where servers are located overseas, how can we prevent such incidents from happening again? Most importantly, good online habits start from a compassionate and safe offline world built on respect.”
“We have to go beyond this, towards digital well-being and digital citizenship for every individual to feel included and empowered to safely participate in the online sphere. The Government has been taking great steps to this end, in particular, towards digital access and taking a stand against technology-facilitated sexual violence. For example, MCI's Digital for Life Fund funds inclusion projects that empower all Singaporeans to embrace digitalisation. In July 2023, IMDA's Code of Practice online safety came into effect, requiring designated social media services to enhance online safety in Singapore and curb the spread of sexual content, violent content, suicide and self-harm content on their platforms. However, it will take the whole-of-society to create a safer online space; and today I will speak on content, communication and cyber habits, three Cs. Every day, an approximate 34 million videos are posted to TikTok and 15 million Telegrams are sent, the digital kind. Our modern society craves content and loves to create it. I would like to highlight three consequences – other than the increasing occurrence that some friends may go hungry while the phone camera eats first, to post Instagram stories because if you did not post it, did it really happen? First, algorithms open up opportunities for creators to reach large audiences. But the curation of perfect content may be harmful to self-esteem. Studies have shown that social media use appear to play a role in perpetuating negative body concepts and exacerbate eating disorders. Young girls and boys are pushed videos and tips on unrealistic body expectations and radical diets. This idea of a filtered life also creates discontent and intensifies social comparisons.”
“Sir, I rise in support of the Motion and would like to declare my interest as a board member of SG Her Empowerment, a non-profit platform that champions gender equity to empower individuals from all segments of Singapore and my speech will cite incidents of sexual crimes. Sir, I speak on behalf of the victims and the survivors. About five years ago, SG Nasi Lemak Telegram group was first created. Thousands of non-consensual sexually explicit photos and videos of women and schoolgirls were distributed to more than 44,000 members. About half a year ago, a dating show created by a TitTok content creator garnered criticism for its lack of sensitivity in the way it featured and seemed to exploit individuals with special needs. About a month ago, a 65-year-old Singaporean retiree lost her life savings in 15 days. For one of my resident's grandmother, it was lost over 115 transactions and six days. This was the result of an online scam. In the last week, articles report that the UK police are investigating a reported case of alleged gang rape of a teenager's virtual avatar in the metaverse. These are but some examples. For many, the digital world offers validation, connection and convenience. Unfortunately, it can also lead to cyber abuse, trolling and painful scams that is often debilitating, in particular, for vulnerable individuals. Society is changing more rapidly than ever, with new technologies affecting every aspect of life, from emails after work hours to WhatsApp group chats for classes and sharing locations at the tap of the screen. COVID-19 also pushed much of our world online, from grocery shopping to Zoom meetings. But access to these technologies and competence to use them is not enough to deal with the dangers.”
“Speaker, thank you for your indulgence. Minister of State, with all due respect, this is a case of a child who first witnessed her mother's suicide and then was sexually abused by her own biological father, before then being sexually abused by this fatherly figure. I think what many people truly want to know is beyond training, how do we improve the current processes? How is the home looking at improving its current protocol, recognising that constant, or even daily check-ins, are too resource-intensive? How do we really strengthen the rigour applied across the different MSF agencies to ensure that this does not happen again, as much as possible?”
“I thank the Minister of State for her reply. Indeed, with many other Singaporeans, I think we were very disturbed when this case first came to light. I would like to ask three follow-up supplementary questions. First, if the Minister of State could provide more details of this kith caregiver scheme, in terms of how the volunteers are assessed to be suitable and managed over a long period of time, that would be very helpful. Second, given that the abuse, very unfortunately, happened over a prolonged period and throughout this time the youth was actually receiving social service support. What improvements are the home and MSF putting in place to try and avoid from such incidents happening again? Finally, given that MSF does work through various agencies, be it through the adoption agencies or other social service agencies (SSAs), such as this kith caregiver scheme, how does MSF ensure the rigour of supervision, check-ins, home reports, and how is this applied equally across the different agencies that MSF works with?”
“Thank you. I am looking forward to the Online Harms Act. Just two follow-up questions. Beyond the online platforms – and I am glad to know that there has been some progress with Telegram and here we are really talking about non-consensual and illegally obtained material – two of my supplementary questions are about how we can go further upstream, beyond the punishment for perpetrators. What more can Government and society do to create a more respectful culture between men and women and, secondly, to help survivors who have faced such incidents, which can be very traumatising?”
“Thank you. I would like to thank the Minister for his reply. I just have two follow-up supplementary questions. The first, whether there is any statistics on underemployment, in terms of whether the graduates going into these roles are facing that issue? The second, I know the Minister mentioned career counselling, WSG, and so on. Are there any other more specific resources for fresh graduates that they may tap for upskilling in the interim, while looking for a job, because SkillsFuture may not be so applicable to the younger graduates?”
“I also look forward to the future guidance notes, which I understand will be developed in a consultative manner. This approach is much appreciated. Beyond legal practitioners, industry, Government and organisations, I hope that we involve, hear out and co-create with the very people these amendments seek to serve as well – law students themselves. To do so would be very much in line with the Government's call under Forward SG. In her speech, the Senior Parliamentary Secretary also described that many of these guidance notes and subsidiary legislation are in the works. My final question is whether there is an estimate when these will be ready. Notwithstanding the clarifications, Mr Speaker, Sir, I support the Bill.”