Tommy Tuberville
Senator for Alabama · Republican · United States
“(e) Report on Certain Drivers of Deforestation and Environmental Degradation in the Brazilian Amazon.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with relevant Federal agencies, shall submit a report to Congress regarding certain drivers of deforestation and environmental d…”
“(e) Report on Certain Drivers of Deforestation and Environmental Degradation in the Brazilian Amazon.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with relevant Federal agencies, shall submit a report to Congress regarding certain drivers of deforestation and environmental d…”
“(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the Attorney General, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the heads of other Federal departments and agencies as appropriate, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a comprehensive strategy, with a classif…”
“(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the Attorney General, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the heads of other Federal departments and agencies as appropriate, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a comprehensive strategy, with a classif…”
“``(ii) In a civil action brought under section 2255 or 2255A, for purposes of paragraph (1), the court may-- ``(I) order the plaintiff or defendant to provide to the court or the Government, as applicable, any equipment necessary to maintain care, custody, and control of such property or material; and ``(II) take reasonable measures, and…”
“``(ii) In a civil action brought under section 2255 or 2255A, for purposes of paragraph (1), the court may-- ``(I) order the plaintiff or defendant to provide to the court or the Government, as applicable, any equipment necessary to maintain care, custody, and control of such property or material; and ``(II) take reasonable measures, and…”
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“(4) Exception for safety of vessels and crew and decommissioning or demolition of vessels.--Sanctions under this chapter shall not apply with respect to-- (A) a person providing provisions to a vessel otherwise subject to sanctions under this chapter if the provisions are intended for-- (i) the safety and care of the crew aboard the vessel; (ii) the protection of human life aboard the vessel; or (iii) the maintenance of the vessel to avoid any environmental or other significant damage; or (B) a person providing services to a vessel otherwise subject to sanctions under this chapter if-- (i) the vessel fails to meet international maritime vessel safety standards; and (ii) the services are necessary to ensure the safe decommissioning or destruction of the vessel.”
“(B) Definitions.--In this paragraph: (i) Agricultural commodity.--The term ``agricultural commodity'' has the meaning given that term in section 102 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602). (ii) Medical device.--The term ``medical device'' has the meaning given the term ``device'' in section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321). [[Page S4057]] (iii) Medicine.--The term ``medicine'' has the meaning given the term ``drug'' in section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).”
“(2) Exception to comply with intelligence activities.-- Sanctions under this chapter shall not apply to any activity subject to the reporting requirements under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized intelligence activities of the United States. (3) Humanitarian assistance.-- (A) In general.--Sanctions under this chapter shall not apply to-- (i) the conduct or facilitation of a transaction for the provision of agricultural commodities, food, medicine, medical devices, humanitarian assistance, or for humanitarian purposes; or (ii) transactions that are necessary for or related to the activities described in clause (i).”
“EXCEPTIONS; WAIVERS. (a) Exceptions.-- (1) Exception to comply with united nations headquarters agreement and law enforcement activities.--Sanctions under this chapter shall not apply with respect to the admission of an alien to the United States if admitting or paroling the alien into the United States is necessary-- (A) to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, or other applicable international obligations of the United States; or (B) to carry out or assist authorized law enforcement activity in the United States.”
“(2) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole.-- (A) Visas, admission, or parole.--A foreign person that is an alien is-- (i) inadmissible to the United States; (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.). (B) Current visas revoked.-- (i) In general.--A foreign person that is an alien is subject to revocation of any visa or other entry documentation regardless of when the visa or other entry documentation is or was issued. (ii) Immediate effect.--A revocation under clause (i) shall take effect immediately and automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation that is in the alien's possession. SEC. 8709A.”
“The sanctions described in this section that may be imposed with respect to a foreign person are the following: (1) Blocking of property.--The President may exercise all of the powers granted to the President under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in property and interests in property of the foreign person if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person.”
“``(B) Consideration of veto messages.--If joint resolution described in paragraph (1)(B) is vetoed by the President, the time for debate in consideration of the veto message on the resolution shall-- ``(i) in the Senate, be limited to 20 hours; and ``(ii) in the House of Representatives, be determined in accordance with the Rules of the House.''; and (4) in subsection (h)-- (A) by striking paragraph (2); (B) by striking ``terminate'' and all that follows through ``the date on which'' and inserting ``terminate on the date on which''; (C) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively, and by moving such paragraphs, as so redesignated, 2 ems to the left; and (D) in paragraph (2), as redesignated, by striking ``; or'' and inserting a period. Subchapter E--General Provisions SEC. 8709. SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.”
“``(2) Consideration of joint resolutions.-- ``(A) In general.--A joint resolution described in paragraph (1)(B) introduced in either House of Congress shall be considered in accordance with the provisions of section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976 (Public Law 94-329; 90 Stat. 765), except that the resolution shall be subject to germane amendments.”
“9526 note) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)(1)(B)(v), by striking ``the Nord Stream 2 pipeline'' and inserting ``the Nord Stream 1 pipeline, the Nord Stream 2 pipeline, or a successor to either such pipeline''; (2) in subsection (e)-- (A) by striking paragraph (4); and (B) by redesignating paragraphs (5) and (6) as paragraphs (4) and (5), respectively; (3) by amending subsection (f) to read as follows: ``(f) National Security Waiver.-- ``(1) In general.--The President may waive the application of sanctions under this section if-- ``(A) the President-- ``(i) determines such a waiver is in the national security interests of the United States; and ``(ii) not later than 30 days before the waiver takes effect, submits to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the waiver and the reasons for the waiver; and ``(B) a joint resolution prohibiting the waiver is not enacted into law during the 30-day period described in subparagraph (A)(ii).”
“Subchapter D--Modifications of Protecting Europe's Energy Security Act of 2019 SEC. 8708. MODIFICATIONS OF PROTECTING EUROPE'S ENERGY SECURITY ACT OF 2019. Section 7503 of the Protecting Europe's Energy Security Act of 2019 (title LXXV of Public Law 116-92; 22 U.S.C.”
“1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property of any person identified in a report required by subsection (a) if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person. (d) Wind-down Period.--The President may not impose sanctions under this section with respect to a person identified in the first report submitted pursuant to subsection (a) if the President certifies in such report that the person has, not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, engaged in good faith efforts to wind down operations that would otherwise subject the person to the imposition of sanctions under this section.”
“(ii) Immediate effect.--A revocation under clause (i) shall-- (I) take effect immediately; and (II) automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation that is in the possession of the alien. (2) Aliens described.--An alien described in this paragraph is an alien who is-- (A) identified in a report required by subsection (a); (B) a corporate officer of a foreign entity identified in that report; or (C) a principal shareholder with a controlling interest in a foreign entity described in subparagraph (A). (c) Blocking of Property of Identified Persons.--The President may exercise all powers granted to the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C.”
“(b) Ineligibility for Visas, Admission, or Parole of Identified Persons and Corporate Officers.-- (1) In general.-- (A) Visas, admission, or parole.--An alien described in paragraph (2) shall be-- (i) inadmissible to the United States; (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.). (B) Current visas revoked.-- (i) In general.--The visa or other entry documentation of an alien described in paragraph (2) shall be revoked, regardless of when such visa or other entry documentation is or was issued.”
“(a) Report Required.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that identifies, for the period covered by the report each foreign person that the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Commerce, determines has knowingly-- (1) sold, leased, provided, or facilitated selling, leasing, or providing goods or services relating to the defense industrial base of the Russian Federation, including-- (A) computer numerical control (CNC) tools and associated machinery, software, and maintenance or upgrade services; (B) lubricant additives; (C) semiconductors and associated manufacturing equipment; (D) items on the Common High Priority Items List maintained by the Bureau of Industry and Security of the Department of Commerce; (E) nitrocellulose, wood cellulose, and associated additives and components necessary for the production of propellant or energetics for munitions; (F) fiber optic cables with military applications and associated technologies needed to manufacture such cables; (G) advanced sensors; and (H) any additional items identified by the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, that are critical to the defense industrial base of the Russian Federation; or (2) facilitated deceptive or structured transactions to provide the goods and services described by paragraph (1).”
“[[Page S4056]] (c) Form.--The strategy required by subsection (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified index. Subchapter C--Sanctions With Respect to Russian Defense Industrial Base SEC. 8707. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PERSONS THAT SELL, LEASE, OR PROVIDE GOODS OR SERVICES RELATING TO THE DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.”
“(b) Elements.--The strategy required by subsection (a) shall include-- (1) a description and assessment of the use of sanctions in effect before the date of the enactment of this Act to target individuals and entities of the People's Republic of China that are directly or indirectly associated with smuggling of Russian-origin petroleum products; (2) an assessment of-- (A) Russian-owned entities operating in the People's Republic of China and involved in petroleum refining supply chains; (B) the People's Republic of China's role in Russian petroleum refining supply chains; (C) how the People's Republic of China leverages its role in Russian petroleum supply chains to achieve political objectives; and (D) what percent of the energy consumption of the People's Republic of China is linked to imported Russian-origin petroleum products; (3) a detailed plan for-- (A) monitoring the maritime domain for sanctionable activity related to the transportation of Russian-origin petroleum products; (B) identifying the individuals, entities, and vessels engaging in sanctionable activity related to Russian-origin petroleum products, including-- (i) vessels-- (I) transporting petrochemicals of Russian Federation origin; (II) conducting ship-to-ship transfers of such petrochemicals; (III) with deactivated automatic identification systems; or (IV) that engage in ``flag hopping'' by frequently changing national registries; (ii) individuals or entities-- (I) storing petrochemicals subject to sanctions; or (II) refining or otherwise processing such petrochemicals; and (iii) through the use of port entry and docking permission of vessels subject to sanctions; (C) deterring individuals and entities from violating sanctions by educating and engaging-- (i) insurance providers; (ii) parent companies; and (iii) vessel operators; (D) collaborating with allies and partners of the United States engaged in the Northern Europe, including through standing or new maritime task forces, to build sanctions enforcement capacity through assistance and training to defense and law enforcement services; and (E) using public communications and global diplomatic engagements to highlight the role of smuggling of Russian- origin petroleum products in bolstering the Russian Federation's war efforts in Ukraine and support for other malign activity; and (4) an assessment of-- (A) the total number of vessels transporting Russian-origin petroleum products; (B) the total number of vessels smuggling such products destined for the People's Republic of China; (C) interference by the People's Republic of China with attempts by the United States, the United Kingdom, or the European Union to investigate or enforce sanctions with respect to Russian-origin petroleum products; (D) the effectiveness of the use of sanctions with respect to insurers of entities that own or operate vessels involved in transporting Russian-origin petroleum products; (E) the personnel and resources needed to enforce sanctions with respect to Russian-origin petroleum products; and (F) the impact of smuggled Russian-origin petroleum products on global energy markets.”
“(a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the heads of other appropriate Federal agencies, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a written strategy, and provide to those committees an accompanying briefing, on the role of the People's Republic of China in evasion of sanctions imposed by the United States with respect to Russian-origin petroleum products that includes an assessment of options-- (1) to strengthen the enforcement of such sanctions; and (2) to expand sanctions designations targeting the involvement of the People's Republic of China in the production, transportation, storage, refining, and sale of Russian-origin petroleum products.”
“(3) Any project in the Arctic region or the Russian Far East carried out after the date of the enactment of this Act. (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that-- (1) countries that rely on Russian energy projects, including Sakhalin-1 and Sakhalin-2, TurkStream 1 and 2, and the Druzhba pipeline, should work to expeditiously end their dependence on such projects and diversify their sources of energy to exports from other countries, including the United States; and (2) the European Union should remain committed to firm deadlines set forth in the RePowerEU Roadmap for the phasing out of energy exported from the Russian Federation. SEC. 8706A. STRATEGY TO COUNTER ROLE OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA IN EVASION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO RUSSIAN-ORIGIN PETROLEUM PRODUCTS.”
“Subchapter B--Sanctions With Respect to Russian-origin Energy Products SEC. 8706. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PERSONS WITH CERTAIN INTERESTS IN RUSSIAN ENERGY PROJECTS. (a) In General.--Beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the President may impose the sanctions described in section 8709 with respect to any foreign person the President determines is, on or after such date of enactment, a leader, official, senior executive officer, or member of the board of directors of, or principal shareholder with a controlling or majority interest in, any of the following Russian energy projects: (1) The Yamal Liquified Natural Gas Project or a successor project. (2) The Arctic 1, 2, and 3 Liquified Natural Gas Projects or a successor project.”
“It shall be the policy of the United States-- (1) to fully promote the recommendations made by Resolution A.1192(33) of the International Maritime Organization, adopted on December 6, 2023; (2) to use the voice and vote of the United States in international organizations and engage other relevant multilateral bodies, such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the European Union, to strongly encourage the governments of all countries to adopt those recommendations, including the recommendation that a port state, when the state becomes aware of a vessel intentionally taking measures to avoid detection, such as switching off its Automatic Identification System or long-range identification and tracking system transmissions or concealing its actual identity, should, following an initial investigation to verify that the vessel has not stopped transmitting signals for legitimate reasons-- (A) subject the vessel to enhanced inspections as authorized through relevant mechanisms of the port state; and (B) notify the flag administration of the vessel, as appropriate; and (3) to encourage governments of all countries to deny access to ports and services for any vessel that, following an initial investigation, is found to have turned off its transponder or entered false information for the purpose of conducting a transfer of or transaction for crude oil of Russian Federation origin or refined petroleum products made from such oil.”
“SEC. 8704A. STRATEGY FOR COUNTRIES THAT DO NOT MAKE SUFFICIENT EFFORTS TO COMPLY WITH MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR OPERATING AS A FLAG STATE. Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter through 2030, the Secretary, in consultation with the heads of appropriate Federal agencies, shall-- (1) conduct an assessment of countries that do not meet the minimum standards for operating as a flag state registry in compliance with United States policy, including the standards described in section 8704; and (2) submit to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy for identifying and engaging with those countries. PART IV--OTHER MATTERS SEC. 8705. INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS TO IDENTIFY VESSELS TRANSPORTING RUSSIAN-ORIGIN OIL.”
“It is the policy of the United States that the government of a country is complying with the minimum standards required by the United States for maintaining an open flag registry if, on balance, the government-- (1) has enacted and implemented laws and established government structures, policies, [[Page S4055]] and practices that prohibit and generally deter the use of its flag registry as a mechanism to circumvent sanctions imposed by the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union, or other Group of 7 countries, including prohibiting its flag to continue to fly on vessels that are subject to sanctions imposed by any such country or jurisdiction; (2) has enacted and implemented laws and established government structures, policies, and practices that prohibit and generally deter the use of its flag registry to avoid detection of illicit activities, including drug trafficking, illicit arms shipments, human trafficking, and illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing activities; (3) enforces the laws described in paragraphs (1) and (2) by punishing any person found, through a fair judicial process, to have violated those laws; (4) takes steps to ensure ships flying its flag comply with well-established industry standards and best practices relating to maritime activities, including adhering to resolutions and warnings promulgated by the International Maritime Organization, such as Resolution A.1192(33) (December 6, 2023) relating to urging member states and all relevant stakeholders to promote actions to prevent illegal operations in the maritime sector by the ``dark fleet'' or ``shadow fleet''; (5) responds to credible reports from other countries and private entities warning of vessels flying its flag engaging in maritime behavior that poses safety risks, such as not allowing pilot access or turning off Automatic Identification Systems without adequate justification; (6) takes steps to ensure vessels flying its flag adhere to measures that lawfully prohibit and regulate ship-to-ship transfers of oil or petroleum products subject to sanctions; (7) takes steps to ensure vessels flying its flag possess adequate and credible insurance to cover the costs of maritime accidents; (8) takes steps to ensure vessels are operating under transparent ownership structures, including by verifying the beneficial ownership and management of vessels; and (9) takes steps to ensure vessels do not avoid flag state or port state control inspections or avoid commercial screenings and inspections.”
“(b) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the United States to use relevant maritime elements of the United States Government to support and amplify the authorized efforts of the Joint Expeditionary Force. PART III--FLAG STATE REQUIREMENTS AND STRATEGY SEC. 8704. MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR OPERATING AS A FLAG STATE REGISTRY AND ASSESSMENT OF EFFORTS TO PREVENT THE CIRCUMVENTION OF SANCTIONS AND OTHER CRIMES.”
“(b) Strategy.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary, through the head of the Office of Sanctions Coordination and in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of the Office of Foreign Assets Control, shall produce a strategy for enhancing alignment of sanctions designation authorities of the United States regarding vessels supporting the Russian shadow fleet with those authorities of the European Union and the United Kingdom. SEC. 8703A. SUPPORT OF EFFORTS OF THE JOINT EXPEDITIONARY FORCE. (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the United States supports the efforts of the Joint Expeditionary Force to track, monitor, deter, and if necessary, respond to operations and illicit activities of the Russian shadow fleet.”
“(2) Justification.--For any vessel listed in a report under paragraph (1) that is not subject to sanctions imposed by the United States, the report shall include the justification provided by the European Union or the United Kingdom, as the case may be, for designation of the vessel (if that justification is available to the public) and a brief justification of the reason provided by the European Union or the United Kingdom.”
“(a) Report.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the Secretary, through the head of the Office of Sanctions Coordination and in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that includes a list of each foreign vessel subject to sanctions imposed by the European Union or the United Kingdom that is determined to operate as part of the Russian shadow fleet.”
“IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PORT TERMINALS ACCEPTING OIL FROM RUSSIAN SHADOW FLEET VESSELS. Beginning on the date that is 15 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President may impose the sanctions described in section 8709 with respect to any foreign person that owns or operates a port in the People's Republic of China or the Republic of India that accepts oil from foreign vessels with respect to which the United States has imposed sanctions. PART II--DISCLOSURES, PUBLICATIONS, AND REPORTS SEC. 8703. ALIGNMENT OF DESIGNATION AUTHORITIES WITH EUROPEAN UNION AND UNITED KINGDOM REGARDING RUSSIAN SHADOW FLEET.”
“(2) The provision of significant goods or services in support of a Russian shadow fleet vessel with the knowledge that the vessel is subject to sanctions imposed by the United States, unless such goods or services are provided to respond to an emergency. (3) In the case of the owner or operator of a foreign port, allowing a Russian shadow fleet vessel to port or otherwise receive services at the foreign port, unless that vessel needs to port or receive services as a result of an emergency. (4) In the case of a foreign person that is the owner or operator of a refinery, knowingly engaging in a transaction to process, refine, or otherwise deal in any Russian Federation-origin petroleum products that were transported on a Russian shadow fleet vessel. SEC. 8702B.”
“(a) In General.--Beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the President may impose the sanctions described in section 8709 with respect to a foreign person if the President determines that the foreign person, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act, has engaged in a transaction described in subsection (b) with a Russian shadow fleet vessel that is subject to sanctions imposed by the United States. (b) Transactions Described.--A transaction described in this subsection is any of the following: (1) The conduct of any ship-to-ship transfer involving Russian-origin petroleum products with a Russian shadow fleet vessel.”
“(d) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that describes any sanctions imposed under this section, including a brief description of each foreign person and foreign vessel with respect to which sanctions are imposed and the justification for such sanctions. SEC. 8702A. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PERSONS THAT SUPPORT RUSSIAN ILLICIT SHIPPING WITH VESSELS SUBJECT TO UNITED STATES SANCTIONS.”
“(5) Is uninsured or underinsured, including any vessel that is insured by an insurance company organized under the laws of the Russian Federation or the Islamic Republic of Iran. (6) Is single-hulled contrary to standards of the International Maritime Organization. (7) Has changed ownership or flag registry more than once in the previous year. (8) Has a history of deliberately losing power or turning off transmitters without a compelling security need. (9) Has not been properly maintained, based on credible evidence. (10) Has been involved in a recent maritime or environmental incident. (11) Is escorted by the military of the Russian Federation. (12) Has engaged in sabotage activities.”
“(c) Indicators of Unsafe or Nonstandard Maritime Behavior.--In determining under subsection (a)(1)(A) if a vessel is exhibiting or engaged in unsafe or nonstandard maritime behavior, the President may use as prima facie evidence that the vessel is exhibiting or engaged in such behavior if the vessel has exhibited 3 or more indicators of such behavior, including the following: (1) Has refused to take on a pilot in accordance with best practices of the International Maritime Organization. (2) Does not respond when hailed by appropriate maritime authority. (3) Turns off the Automatic Identification System of the vessel without explanation or report to the appropriate maritime authority within a reasonable period of time. (4) Engages in unsafe maritime maneuvers with another vessel.”
“(b) Vessels Subject to Sanctions by the United Kingdom or the European Union.--Beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the President may impose the sanctions described in section 8709 with respect to any vessel that, on or after such date of enactment, is-- (1) subject to sanctions with respect to the Russian Federation imposed by the United Kingdom, the European Union, the Group of 7, or a member of the Five Eyes intelligence alliance; or (2) owned or operated by a person subject to such sanctions.”
“IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO VESSELS SUSPECTED OF PARTICIPATION IN OR SUPPORT OF THE RUSSIAN SHADOW FLEET. (a) In General.--Beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the President may impose the sanctions described in section 8709 with respect to any Russian shadow fleet vessel that, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act, transports Russian-origin petroleum or petroleum products in circumvention of sanctions imposed with respect to the Russian Federation by the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union, or other countries, including-- (1) any Russian shadow fleet vessel the owner or operator of which knowingly-- (A) exhibits or engages in unsafe or nonstandard maritime behavior in furtherance of the transportation of Russian- origin petroleum products that originated in the Russian Federation; or (B) lacks adequate maritime insurance for the transport of goods described in subparagraph (A); (2) any foreign person that the President determines knowingly-- (A) owns, operates, or manages a vessel described in paragraph (1); (B) provides underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance necessary for such a vessel after sanctions are imposed with respect to the vessel; (C) facilitates deceptive or structured transactions to support a vessel described in paragraph (1); (D) provides services or facilities for technology upgrades or installation of equipment for, or retrofitting or tethering of, a vessel described in paragraph (1) for the purpose of evading sanctions; (E) provides services for the testing, inspection, or certification for a vessel described in paragraph (1) for the purpose of evading sanctions; (F) serves as a master of such a vessel; or (G) transfers or leases to the Russian Federation, or otherwise makes available for use involving any sanctioned Russian entity, any foreign vessel designed to transport petroleum products, including liquified natural gas.”
“(12) Sabotage activities.--The term ``sabotage activities'' means actions, or preparations for actions, taken with the intent to cause defective production, operation, or damage to critical undersea infrastructure, including energy pipelines, offshore energy facilities, or subsea power lines and telecommunications cables and associated landing stations and facilities. (13) United states person.--The term ``United States person'' means-- (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity; or (C) a person in the United States. Subchapter A--Sanctions With Respect to Russian Shadow Fleet PART I--IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS SEC. 8702.”
“(9) Russian-origin petroleum product.--The term ``Russian- origin petroleum product'' means a petroleum product extracted, refined, processed, or otherwise produced in the Russian Federation. (10) Russian person.--The term ``Russian person'' means-- (A) a citizen or national of the Russian Federation; or (B) an entity organized under the laws of the Russian Federation or otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the Government of the Russian Federation. (11) Russian shadow fleet.--The term ``Russian shadow fleet'' means any foreign vessel or vessels used or directed by or on behalf of the Russian Federation to transport [[Page S4054]] Russian-origin petroleum products in circumvention of sanctions imposed with respect to the Russian Federation by the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union, or other countries.”
“(6) Foreign vessel.--The term ``foreign vessel'' means a vessel that is not a vessel of the United States (as defined in section 116 of title 46, United States Code). (7) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'', with respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result. (8) Petroleum product.--The term ``petroleum product'' means oil of any kind or in any form, crude oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, aviation fuel, fuel oil, kerosene, any product obtained from refining or processing of crude oil, liquefied petroleum gases, natural gas liquids, petrochemical feedstocks, condensate, waste or refuse mixtures containing any of such oil products, and any other liquid hydrocarbon compounds.”
“(3) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means-- (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives. (4) Beneficial owner.--The term ``beneficial owner'' means, with respect to a vessel, any individual who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship, or otherwise-- (A) exercises substantial control over the vessel; or (B) owns not less than 25 percent of the vessel. (5) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' means an individual or entity that is not a United States person.”
“(B) Exclusion.--The term ``adequate maritime insurance'' does not include insurance provided by an insurer that-- (i) is organized under the laws of the Russian Federation; and (ii) continues to provide coverage to any vessel designated for the imposition of sanctions under the laws of the United States, the European Union, or the United Kingdom without a specific waiver of or exception to the application of such sanctions. (2) Admitted; alien; lawfully admitted for permanent residence.--The terms ``admitted'', ``alien'', and ``lawfully admitted for permanent residence'' have the meanings given those terms in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101).”
“CHAPTER 1--SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION SEC. 8701. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter: (1) Adequate maritime insurance.-- (A) In general.--The term ``adequate maritime insurance'' means-- (i) verified documentation evidencing protection and indemnity insurance, cargo insurance, and hull and machinery insurance, with audited financial statements of the insurer; (ii) records demonstrating compliance with relevant statutes and regulations regarding the insured subject matter; and (iii) a commitment to provide, upon reasonable request, evidence needed by the insurer, reinsurer, or broker to satisfy themselves or any regulator of such compliance.”
“(8) Defined term.--In this subsection, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means-- (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; (B) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (D) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. (d) Sunset.--The requirements set forth in paragraphs (6) and (7) of subsections (c) shall cease to have any force or effect beginning on the date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act. TITLE VII--OTHER MATTERS Subtitle A--SHADOW Fleet Sanctions Act of 2026 SEC. 8700. SHORT TITLES. This subtitle may be cited as the ``Sanctioning Harborers And Dodgers Of Western Sanctions Act of 2026'' or the ``SHADOW Fleet Act of 2026''.”
“(7) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for the following 4 years, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees, and publish in a publicly accessible, internet-based form, a report that includes-- (A) a description of the progress made toward achieving the goals, targets, and planned outcomes referred to in paragraph (6)(A), including an overview of the program implemented in the previous year and an estimated number of beneficiaries; (B) an assessment of how YALI is contributing to and promoting United States-Africa relations, particularly in areas of increased private sector investment, trade promotion, support to civil society, improved public administration, promoting peace and security, and fostering entrepreneurship and youth empowerment; and (C) recommendations for improvements or changes to YALI and the implementation plan, if any, that would improve their effectiveness during subsequent years of YALI's implementation.”
“(6) Implementation plan.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall submit a plan to the appropriate congressional committees for implementing YALI, including-- (A) a description of clearly defined program goals, targets, and planned outcomes for each year and for the duration of implementation of the program; (B) a strategy to monitor and evaluate the program and progress made toward achieving such goals, targets, and planned outcomes; and (C) a strategy to ensure the program is promoting United States foreign policy goals in Africa, including ensuring that the program is clearly branded, paired with robust public diplomacy efforts, and incorporates participants from a variety of countries, including communities in Africa facing economic distress, civil conflict, persecution, and other challenges.”
“(B) Implementation.--The Secretary, in coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall carry out this subsection by seeking to partner with the private sector-- (i) to pursue public-private partnerships; (ii) to leverage private sector expertise; (iii) to expand networking opportunities; and (iv) to identify funding and fellowship opportunities for YALI.”
“(5) Activities.-- (A) United states-based activities.--The Secretary, in coordination with the heads of relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall oversee all United States-based activities carried out under YALI, including-- (i) the participation of Mandela Washington Fellows in a 6- week Leadership Institute at a United States educational institution in business, civic engagement, or public management, including academic sessions, site visits, professional networking opportunities, leadership training, community service, and organized cultural activities; and (ii) the participation by Mandela Washington fellows in an annual Mandela Washington Fellowship Summit, to provide such Fellows the opportunity to meet with United States leaders from the private, public, and nonprofit sectors.”
“(4) Reciprocal exchanges.--Subject to the approval of the Secretary, United States citizens may-- (A) engage in reciprocal exchanges in connection with alumni of the fellowship described in paragraph (3); and (B) collaborate on projects with such fellowship alumni.”
“(3) Fellowships.-- (A) In general.--YALI shall support the participation in the United States in the Mandela Washington Fellowship for Young African Leaders of fellows from Africa who-- (i) are between 21 and 35 years of age; (ii) have demonstrated strong capabilities in entrepreneurship, innovation, public service, and leadership; and (iii) have had a positive impact in their communities, organizations, or institutions. (B) Oversight.--The fellowships described in subparagraph (A) shall be overseen by the Secretary through the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. (C) Eligibility.--The Secretary shall establish and publish-- (i) eligibility criteria for participation as a fellow under subparagraph (A); and (ii) criteria for determining which eligible applicants will be selected.”
“(2) Purpose.--YALI shall seek to build the capacity of young African leaders in sub-Saharan Africa in the areas of business, civic engagement, or public administration, including through efforts that-- (A) support young African leaders by offering professional development, training, and networking opportunities, particularly in the areas of leadership, innovation, civic engagement, elections, internationally recognized human rights, entrepreneurship, good governance, peace and security, and public administration; and (B) build relationships with African leaders to promote economic growth, strengthen ties between United States and African businesses, build resilience to predatory lending practices, and improve capacity in key economic areas such as tendering, bidding, and contract negotiations, budget management and oversight, anti-corruption, and establishment of clear policy and regulatory practices.”
“(c) Young African Leaders Initiative.-- (1) In general.--There is established the Young African Leaders Initiative (referred to in this section as ``YALI''), which shall be carried out by the Secretary.”
“(b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that-- (1) the Young African Leaders Initiative, launched in 2010, is a signature effort to invest in the next generation of African leaders; (2) Africa is a continent of strategic importance and it is vital for the United States to support strong and enduring partnerships with the next generation of African leaders; (3) the United States Government should prioritize investments to build the capacity of emerging young African leaders in sub-Saharan Africa, including through efforts that-- (A) enhance leadership skills; (B) encourage entrepreneurship; (C) strengthen public administration and the role of civil society; and (D) connect young African leaders continentally and globally across the private, civic, and public sectors; and [[Page S4053]] (4) youth in Africa have a positive impact on efforts to foster economic growth, improve public sector transparency and governance, and counter extremism and should be an area of focus for United States outreach on the African continent.”